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The study of sex differences in hyperuricemia can provide not only a theoretical basis for this clinical phenomenon but also new therapeutic targets for urate-lowering therapy. In the current study, we aimed to confirm that estradiol can promote intestinal ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) expression to increase urate excretion through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
The estradiol levels of hyperuricemia/gout patients and healthy controls were compared, and a hyperuricemia mouse model was used to observe the urate-lowering effect of estradiol and the changes in ABCG2 expression in the kidney and intestine. In vivo and in vitro intestinal urate transport models were established to verify the urate transport function regulated by estradiol. The molecular pathway by which estradiol regulates ABCG2 expression in intestinal cells was explored.
The estradiol level of hyperuricemia/gout patients was significantly lower than that of healthy controls. Administering estradiol benzoate (EB) to both male hyperuricemic mice and female mice after removing the ovaries confirmed the urate-lowering effect of estradiol, and hyperuricemia and estradiol upregulated the expression of intestinal ABCG2. Estradiol has been confirmed to promote urate transport by upregulating ABCG2 expression in intestinal urate excretion models in vivo and in vitro. Estradiol regulates the expression of intestinal ABCG2 through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Our study revealed that estradiol regulates intestinal ABCG2 through the PI3K/Akt pathway to promote urate excretion, thereby reducing serum urate levels.
Our study revealed that estradiol regulates intestinal ABCG2 through the PI3K/Akt pathway to promote urate excretion, thereby reducing serum urate levels.
Industrial pollution is considered to be a detrimental factor for human health. This study, therefore, explores the link between health status and industrial pollution for the top 20 industrialised countries of the world.
Crude death rate is used to represent health status and CO
emissions from manufacturing industries and construction, and nitrous oxide emissions are considered to be indicators of industrial pollution. Using annual data of 60 years (1960-2019), an unbalanced panel data estimation method is followed where (Driscoll, J. C. et al. Rev Econ Stat, 80, 549-560, 1998) standard error technique is employed to deal with heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation and cross-sectional dependence problems.
The research findings indicate that industrial pollution arising from both variables has a detrimental impact on human health and significantly increases the death rate, while an increase in economic growth, number of physicians, urbanisation, sanitation facilities and schooling decreases the death rate.
Therefore, minimisation of industrial pollution should be the topmost policy agenda in these countries. All the findings are consistent theoretically, and have empirical implications as well. The policy implication of this study is that the mitigation of industrial pollution, considering other pertinent factors, should be addressed appropriately by enunciating effective policies to reduce the human death rate and improve health status in the studied panel countries.
Therefore, minimisation of industrial pollution should be the topmost policy agenda in these countries. All the findings are consistent theoretically, and have empirical implications as well. The policy implication of this study is that the mitigation of industrial pollution, considering other pertinent factors, should be addressed appropriately by enunciating effective policies to reduce the human death rate and improve health status in the studied panel countries.
There is increasing awareness that vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women may be associated with several adverse effects for the mother and newborn. The risks for vitamin D deficiency are unclear. This study was to assess vitamin D nutritional status and vitamin D deficiency risk factors among pregnant women in Shanghai in China.
This study is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. A total of 953 healthy pregnant women participated, serological examinations and other variables included serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], total blood cholesterol (TCh), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, triglycerides at the first antenatal visit (12-14weeks) pregnancy parity and age, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, and completed OGTTs test. Associations between vitamin D deficiency and possible predictors (age group, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, and gestational hyperabetes mellitus. Public health strategies to prevent vitamin D deficiency should focus on those risks to promote health pregnancy of Shanghai in China.
It is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Chinese pregnancy in Shanghai. Aging more than 30 years, the parity of more than 2, overweight and obesity, and hyperlipemia are risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus. Public health strategies to prevent vitamin D deficiency should focus on those risks to promote health pregnancy of Shanghai in China.
Maternal vaccination is key to decreasing maternal and infant mortality globally. GSK2795039 Yet perceptions about maternal vaccines and immunization among pregnant women are often understudied, particularly in low- and middle- income countries. This qualitative study explored trust, views, and attitudes towards maternal immunization among pregnant women in Mexico. A total of 54 women from Mexico City and Toluca participated in the in-depth interviews and focus groups. We explored participants' experiences with maternal vaccination, as well as how they navigated the health system, searched for information, and made decisions around maternal immunization.
Our findings point to issues around access and quality of maternal healthcare, including immunizations services. While healthcareprofessionals were recognized for their expertise, participants reported not receiving enough information to make informed decisions and used online search engines and digital media to obtain more information about maternal healthcare. Somnization amongst this group.
The impact of sagittal spinopelvic alignment on spondylolysis is well established in Caucasian populations. However, prior studies suggest that people from different ethnological backgrounds showed divergence, and a few studies that focused on Asian populations reported conflicting results. The aim of this study is to use the EOS imaging system to evaluate the spinopelvic parameters of spondylolysis patients, and their relationship with spondylolisthesis, disc degeneration, and age in a Taiwanese population.
Radiographic sagittal spinopelvic parameters for 45 spondylolysis patients and 32 healthy people were evaluated, including pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), thoracic kyphosis (TK), and lumbar lordosis (LL). The spinopelvic parameters were compared between spondylolytic and control groups. These parameters were further compared between spondylolytic subjects with and without spondylolisthesis, with and without high-grade disc degeneration, and young (< 30 years old) and midthus be taken into account when making clinical decisions regarding spondylolysis in a Taiwanese population.
In a Taiwanese population, PI and LL were significantly larger in spondylolytic patients. Disc degeneration and age were associated with the occurrence of spondylolisthesis. Ethnological differences should thus be taken into account when making clinical decisions regarding spondylolysis in a Taiwanese population.
The use of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) performed by general practitioners (GPs) in primary care settings is increasing. Previous studies have focused on GP-reported outcomes and little is known about patients' perspectives on the use of POCUS technology within the general practice consultation. The purpose of this study was to examine patients' experiences with POCUS in general practice within the areas where GPs have indicated that POCUS affected aspects of the consultation.
A questionnaire was developed using a mixed methods sequential design. Analytical themes from interviews with GPs were converted into items in a questionnaire by the research team. The questionnaire was then further developed in several rounds of pilot tests involving both patients and GPs. The final questionnaire was used in a cohort study conducted in 18 Danish office-based general practice clinics from January 2018 to August 2018. All patients examined with POCUS were asked to complete the questionnaire on tablets immedi We found that an examination including POCUS in general practice was a positive experience overall for the majority of patients. Future research should further explore reasons for patient confidence in POCUS and whether or not the reassuring value of POCUS is valid.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03416608.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03416608.
Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) infection has been associated with adult-onset immunodeficiency due to anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies. We aimed to investigate the clinical features of non-HIV-infected patients with T. marneffei infection in southern China.
Between January 2018 and September 2020, we enrolled patients with T. marneffei infection who were HIV-negative (group TM, n = 42), including anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-positive (group TMP, n = 22) and anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-negative (group TMN, n = 20) patients and healthy controls (group HC, n = 40). Anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies were detected by ELISA. Clinical characteristics and clinical laboratory parameters were recorded.
Compared with anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-negative patients with T. marneffei infection, anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-positive patients did not have underlying respiratory disease; more frequently exhibited dissemination of systemic infections with severe pleural effusion; had higher WBC counts, C-reactive protein levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and neutrophil and CD8
T cell counts; had lower hemoglobin levels; and were more likely to have other intracellular pathogen infections. Most of these patients had poor outcomes despite standardized antimicrobial therapy.
T. marneffei-infected patients with higher anti-IFN-γ autoantibody titers have more severe disease and complex clinical conditions.
T. marneffei-infected patients with higher anti-IFN-γ autoantibody titers have more severe disease and complex clinical conditions.
The first 2 years of a child's life have been found to be crucial to healthy growth and development. Parent support groups can help parents to promote health-related behaviours during this crucial period. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of parents who participated in a parent support group (Parent-Child Meetings) which promoted health-related behaviours of their children, and to determine whether and how these meetings supported them in promoting these behaviours.
We used a qualitative study design. The parent support group consisted of weekly Parent-Child Meetings organized in a multi-ethnic, relatively low-income neighbourhood in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Data on the experiences of parents was collected through participatory observations, informal conversations (n= 30 sessions) and semi-structured interviews (n= 13) between April 2019 and March 2020. The data was analysed using thematic content analysis.
Parents indicated that they experienced the parent-child meetings as enjoyable and as providing them with socio-emotional support.
