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CHAs and HCPs agreed that an extended roll out of the intervention had potential to deliver benefits, but expressed concerns that some of the ongoing social challenges facing deprived communities might act as barriers to progress. F.J.

Lupus anticoagulant (LA) assays are compromised in anticoagulated patients, and existing strategies to overcome the interferences have limitations. The prothrombin-activating Taipan snake venom time (TSVT) screening test and ecarin time (ET) confirmatory test are innately insensitive to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and direct factor Xa inhibitors (DFXaI).

Validate standardised TSVT/ET reagents for LA detection, in a multi-centre, multi-platform study.

Six centres from four countries analysed samples with TSVT/ET from 81 non-anticoagulated patients with LA, patients with established antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and proven persistent LA who were either not anticoagulated (n=120) or were anticoagulated with VKAs (n=180) or DFXaIs (n=71). Additionally, 339 non-anticoagulated LA-negative patients, and 575 anticoagulated non-APS patients (172 VKA, 403 DFXaI) were tested. Anticoagulant spiking experiments were performed and 112 samples containing potential interferences (i.e. direct thrombin inhibitors) were tested. Results were evaluated against locally derived cut-offs. Imprecision was evaluated.

Cut-offs were remarkably similar despite use of different analysers and donor populations. Cut-offs for TSVT ratio, ET ratio, percent correction and normalised TSVT ratio/ET ratio ranged between 1.08-1.10, 1.09-1.12, 9.3%-14.8% and 1.10-1.15 respectively. Coefficients of variation for TSVT and ET ratios were ≤5.0%. TSVT/ET exhibited sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values of 78.2%/95.0%/86.3%/91.5% respectively with established APS as the LA-positive population, and 86.9%/95.0%/76.8%/97.4% respectively with triple-positive APS. Interference was seen with direct thrombin inhibitors, unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparins, but not VKAs or DFXaIs.

TSVT/ET are validated for LA detection in non-anticoagulated patients and those on VKAs or DFXaIs.

TSVT/ET are validated for LA detection in non-anticoagulated patients and those on VKAs or DFXaIs.

Different lifestyles may contribute to chronic diseases or a health condition. We aimed to study trends in lifestyle habits among community-dwelling older people.

This retrospective time-trend study enrolled 429108 participants from the Senior Citizen Health Examination in Taiwan over ten years (2001-2010). We analysed lifestyle habits including smoking, alcohol, betel nut chewing, milk drinking, fruit and vegetable intake, car driving and motorcycle riding. Iodoacetamide molecular weight Joinpoint regression was used to identify changes in trend.

The overall rate of smoking, alcohol and betel nut chewing was 8.2%, 18.1% and 0.3%, respectively. Smoking rates decreased gradually, but alcohol and betel nut chewing increased. We found that milk drinking, fruit and vegetable intake and car driving initially increased and then later decreased. The change in the trend was in 2003.

There were significant turning points in milk drinking, fruit and vegetable intake and car driving. Implementation of strategies to change the behaviors of citizens about the intake of fruit and vegetable and milk drinking is important.

There were significant turning points in milk drinking, fruit and vegetable intake and car driving. Implementation of strategies to change the behaviors of citizens about the intake of fruit and vegetable and milk drinking is important.The integration of Li2 S6 within a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based polymer electrolyte is demonstrated to improve the polymer electrolyte's ionic conductivity because the strong interplay between O2- (PEO) and Li+ from Li2 S6 reduces the crystalline volume within the PEO. The Li/electrolyte interface is stabilized by the in situ formation of an ultra-thin Li2 S/Li2 S2 layer via the reaction between Li2 S6 and lithium metal, which increases the ionic transport at the interface and suppresses lithium dendrite growth. A symmetric Li/Li cell with the Li2 S6 -integrated composite electrolyte has excellent cyclability and a high critical current density of 0.9 mA cm-2 at 40 °C. Impressive electrochemical performance is demonstrated with all-solid-state Li/LiFePO4 and high-voltage Li/LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 cells at 40 °C.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in the aquatic environment based on the water origin, seasonality and physico-chemical properties.

The occurrence of C. jejuni and C. coli was determined in waste (29) or surface (56) waters in four different seasons. The air and water temperatures were measured during sampling and chemical analyses of water samples for ammonium, chloride, chlorine, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and iron were performed. The thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. were more frequently detected in wastewater (59%; 17 positive samples) compared to surface water (38%; 21 positive samples), with the highest rate in autumn (67% of samples positive) and with a higher C. coli occurrence than C. jejuni (31% vs. 26%). Ammonium (above 0.2mg/L) and chloride ion concentrations (above 60mg/L) favour C. jejuni. Similarly, C. coli occurrence in water was supported by ammonium (above 0.2mg/L), chloride (above 60mg/L) and in addition by phosphate ion concentrations (below 0.7mg/L).

Campylobacter presence in water is influenced by physico-chemical parameters such as concentrations of ammonium and chloride ions.

Water environment is an alternative source of Campylobacter. The concentration of ammonium and chloride ions can be used as a basis for successful prediction of the potential occurrence of C. jejuni and C. coli in wastewater and surface water in future.

Water environment is an alternative source of Campylobacter. The concentration of ammonium and chloride ions can be used as a basis for successful prediction of the potential occurrence of C. jejuni and C. coli in wastewater and surface water in future.

Many concerns were raised aboutthe outcome of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin in subjects with atrial fibrillation and liver disease. However, the reported relationship between their efficacy and safety was variable. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate this relationship.

A systematic literature search up to July 2020 was performed and six studies included 50074 subjects with atrial fibrillation and liver disease at the baseline with 32229 non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant consumers and 18920 warfarin consumers. They were reporting relationships between non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and warfarin in subjects with atrial fibrillation and liver disease. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated to evaluate the prognostic role of the efficacy and safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin in subjects with atrial fibrillation and liver disease subjects using the dichotomous method with a random or fixed-effect model.