Dawsonhedegaard9876

Design Randomised controlled trial study.Case selection Ninety-nine subjects were chosen from 219 potential subjects. The 99 who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to two treatment groups atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) and conventional treatment (CT). K02288 To be selected, patients needed to be 65 years or over, follow oral hygiene guidance and have one or more painless dentinal carious lesions. To establish suitability, a full dental examination was performed by two calibrated dentists. Prior to receiving ART or CT, all participants received standard dental care (including extractions, non-surgical treatment and oral hygiene instructions). Following ART or CT, a dental nurse collected data regarding patient treatment preferences and a calibrated independent dentist, blind to the treatment allocation, reviewed restorations six months, one year, two years and five years after treatment.Data analysis The Cox proportional-hazards (PH) model was used to assess the cumulative survival of the variables ART and CT between the intervals. Bootstrapping was employed to estimate standard errors since the multiple restorations required by many patients were not necessarily independent of each other.Results Of the 99 subjects included, only 28 (ART 15, CT 13) remained after five years. After five years, of the 300 restorations undertaken, 15 ART restorations and 16 CT restorations failed. The cumulative probability of restoration survival was 85% and 79% (p = 0.8095) for ART and CT, respectively, with the Cox PH model showing the treatment used had no effect on the restorations' survival.Conclusions No significant difference was noted between the treatment methods used in terms of survival of the restorations. However, it is worth noting that 64.5% of participants preferred to have dental treatment without local anaesthesia and 71.1% without the use of a dental drill. Therefore, ART was a favourable treatment option in older patients, particularly those unable to attend the dental surgery.Design Randomised controlled trial.Intervention Undergraduate students aged 18 to 35 years were randomly allocated to either navigate a bespoke Instagram page featuring 'ideal' facial images as judged by five orthodontists (n = 71) or neutral images of nature (n = 61). Participants were allowed to view the Instagram page once and for a duration of five minutes.Outcome measures The primary outcome was facial dissatisfaction which was measured using the Facial Satisfaction Scale (FSS). Secondary outcomes included body dissatisfaction, which was measured using the Body Satisfaction Scale (BSS), and overall body and facial dissatisfaction, measured as a sum of scores of BSS and FSS.Data analysis Data were analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate regression analyses.Results Exposure to 'ideal' facial images on Instagram resulted in significantly lower facial satisfaction scores (-2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] -4.32, -0.46 P less then 0.016), with no significant difference in BSS (-2.74; CI -5.66, 0.19) and overall scores (-3.49; CI -6.10, -0.87) when compared to the control group. Based on the multivariate regression analysis, high baseline self-discrepancy scores negatively affected both FSS and BSS.Conclusions Exposure to 'ideal' facial images on Instagram resulted in an immediate and negative impact on FSS when compared to neutral images of nature. While this study is interesting, further robust research to clarify the effect of various social networking sites on facial and bodily satisfaction remains necessary.Data sources PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus.Study selection Randomised controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and case series reporting data on dental implant failures related to smoking published up to January 2019 were included, with no language restrictions.Data extraction and synthesis Data was extracted by one reviewer and quality assessment of the included observational studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Smoker subgroups were categorised by number of cigarettes smoked daily, and statistical heterogeneities were assessed using Cochran's Q statistics and quantified using the I² test.Results A higher implant failure rate was found in patients who smoked 10 cigarettes/day showed higher failure rates than those smoking less then 10 cigarettes/day (p less then 0.001), 95% CI (1.31-2.17).Conclusions Increase in smoking dose appears to correspond directly with increase in implant failure rate. Smoking less then 10 cigarettes/day can be recommended as a safe level for dental implant failure.Background Pain management in endodontic treatment is often managed with local anaesthetic, occasionally supplemented with oral medication. Currently, there is little evidence to suggest the best combination of local anaesthetic and oral medication to provide optimal pain control in symptomatic irreversible pulpits. A network meta-analysis was carried out to identify the best agent/technique for pulpal anaesthesia in both the maxilla and mandible in irreversible pulpits.Methods Electronic searches of Medline, Cochrane Central and Google Scholar. Reference lists of suitable studies along with manual searches to identify further appropriate studies were also carried out. Sixty-one randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were identified, investigating different local anaesthetic agents, methods of administration, and the adjunct use of medications and alternative therapies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used for data collection. Heterogeneity was assee included evidence was very low and further studies need to be carried out, focusing on larger sample sizes and better quality of studies.Data sources Three electronic databases were searched (Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Central) with date of publication between January 2003 and May 2018. Only articles written in English were included. Following electronic searches, the authors conducted manual searches of oral implant/periodontal journals from January 2012 to May 2018. In the event of disagreement on article selection, a further senior reviewer would make the final decision on its inclusion or exclusion following discussion.Study selection In total, 172 articles from the electronic search and ten from manual search were identified for initial screening. From the title and abstract, 18 articles were identified for full-text screening. Following this, 13 articles were included for quantitative synthesis and meta-analysis. The articles assessed the impact of history of periodontitis (HP) on implant survival, radiographic bone loss, pocket depth and bleeding on probing around the dental implant. All studies were either cohort or controlled studies.