Hewittmccain5913
We used microfluidic assays to study chemotaxis of E. coli in various gradients of maltose and methyl-aspartate and leveraged our experimental observations to develop a mechanistic transport-and-sensing chemotaxis model. Incorporating this model into agent-based simulations, we discover a trade-off between uptake and sensing although high-affinity transport enables higher uptake rates at low nutrient concentrations, it severely limits the range of dynamic sensing. We thus propose that E. coli may limit periplasmic uptake to increase its chemotactic sensitivity, enabling it to use maltose as an environmental cue.
To describe nurses with substance use disorder (SUD) in authority disciplinary actions.
Nurses with SUD risk patient safety. Research evidence on the identification of nurses' SUD and related management procedures is currently sparse.
Retrospective document analysis of decisions related to SUD in nurses' disciplinary actions.
Decisions on nurses (N=171) made by the Finnish National Supervisory Authority for Welfare and Health in Finland during 2007-2016 were used as data. An electronic extraction sheet was developed for data collection including variables (N=34), of which 18 were analysed in this study with descriptive statistical methods and chi-squared statistics. The study reported in accordance with the STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies.
The mean age of the nurses was 43years (SD 8.7). The most mentioned reasons for notifications leading to disciplinary actions were substance abuse with working while intoxicated and drug theft. The most mentioned intoxicants used were medicines and alnary actions related to SUD. Dihydroethidium It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of SUD and training for this is needed.Reconstruction of damaged nerves remains a significant unmet challenge in clinical medicine. Topographical and mechanical stimulations play important roles to repair peripheral nerve injury. The synergistic effects of topography and mechanical rigidity may significantly accelerate nerve regeneration. In this work, a nerve-guiding collagen/polylactic acid (PLA) electrospun scaffold is developed to facilitate peripheral nerve repair. The obtained anisotropic PLA electrospun scaffolds simulate the directional arranged structure of nerve realistically and promote axonal regeneration after sciatic nerve injury when compared with the isotropic PLA electrospun scaffolds. Moreover, the collagen-modified PLA electrospun scaffolds further provide sufficient mechanical support and favorable microenvironment for axon regeneration. In addition, it is observed that collagen-modified PLA electrospun scaffolds facilitate the axon regeneration by regulating Yes-associated protein (YAP) molecular pathway. Taken together, the engineered collagen-modified anisotropic PLA electrospun scaffolds may be a potential candidate to combine topography and mechanical rigidity for peripheral nerve regeneration is engineered.Organic indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) are attractive energy harvesting devices for low-power consumption electronic devices and the Internet of Things (IoTs) owing to their properties such as being lightweight, semitransparent, having multicoloring capability, and flexibility. It is important to match the absorption range of photoactive materials with the emission spectra of indoor light sources that have a visible range of 400-700 nm for IPVs to provide sustainable, high-power density. To this end, benzo[1,2-b4,5-b']dithiophene-based homopolymer (PBDTT) is synthesized as a polymer donor, which is a classical material that has a wide bandgap with a deep highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) level, and a series of random copolymers by incorporating thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6,-dione (TPD) as a weak electron acceptor unit in PBDTT. The composition of the TPD unit is varied to fine tune the absorption range of the polymers; the polymer containing 70% TPD (B30T70) perfectly covers the entire range of indoor lamps such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and fluorescent lamp (FL). Consequently, B30T70 shows a dramatic enhancement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 1-sun (PCE 6.0%) to the indoor environment (PCE 18.3%) when fabricating organic IPVs by blending with PC71 BM. The simple, easy molecular design guidelines are suggested to develop photoactive materials for efficient organic IPVs.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains to be one of the most common causes of morbidity worldwide, but the discourse of its prevention has disproportionately singled out the occupational risks that affect healthcare workers. In this research, we aimed to (1) investigate the underlying factor structure of Risk Characteristics (RC), specifically the risk of nosocomial TB transmission in health care facilities; (2) estimate the effects of work-related determinants and RC on risk perception; and (3) compare occupational risk perception of contracting TB with expert risk assessment.
A paper-based questionnaire was administered to 179 health care workers (HCWs) working at 10 public health centres and two hospitals in Surabaya, Indonesia. We analysed our data using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to unravel the latent structure of RC and structural equation modelling (SEM) to identify determinants of risk perceptions.
EFA revealed a two-factor solution for nine qualitative RC controllability of damage and knowledge-evoked dread. Our SEM analysis found evidence that the controllability aspect of the TB risk was a more profound determinant in predicting risk perception than knowledge-evoked dread, implying that HCWs might benefit from training aims to increase their beliefs on the controllability of TB risk despite its severity.
Although further research is necessary, our study highlights the importance of addressing occupational risk perceptions in health facilities, encouraging HCWs to become more active in advocating for the necessary allocation of resources for their workplaces, and raising communities' awareness of TB transmissions.
Although further research is necessary, our study highlights the importance of addressing occupational risk perceptions in health facilities, encouraging HCWs to become more active in advocating for the necessary allocation of resources for their workplaces, and raising communities' awareness of TB transmissions.The climate crisis has increased the burden of obstetrical care due to the negative impact of environmental disruption on the health of pregnant women, new mothers, foetuses and neonates. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the ecological footprint of obstetrical care has significantly increased due to the use of personal protective equipment and the provision of large-scale testing and vaccination of pregnant women and healthcare personnel against COVID-19. The situation calls for coordinated action to make obstetrics more resource efficient. To achieve this goal, obstetricians need to rationalise the use of electricity, water, paper and plastic, adopt green surgical practices and integrate environmental sustainability in their working culture and personal life at large. The present article discusses the main sources of environmental pollution in obstetrical care and proposes evidence-based solutions.Patient empowerment is an indispensable precondition for patients to self-manage their disease. The article takes the position that patients are empowered for disease self-management through patient knowledge empowerment when sharing knowledge. One of the most important instruments to successfully empower a patient to manage a chronic disease and maintain social relations, which are also a precondition for the prevention of chronic illnesses, is the possibility to access online health communities (OHCs) and participate in them. The aim of the article is to model possible development scenarios of OHCs as enablers of patient knowledge in relation to other digital health technologies (DHTs). A foresight methodology was used to achieve the goal, employing a technology scanning approach after selecting 10 foresight studies, which resulted in four future scenario models for the empowerment of patients wcith chronic diseases through digital health communities. They reveal options for the future interoperability of OHCs with other DHTs and highlight their importance and significance for the healthcare system as a technology for balancing patient self-efficacy and social relations as well as the need to maintain and develop them.Recent research reports Anorexia Nervosa (AN) to be highly dependent upon neurobiological function. Some behaviours, particularly concerning food selectivity are found in populations with both Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and AN, and there is a proportionally elevated number of anorexic patients exhibiting symptoms of ASD. We performed a systematic review of structural MRI literature with the aim of identifying common structural neural correlates common to both AN and ASD. Across 46 ASD publications, a meta-analysis of volumetric differences between ASD and healthy controls revealed no consistently affected brain regions. Meta-analysis of 23 AN publications revealed increased volume within the orbitofrontal cortex and medial temporal lobe, and adult-only AN literature revealed differences within the genu of the anterior cingulate cortex. The changes are consistent with alterations in flexible reward-related learning and episodic memory reported in neuropsychological studies. There was no structural overlap between ASD and AN. Findings suggest no consistent neuroanatomical abnormality associated with ASD, and evidence is lacking to suggest that reported behavioural similarities between those with AN and ASD are due to neuroanatomical structural similarities.
To examine the associations of accountable care organization (ACO) characteristics with the likelihood of participation in 2-sided risk tracks in the Medicare Shared Savings Program (SSP).
CMS ACO Public Use Files and Provider-Level Research Identifiable Files were used to trace Medicare ACOs' participation in the SSP between 2012 and 2020 and measure ACO characteristics, including size, rurality of the service area, affiliation with supporting organizations, program experience, and performance. Logistic regression and survival analysis were used to test the associations between ACO characteristics and the probability of ACOs initially participating in or subsequently switching to 2-sided risk tracks.
Among the 624 Medicare SSP ACOs that started between 2012 and 2017, 26 participated in 2-sided risk tracks in their initial contracts and 95 switched to 2-sided risk tracks subsequently. ACO characteristics were not significantly associated with the probability of participating in 2-sided risk tracks in initial contracts. ACO size, affiliation with supporting organizations, and performance were positively associated with the likelihood of switching to 2-sided risk. Rural ACOs were less likely to switch to 2-sided risk than their urban counterparts.
Small and rural ACOs are less prepared to transition into 2-sided risk swiftly.
Small and rural ACOs are less prepared to transition into 2-sided risk swiftly.The practical application of the Zn-metal anode for aqueous batteries is greatly restricted by catastrophic dendrite growth, intricate hydrogen evolution, and parasitic surface passivation. Herein, a polyanionic hydrogel film is introduced as a protective layer on the Zn anode with the assistance of a silane coupling agent (denoted as Zn-SHn). The hydrogel framework with zincophilic -SO3 - functional groups uniformizes the zinc ions flux and transport. Furthermore, such a hydrogel layer chemically bonded on the Zn surface possesses an anti-catalysis effect, which effectively suppresses both the hydrogen evolution reaction and formation of Zn dendrites. As a result, stable and reversible Zn stripping/plating at various currents and capacities is achieved. A full cell by pairing the Zn-SHn anode with a NaV3 O8 ·1.5 H2 O cathode shows a capacity of around 176 mAh g-1 with a retention around 67% over 4000 cycles at 10 A g-1 . This polyanionic hydrogel film protection strategy paves a new way for future Zn-anode design and safe aqueous batteries construction.
