Eatonhackett8220

Even women with more knowledge and high economic stratum showed low vaccination coverage, suggesting that results of higher vaccine coverage can be obtained with vaccination carried out in a school environment.

The research revealed extensive possibility for interventions with the aim of achieving greater vaccination coverage among female university students. Even women with more knowledge and high economic stratum showed low vaccination coverage, suggesting that results of higher vaccine coverage can be obtained with vaccination carried out in a school environment.The youth of Health Technology Assessment (HTA), as an institutional policy at the national level, signals the need to reflect on how its implementation took place under the perspective of its insertion in health policy and the scientific field. At the end of its first decade, these questions arise has HTA translated into a health policy informed by science? Has its scientific foundation been used in the service of politics? To understand this political process, we apply the multiple-streams framework formulated by John Kingdon. The use of science to inform policy and the political use of science present themselves in an unstable balance. The survival of this policy will depend not only on science but on the art of orchestrating the interests of various agents so that HTA becomes a health policy for strengthening and sustainability of SUS.

To describe feeding practices and the risk factors for the mixed breastfeeding and early weaning in the neonatal period.

Cohort study, which we collected socioeconomic, demographic, health care and feeding data from 415 mother/child binomials born in four public maternity hospitals in Natal/Brazil. They were followed-up at 48 hours, 7 and 28 days after birth. The association was established using Pearson's Chi-square test and Poisson's regression, after adjusting it to other variables.

The prevalence of mixed breastfeeding in the first 2 days was 47,2% and early weaning in 7 and 28 days was 8,4% and 16,2% in that order. The main reasons for mixed breastfeeding and early weaning were colostrum deficiency (33.8%), difficulty in latching/sucking (23.5%) and "little milk" (70.0%). The use of formula/milk/porridge remained associated with maternal age ≤ 20 years (RR = 0.64; 95%CI 0.47-0.86), age 20-29 years (RR = 0,70; 95%CI 0,57-0,87), primiparity (RR = 1.37; 95%CI 1.11-1.60) and cesarean delivery (RR = 1.20; 95%CI 1.00-1.45) at 2 days; absence of paternal support (RR = 4.98; 95%CI 2.54-9.79) and pacifier use (RR = 3.21; 95%CI 1.63-6.32) at 7 days; and only pacifier use (RR = 2.48; 95%CI 1.53-4.02) at 28 days.

Early weaning was associated with maternal and health care factors, thus suggesting the need to readjust good practices and educational actions to achieve the exclusive offer to the maternal breast in the neonatal period.

Early weaning was associated with maternal and health care factors, thus suggesting the need to readjust good practices and educational actions to achieve the exclusive offer to the maternal breast in the neonatal period.

To estimate the evolution of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection among residents aged 18 years or over in the municipality of São Paulo.

This is a population-based household survey conducted every 15 days, between June and September 2020, and January and February 2021. In total, the study comprised 11 phases. The presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was identified in venous blood using a lateral flow test, Wondfo Biotech. In the last phase, the researchers combined it with an immunoenzymatic test, Euroimmun. The participants also answered a semi-structured questionnaire on sociodemographic and economic factors, and on social distancing measures. Prevalence estimates and the 95% confidence interval were estimated according to regions, Human Development Index, sex, age group, ethnicity, education, income, and variables associated with risk or prevention of infection. To compare the frequencies among the categories of each variable, the chi-square test with Rao-Scott correction was used, consid estimated prevalence of the infection was lower than the cumulative incidence variation, except for the last phase of the study. The differences in prevalence estimates observed among subpopulations showed social inequality as a risk of infection. The lower prevalence observed among those who could follow prevention measures reinforce the need to maintain social distancing measures as a way to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.

To examine the effects of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB), in isolation and combination, on all-cause mortality in older adults.

Prospective, population-based cohort study. The data were collected from first wave in 2015 and the follow-up continued until 2020. The sample consisted of 332 older adult people aged ≥ 60 years-old, out of which 59 died. The level of PA and SB was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The older adults were divided into PA categorized as sufficiently active and insufficiently active and into high and low SB. We built four combinations of PA and SB. Also, we used the Cox proportional hazards regression with a 95% confidence interval with hazard ratio estimate so as to verify the mortality risks between PA, SB, and the combinations of PA and SB.

Insufficiently active individuals had higher risks of mortality compared to sufficiently active people. We observed no associations between SB and mortality separately; however, when evmortality rates, with SB being an enhancer of this risk. The results of this study show the interdependence of SB for PA performed at moderate to vigorous intensity. The understanding of this interrelation must be considered in the formulation of public health guidelines.

Test the association between the practice of physical activity (PA) according to the gestational trimesters and the occurrence of cesarean delivery, prematurity, and low birth weight in puerperal women assisted in the Unified Health System of Santa Catarina, Brazil.

A cross-sectional study was conducted with a probabilistic sample of puerperal women who gave birth in public maternity hospitals in Santa Catarina from January to August 2019. The cesarean delivery outcome was self-reported, and information on premature birth (< 37 gestational weeks) and low birth weight (< 2,500 grams) were obtained from medical records. The practice of PA during pregnancy and according to each trimester was self-reported. Multivariate Logistic Regression analyses and interviews with 3,580 puerperal women were carried out.

PA practice during any period of pregnancy was reported by 20.6% of the sample, with a gradual reduction in prevalence according to the gestational trimester (16.2%, 15.4%, and 12.8%). The highest prevalences of outcomes concerning the total sample were observed in puerperal women who did not practice PA in the third trimester, with 43.9% for cesarean delivery, 7.7% for low birth weight, and 5.5% for premature birth. The odds of cesarean delivery (OR = 1.40; 95%CI 1.10-1.76) and low birth weight (OR = 1.99; 95%CI 1.04-3.79) were, respectively, 40% and 99% higher among puerperal women who did not practice PA in the third trimester of pregnancy when compared to those who practiced PA. There was no association between PA practice and prematurity.

Puerperal women who did not practice PA in the third trimester of pregnancy were more likely to have cesarean delivery and low birth weight newborns.

Puerperal women who did not practice PA in the third trimester of pregnancy were more likely to have cesarean delivery and low birth weight newborns.

To synthesize evidence from studies that analyzed the associations between sedentary behavior and motor competence in children and adolescents.

Systematic review of original articles that analyzed possible associations between sedentary behavior and motor competence in children and adolescents (3-18 years of age), without restrictions on study design, instruments and analysis protocols. The articles were identified through searches in the PubMed, Web of Science, Academic Search Premier, Cinahl, Medline and SPORTDiscus databases, as well as in reference lists. The level of evidence was evaluated according to the amount of studies that reported statistical significance in the associations between the variables and the quality of the articles (risk of bias).

Of 2,462 initial studies, 22 composed the synthesis (two interventions, nine longitudinal and eleven cross-sectional studies). Of these, in 13, we observed negative associations between the variables, more often in the age group of seven to fourteen yeportant that future studies have greater control over sociocultural determinants and deepen knowledge regarding sex and age, as well as the methods and indicators used to evaluate the two variables.

To review the literature about children's and parent's perceptions on surgical attire.

A systematic search was conducted in the databases EMBASE, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science. selleck inhibitor Grey literature was searched on Google Scholar, Open Grey and ProQuest Dissertations, and Theses Database.

A total of 2,567 papers were identified. After a two-phase selection, 15 studies were included in narrative synthesis. Children favored wearing white coats in five of the nine included studies (55.5% [95%CI 48.3-62.7]; p=1.00). With respect to parents' preferences, results of vote counting showed that in 11 of 15 included studies, they favored physicians wearing white coats (73.3% [95%CI 67.9-78.6]; p=0.11).

Children and parents have preferred physicians to wear a white coat with a very low certainty of evidence.

Children and parents have preferred physicians to wear a white coat with a very low certainty of evidence.

To identify the strategies and effects of interventions carried out by community health workers (CHW) on physical activity (PA) levels in children and adolescents.

In August 2020, a systematic review, designed according to the PRISMA checklist items, was conducted by searches in seven electronic databases and in reference lists. Original studies were searched without restriction with regard to year of publication; they were written in Spanish, English or Portuguese and examined interventions implemented by CHW, involving theoretical and/or practical contents of PA, with a focus on children and/or adolescents between three and 19 years of age.

Of the 2,321 studies initially retrieved, eight were included, targeting samples with more specific characteristics (e.g., clinical, ethnic and/or socioeconomic). In all studies, CHW were trained to lead educational activities. In three non-controlled trials, positive results were observed, involving indicators such as moderate and vigorous PA and physical inactivity reduction. Also, two positive results were found in reducing sedentary behavior.

Even though most of the interventions included did not have a significant effect on increasing PA levels, the available findings reinforce the role of CHW as an important strategy for dialogue between health services and the most vulnerable communities, and they suggest a greater articulation of these professionals in the actions developed in the school context.

Even though most of the interventions included did not have a significant effect on increasing PA levels, the available findings reinforce the role of CHW as an important strategy for dialogue between health services and the most vulnerable communities, and they suggest a greater articulation of these professionals in the actions developed in the school context.