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382) between groups. Adherence to the splinting program was high (18 out of 19 participants), and no adverse effects occurred. Four themes emerged from the participant comments the participants felt splints were helpful in their recovery; they found it challenging to direct their caregivers to help with the splints; they needed to take ownership for managing their splints; and they wished they received more education on splint rationale.

There was no obvious difference in outcome or user preference between prefabricated and custom resting hand splints.

There was no obvious difference in outcome or user preference between prefabricated and custom resting hand splints.

This is a prospective study examining palatal casts from patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in the first month of life, immediately before cheiloplasty, and immediately before palatoplasty. None of the patients receives presurgical orthopedics (nasoalveolar molding).

In this prospective study, upper arch plaster models were taken 3 times during the treatment in the first month of life (T1), before the cheiloplasty (T2), and before the palatoplasty (T3). Anatomic landmarks were defined and linear anthropometric measurements were obtained afterward. Dimensional analysis was performed using 3D software. Two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey test was performed for statistical analysis.

Tertiary, institutional.

Twelve patients with UCLP of either sex with less than 1 month of life and without any other syndrome.

No intervention was performed.

Reduction of the cleft without using orthopedics apparatus.

There was a statistically significant reduction in the cleft gap comparing T1 to T3. There was also a significant reduction in the intercanine width comparing T2 and T3, and T1 and T3. There was significant increase in the posterior arch width comparing T2 and T3, and T1 and T3. The palatal plate's width increased in all times analyzed.

The palatal cleft narrows spontaneously as well in both midpoint and posterior point during the first 6 months of patient's treatment. This event was enhanced by cheiloplasty. This surgery might have a greater influence on the anterior arch width than in the posterior arch region.

The palatal cleft narrows spontaneously as well in both midpoint and posterior point during the first 6 months of patient's treatment. This event was enhanced by cheiloplasty. This surgery might have a greater influence on the anterior arch width than in the posterior arch region.Peroneal muscle fatigue could result in ankle inversion sprain injuries. This study investigated the peroneal muscle reaction time during a simulated prolonged football protocol. Nine male footballers completed a 105-minute simulated prolonged football protocol. The peroneal muscle reaction time to an ankle inversion perturbation was measured every 15 minutes by a surface electromyography system sampling at 1000 Hz. One-way repeated ANOVA with post-hoc paired t-test showed a steady upward trend starting from 48.9 ms at baseline to 57.1 ms at the end of the first half, followed by a recovery back to 50.9 ms at the start of the second half and a further delay in the last 30 minutes to 60.2 ms at the end of the protocol. Delayed peroneal muscle reaction was found after 30 minutes of the first half and 15 minutes of the second half of a football match. The risk of ankle sprain could increase in the latter minutes in each half protocol. Thus, prevention injury training strategies should focus on these specific durations in football matches.

Community Occupational Therapy in Dementia (COTiD-UK) is a manualised intervention delivered to the person with dementia and their identified family carer primarily in their own home. The focus is on enabling both the person with dementia and their family carer to engage in personally meaningful activities. This qualitative study examines the experiences of people with mild to moderate dementia, their family carers and occupational therapists, of taking part in the COTiD-UK intervention.

A purposive sample of 22 pairs of people with dementia and a family carer and seven occupational therapists took part in semi-structured interviews that were audio recorded, transcribed and inductively analysed using thematic analysis.

Themes from the occupational therapist interviews relate to the COTiD-UK intervention philosophy and content, aspects of delivering it in practice and thinking ahead to it becoming usual practice. Themes from the pair interviews relate to the focus of COTiD-UK sessions on meaningful occupation and working together and a sense of being able to plan to live well with dementia in the short- and longer-term as a result of the intervention.

This person-centred occupation-focussed intervention was highly valued by people with dementia and their family carers and the occupational therapists delivering it.

This person-centred occupation-focussed intervention was highly valued by people with dementia and their family carers and the occupational therapists delivering it.This research explores and represents the sleep of people caring for a family member with cognitive impairment or dementia. A thematic analysis was applied to the open-ended comments from 526 carers from a postal survey concerning sleep, health and caregiving. Themes are presented within a framework of five dimensions of sleep health. Salvianolic acid B Themes of sleep duration included striking a balance between 'achieving the hours' whilst also sacrificing sleep to manage responsibilities. Themes of sleep efficiency included symptoms of insomnia ('losing sleep over the situation') and 'sleeping on guard' in case night-time support was required. Timing of sleep was themed as either restricted to 'when the one I care for sleeps' or salvaged as a luxury 'quiet time'. Levels of alertness were represented within themes of being 'tired all of the time' whilst also in a state of 'high alert'. Finally, overall sleep satisfaction ranged from themes concerning 'sleeping fine at the moment' to sleep being 'a big problem'. The sleep experience of family carers is unique and often includes tensions between roles and responsibilities and their own need for sleep and well-being. Findings have implications for community support and healthcare interventions for families affected by dementia.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic disease with a notable health burden; regular exercise may improve specific health outcome measures.

The objective of this meta-analysis was to estimate the effectiveness of exercise training for PH patients.

PubMed, CINAHL, SportDiscuss and Google Scholar databases and reference lists of included studies were searched.

The selection criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) employing an exercise training intervention. Data were extracted from the entered studies for analysis. The primary outcomes were peak oxygen uptake (VO

), anaerobic threshold (AT), 6-minute walk distance (6-MWD), and quality of life (QoL) measures (physical component score and mental component score). The analysis included 9 articles with a total of 302 participants intervention (n = 154), and control (n = 148).

In the pooled analysis, improvements were seen in VO

, mean difference (MD) 2.79 ml/kg/min (95% CI 2.00 to 3.59,

< 0.00001); AT, MD 107.83 ml/min (95% CI 39.64 to 176.00,

= 0.002); and 6-MWD, MD 46.67 meters (95% CI 32.39 to 60.96,

< 0.00001). Differences were found in the SF-36 physical component score MD 3.57 (95% CI 2.04 to 5.10,

< 0.00001) and the SF-36 mental component score MD 3.92 (95% CI 1.92 to 5.91,

= 0.001).

This meta-analysis demonstrates exercise training has a beneficial effect on fitness, walking performance, and self-reported QoL in PH patients.

This meta-analysis demonstrates exercise training has a beneficial effect on fitness, walking performance, and self-reported QoL in PH patients.

The study's aim was to gain insights into factors influencing sustainable return to work following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

A descriptive multiple-case design was used. A case was defined as a worker's following TKA work disability situation.

The cases came from public hospitals in urban and semi-urban areas in Quebec (Canada) and involved mostly non-work-related TKAs.

Workers had to be between 6 and 12 months post-TKA, have physical/manual jobs and currently employed. Their rehabilitation professionals and workplace representatives (employer and/or union) were also recruited, based on the work disability paradigm.

Semi-structured interviews, questionnaires on pain, physical work demands (workers only), and observation of the work activities of those workers back at work were used. Cases were compared and categorized for worker-perceived levels of difficulty in returning to or staying at work little or no difficulty (

 = 8); some difficulty (

 = 5); not back at work due to excessive difficulty with their knee (

 = 4).

A total of 17 cases were constituted. In only one case, the worker benefitted from an interdisciplinary work rehabilitation approach. Results highlight the interplay among these factors (1) the workers' perceptions of their residual symptoms and ability to manage them, (2) the interaction between work adjustments and tools offered by the employers and the workers' own strategies, and (3) perceptions of the workers' physical capacities.

Workers' who face high levels of work demands/difficulties and who have limited access to work adjustments and tools should be referred for work rehabilitation.

Workers' who face high levels of work demands/difficulties and who have limited access to work adjustments and tools should be referred for work rehabilitation.

Even though realignment procedures have gained popularity as concomitant techniques in cartilage repair approaches with underlying malalignment, the clinical efficacy has not been proven to full extent.

Out of 5474 patients from the German Cartilage Registry, 788 patients with focal cartilage defects on the medial femoral condyle having received either no accompanying surgery or high tibial osteotomy (HTO) were identified. After a 11 propensity score matching, outcome of 440 patients was evaluated using KOOS (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score), VAS (visual analogue scale), and satisfaction during the 3-year follow-up.

Patients having received a concomitant HTO had significantly higher postoperative KOOS values (12 months 67.26 ± 15.69 vs.75.10 ± 16.12,

= 0.001; 24 months 67.14 ± 23.85 vs. 77.11 ± 16.50,

= 0.010; 36 months 74.40 ± 16.57 vs. 81.75 ± 14.22,

= 0.023) and lower pain levels (6 months 3.43 ± 2.18 vs. 2.89 ± 2.15,

= 0.009; 12 months 3.64 ± 2.20 vs. 2.17 ± 1.96,

< 0.001; 24 months 4.20 ± 3.12 vs. 2.94 ± 2.45,

= 0.005; 36 months 3.20 ± 2.18 vs. 2.02 ± 1.98,

= 0.003). One and 3 years postoperatively, concomitant HTO led to significantly higher satisfaction in patients. These advantages of accompanying HTO were also seen in the group of patients with a varus deformity of 5° or more, in which pain levels without concomitant HTO even increased during the 3-year follow-up.

The results of the present study underline the importance and safety of concomitant HTO in patients with cartilage defects and varus deformity. HTO should therefore be considered and recommended generously in patients with focal cartilage defects of the medial femoral condyle and varus deformity.

The results of the present study underline the importance and safety of concomitant HTO in patients with cartilage defects and varus deformity. HTO should therefore be considered and recommended generously in patients with focal cartilage defects of the medial femoral condyle and varus deformity.