Ipsenhaley5861

Moreover, GLM analysis indicated that mean reaction time of the Test of Attentional Performance-Alertness (TAP-A) test (with and without signal) was also significantly associated with CRP level. Conclusion The current study indicated that healthy subjects with higher levels of CRP exhibit poorer performance in verbal learning memory and general wakefulness domains of cognition.Objective To determine the area of a safety window that excludes the vertebral artery for the safe access of the occipital condyle screws during occipitocervical fixation. Methods This study included 138 cervical computed tomography angiograms. Six measurements per side were made in each imaging study. These measurements are from the vertebral artery to (A) the mastoid process, (B) the mastoid incisura, (C) the posterior condylar fossa, (D) the occipital condyle in its midline, and (E) the medial border of the condyle. We also measured from the tip of the mastoid process to the lower border of the occipital condyle on its lateral side (F). Results A total of 276 areas from 138 individuals were included, of which 51.4 % were men. The mean age was 54.2 ± 18.63 years. The mean variable measurements (mm) for all the population were 21 ± 4, 16 ± 3, 6 ± 2, 3 ± 2, 2 ± 1 and 35 ± 4 for variables A-F, respectively. We found significant differences between sex when we compared measurements A (p = 0.003), C (p = 0.001), D (p = 0.000) and F (p = 0.000). The incidence rate of dominance for the vertebral artery was 18.8 % and 30.4 % for right and left respectively. Conclusion Women had significantly smaller measures than men. This could indicate a higher risk of iatrogenic injury secondary to a smaller vertebral artery-free area. Results may guide surgeons in the pre-surgical planning aiming to reduce the risk of iatrogenic injuries to the vertebral artery.The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, poses a significant threat to hen health and poultry husbandry. D. gallinae has typically been controlled using synthetic acaricides, like pyrethroids, but increased resistance to pyrethroids has been found in poultry red mite populations worldwide. Pyrethroids resistance in arthropods has been associated to cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), a main member of a group of detoxification enzymes. To explore the potential contribution of P450s to the resistance to pyrethroids in D. gallinae, we first identified and then characterized four P450s genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the four P450s genes in D. gallinae belong to three different clades, with two in the CYP-6, one in the CYP-4 and one in the CYP-2. All four P450s genes were expressed in a similar pattern in D. gallinae at different stages of development, and showed high expression in the adult stage, indicating that they played a role in mite development. Simultaneously, constitutive over-expression of Deg-CYP-3, a clade associated with pesticide metabolism, was detected in a resistant strain (RS) compared with a susceptible strain (SS). When exposed to beta-cypermethrin, the four P450s gene transcripts in the RS strain increased in a time-dependent manner. In particular, Deg-CYP-3 expression increased 5-fold compared to gene expression in control group at 12 h, although the four P450s genes were not induced in the SS strain. Our results show the first insights into the molecular characteristics of P450s genes in D. gallinae. The elevated presence of P450s genes in the RS strain, indicated by their constitutive over-expression and their inducible expression, suggests that they confer resistance to beta-cypermethrin, and are involved in its detoxification.The present study involved identification of genes which are present in the genome of native bacteria to make them effective tools for bioremediation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). check details During this study, forty-one POPs (naphthalene, toluene and petrol) metabolizing bacteria were isolated from tannery effluents and petrol contaminated soil samples by successive enrichment culturing. The taxonomic diversity and gene repertoire conferring POPs degradation ability to the isolated bacterial community were studied through whole genome shotgun sequencing of DNA consortium. The DNA consortium contained equimolar concentration of DNA extracted from each bacterial isolate using organic method. To add a double layer of confirmation the established DNA consortium was subjected to 16S rRNA metagenome sequencing and whole genome shotgun sequencing analysis. Biodiversity analysis revealed that the consortium was composed of phyla Firmicutes (80 %), Proteobacteria (12 %) and Actinobacteria (5%). Genera found included Bacillus (45 %), Burkholderia (25 %), Brevibacillus (9%) and Geobacillus (4%). Functional profiling of consortium helped us to identify genes associated with degradation pathways of a variety of organic compounds including toluene, naphthalene, caprolactam, benzoate, aminobenzoate, xylene, 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid, biphenyl, anthracene, aminobenzoate, chlorocyclohexane, chlorobenzene, n-phenylalkanoic acid, phenylpropanoid, salicylate, gentisate, central meta cleavage of aromatic compounds, cinnamic acid, catechol and procatechuate branch of β-ketoadipate pathway, phenyl-acetyl CoA and homogentisate catabolic pathway. The information thus generated has ensured not only biodegradation potential but also revealed many possible future applications of the isolated bacteria.Background and objective Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable people to control an external device by analyzing the brain's neural activity. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which is an emerging optical imaging technique, is frequently used in non-invasive BCIs. Determining the subject-specific features is an important concern in enhancing the classification accuracy as well as reducing the complexity of fNIRS based BCI systems. In this study, the effectiveness of subject-specific feature selection on classification accuracy of fNIRS signals is examined. Methods In order to determine the subject-specific optimal feature subsets, stepwise regression analysis based on sequential feature selection (SWR-SFS) and ReliefF methods were employed. Feature selection is applied on time-domain features of fNIRS signals such as mean, slope, peak, skewness and kurtosis values of signals. Linear discriminant analysis, k nearest neighborhood and support vector machines are employed to evaluate the performance of the selected feature subsets.