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Objectives Understanding university students' beliefs toward selecting healthy snacks is important in developing effective programs targeting healthy eating behaviors. The purpose of this research was to assess students' beliefs toward healthy snack selection and consumption. Participants In November 2017, a convenience sample of 779 undergraduate students living on campus completed an online survey. Methods A survey was developed to measure students' beliefs about eating healthy snacks. Paired t-tests were used to compare differences in beliefs and their importance. Independent t-tests were used to compare differences in belief responses by gender. Results Students believed that healthy snacks were good for health and assisting with weight management. However, time management, motivation, preparation needs, and poor taste were reported as barriers to selection and consumption of healthy snacks. Conclusions Increasing students' awareness of available food preparation facilities, developing food preparation skills, and motivation for consumption of healthy-good tasting snacks may increase healthier snacking.Suicide-related behavior (SRB) is a growing mental health concern on college campuses. We argue that causes of this rising trend go beyond student stress, to include outdated campus policies, overburdened counseling center staffing, and untapped targets for prevention efforts. We outline the social-ecological model applied to suicide and related public health problems. Such a viewpoint provides an example road map to redress suicide and related risk factors (e.g., violence, substance abuse) through multiple levels of prevention-focused programing. Using our SAMHSA-funded campus suicide prevention programmatic approach as a case illustration, we proffer lessons and guidelines for the implementation of a social-ecological suicide prevention program (SESPP). Emphasis is placed on review of evidence-informed prevention programs, utilization of interdisciplinary prevention teams, need for rigorous program evaluation, and consideration of the unique demography of each campus.Objective Undergraduate women are more likely to comply with unwanted sexual behavior if they have experienced sexual coercion from their partner. We investigated whether the severity and frequency of sexual coercion was associated with sexual compliance.Participants A sample of 195 female university students in committed relationships.Methods Participants completed an online survey about sexually coercive experiences in their relationship and hypothetical sexual compliance.Results We found that undergraduate women exposed to more frequent mild sexual coercion from their current partner predicted they would be more compliant with hypothetical sexual coercion from that partner-both mild and severe.Conclusion There may be a precedent for sexual compliance in some sexually coercive relationships; this precedent seems to be gradually set. Prevention programs should emphasize that even the mildest forms of sexual coercion can potentially have negative implications for a relationship.BACKGROUND This study evaluated the effectiveness of a parent-completed questionnaire for detecting seizures in high-risk children. METHODS A 2-part seizure screen for children up to 12 years of age with suspected autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, or seizure, was implemented in 12 Massachusetts clinics serving populations with high health disparities. Primary care providers and developmental behavioral pediatricians administered part 1, a brief highly sensitive screen. If the result was positive, a research assistant administered part 2, a more detailed screen with higher specificity. Positive part 2 results prompted a specialized assessment by a pediatric neurologist. Screening data were evaluated for detection of seizures or other diagnoses, reason for conducting the screen, and appointment outcomes. Data analysis included chi-squared tests, percentages for categorical variables, and means for numerical data. RESULTS Of 207 administered seizure questionnaires, 78% of children screened positive on part 1. Of those, 94% of families completed part 2 by telephone, and 64 individuals screened positive. The screen helped to detect 15 new seizure diagnoses and 35 other neurologic diagnoses. Average time to first scheduled appointment was 23.8 days. The no-show rate was 7%. CONCLUSIONS The seizure questionnaire effectively identified seizures and other disorders in a diverse population of high-risk children. Broader use of this low-cost screening tool could improve access to care for children with suspected seizures, increase seizure recognition, and help allocate resources more effectively.Cryphonectria parasitica is the causal agent of chestnut blight, a fungal disease that almost entirely eliminated mature American chestnut from North America over a 50-year period. Here we formally report the genome of C. parasitica EP155 using a Sanger shotgun sequencing approach. After finishing and integration with SSR markers, the assembly was 43.8 Mb in 26 scaffolds (L50=5; N50=4.0Mb). Eight chromosomes are predicted five scaffolds have two telomeres and six scaffolds have one telomere sequence. A total of 11,609 gene models were predicted, of which 85% show similarities to other proteins. This genome resource has already increased the utility of a fundamental plant pathogen experimental system through new understanding of the fungal vegetative incompatibility system, with significant implications for enhancing mycovirus-based biological control.BACKGROUND Gaps persist in HIV testing, treatment, and prevention services for men, leading to higher attributable mortality compared to women. We sought to characterise HIV prevention knowledge, risk behaviours, and interest in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among young men in rural South Africa. METHODS We conducted interviews with HIV-negative heterosexual men which were thematically analysed to identify key themes. RESULTS Among 31 participants, median age was 26 (IQR23-31), 77% were unemployed, 52% reported previous STI, 84% reported casual sexual partners. Men acknowledged inconsistent condom use with multiple partners, reporting high-risk sexual behaviour despite recognised risk. Mistrust between partners was common. Respondents reported willingness to take PrEP to protect themselves and their partner, though anticipated stigma and structural barriers. Men worried that if their female partner had PrEP, she would become sexually active with others. CONCLUSIONS In rural South Africa, young heterosexual men acknowledged high HIV-risk behaviour, expressed concern about acquiring HIV, and recognised the value of PrEP. Men were often not supportive of their female partners taking PrEP. Implementing HIV prevention services needs to incorporate young men's perspectives and may require gender-specific interventions, including addressing stigma, differentiated service delivery models such as community-based services or adapting facility services to target men.ABSTACTAim The present study aimed to investigate the effect of rose sirup and marigold powder on the physicochemical properties, bioactive potential, sensory acceptability and storage life of the nutricereals (finger millet, oats) and milk-based functional beverage (FB).Method Preliminary trials were performed using different levels of rose sirup (8-14%) and marigold powder (0.40-0.55%) in the pre-standardized FB. The most acceptable concentration was selected on the basis of sensory analysis. Selected beverages were then subjected to the physicochemical analysis, assessment of bioactive compounds and FTIR characterization. The effect of flower extracts on the mineral content and storage life (4 ± 1 °C) of beverages was also studied. The significant difference in treatments was determined using Duncan's multiple range test, SPSS 25.0.Results The best acceptable concentrations for rose sirup and marigold powder were 10% and 0.50%, respectively. selleckchem A significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in the dietary fiber (6.50%) and β-glucan (3.95%) content was observed on the addition of rose sirup. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the total phenols (119.18-145.23%), β-carotene (0.37%), anthocyanins (78.82-230.58%) and antioxidant activity (4.98-7.17%) was observed on the addition of flower extracts. Strong peaks were observed in the regions of 3600-3200, 3000-2800 and 1700-1600 cm - 1 on FTIR characterization. A significant decrease in the mineral content of FB was also found on the addition of rose sirup. Rose flavored beverage had the highest overall acceptability (7.83 ± 0.23) and storage stability (50 days at refrigerated storage) among the prepared beverages.Conclusion The addition of flower extracts significantly improved the acceptability of the prepared beverages. It not only improved the phytochemical profile but also had a substantial impact on storage stability.Aims Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) has a substantial impact on costs and patients' quality of life. In this study we aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), cardiac resynchronisation therapy pacemakers (CRT-P), cardiac resynchronisation therapy defibrillators (CRT-D), and optimal pharmacologic therapy (OPT) in patients with HFrEF, from a US payer perspective.Materials and Methods The analyses were conducted by adapting the UK-based cost-effectiveness analyses (CEA) to the US payer perspective by incorporating real world evidence (RWE) on baseline hospitalization risk and Medicare-specific costs. The CEA was based on regression equations estimated from data from 13 randomized clinical trials (N = 12,638). Risk equations were used to predict all-cause mortality, hospitalization rates, health-related quality of life and device-specific treatment effects (vs. OPT). These equations included the following prognostic characteristics age, QRS dnst as compared to OPT, ICD and CRT-P, from a US payer perspective.John Fowler, Educational Consultant, explores how to survive your nursing career.Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, considers the issue of poor physical and mental health in the context of the complaints process, just culture and workplace support.Soft silicone's flexibility, adhesive capacity and non-toxic, non-odourous and hypoallergenic nature have made it an established material for adhesive and protective therapeutic devices. In wound care, silicone is a component of contact layer dressings for superficial wounds and silicone gel sheeting for reducing the risk of scarring, as well as of barriers for incontinence-associated dermatitis. Regarding stoma accessories, silicone is established in barrier films to prevent contact dermatitis, adhesive removers to prevent skin stripping and filler gels to prevent appliance leaks. Until recently, silicone has not been used in stoma appliances flanges, as its hydrophobic nature has not allowed for moisture management to permit trans-epidermal water loss and prevent maceration. Traditional hydrocolloid appliances manage moisture by absorbing water, but this can lead to saturation and moisture-associated skin damage (MASD), as well as increased adhesion and resultant skin tears on removal, known as medical adhesive-related skin injury (MARSI).