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Then using lipidomic data obtained from partially synchronised cultures of HeLa cells we are able to demonstrate that these same 16 lipid species drive the changes in membrane order observed around the cell cycle. Our findings in this study suggest, when compared with our previous work, that cells maintain both membrane order and membrane intrinsic curvature within tight conditions.A new optical scattering contrast-agent based on polymer-nanoparticle encapsulated silver nanoplates (PESNs) is presented. Silver nanoplates were chosen due to the flexibility of tuning their plasmon frequencies. The polymer coating preserves their physical and optical properties and confers other advantages such as controlled contrast agent delivery. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations model the interaction of light with the nanoplates in different orientations in the cluster. Hyperspectral dark field microscopy (HYDFM) observes the scattering spectra of the PESNs. An unsupervised sequential maximum angle convex cone (SMACC) image analysis resolves spectral endmembers corresponding to different stacking orientations of the nanoplates. The orientation-dependent endmembers qualitatively agree with the FDTD results. For contrast enhancement, the uptake and spatial distribution of PESNs are demonstrated by an HYDFM study of single melanoma cells to result in an enhanced contrast of up to 400%. A supervised spatial mapping of the endmembers obtained by the unsupervised SMACC algorithm reveals spatial distributions of PESNs with various clustering orientations of encapsulated nanoplates. Our study demonstrates tunability in plasmonics properties in clustered metal nanoparticles and its utility for the development of scatter-based imaging contrast agents for a broad range of applications, including studies of single cells and other biomedical systems.

Mineral and bone disease (CKD-MBD), disorders of mineral metabolism, is associated with mortality and cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients. However, the associations among time average mineral values (P, Ca and PTH) and clinical outcomes are not well investigated.

This study examines the associations among mineral values and clinical outcomes from a single medical center.

Adult patients who initiate hemodialysis in Taoyuan General Hospital from 2008 to 2013 were enrolled. We examined these associations using baseline and time-average model. The clinical outcomes included mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and cardiovascular events. We also examined the association between achieve K/DOQI guidelines' targets and clinical outcomes.

From a total of 284 hemodialysis patients, none of the baseline mineral values is associated with mortality and cardiovascular event, except hyperphosphatemia. Compared to patients achieved K/DOQI guidelines' targets, time average hyperphosphatemia is associated with MACE and first cardiovascular event [the adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) are 6.343 and 3.278); whereas time average hypercalcemia is associated with MACE marginally (the AHR is 5.964). None of above clinical outcomes is related to hyperparathyroidism. The AHRs for mortality in those who only met PTH targets and none of the mineral value targets are 1.73 and 1.74, whereas the AHRs for cardiovascular events in those who met only Ca, only PTH, and none of the targets are 1.73, 1.81 and 2.54 (all ps < 0.05).

Time-average phosphate is associated with cardiovascular events after initiation of dialysis. Among mineral values, serum phosphate is still the strongest predictor for mortality and cardiovascular events.

Time-average phosphate is associated with cardiovascular events after initiation of dialysis. Among mineral values, serum phosphate is still the strongest predictor for mortality and cardiovascular events.

Vesicular transdermal delivery can enhance the bioavailability of a drug especially affected by first-pass metabolism, e.g. nitrendipine. However effective transdermal delivery employs permeation enhancer, e.g oleic acid (OA) with ceramide 2, stearic acid, behenic acid, and cholesteryl sulfate lipid complex.

This study investigated the preparation, characterization of physicochemical properties, ex vivo permeation using human skin, pharmacokinetic parameters and antihypertensive potential in rats, of nitrendipine-loaded nanovesicles of ceramide 2, stearic acid, behenic acid and cholesteryl sulfate containing oleic acid gel (NOVG).

The nanovesicles were made using film hydration method and characterized for physicochemical properties, ex vivo permeation using human skin, pharmacokinetic parameters and antihypertensive potential.

Nitrendipine-loaded nanovesicles of ceramide-2 containing oleic acid (NOV-5) have shown fluxes in the range of 4.88-24.72 μg/cm(2)/h nitrendipine oral suspension (NOS) at equal dose. NOVG-5 has shown almost 33% reduction in blood pressure in the first hour and a further decrease of 25% in the second hour to restore the normal pressure.

The permeation increases with increase in OA content. OA gets integrated in vesicle wall and enhances its permeability, whereas ceramide content makes sure that skin does not become damaged even after permeation.

NOVG-5 has shown the most favorable physicochemical properties and good permeation through skin providing good management of hypertension during crucial initial hours.

NOVG-5 has shown the most favorable physicochemical properties and good permeation through skin providing good management of hypertension during crucial initial hours.

Curcumin, a dietary compound from turmeric, has potent antimetastatic effects; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects and mechanisms of curcumin on lymphangiogenesis (formation of new lymphatic vessels), which plays a critical role in tumor metastasis.

Curcumin inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) induced lymphangiogenesis in a Matrigel plug assay in mice, and VEGF-C induced tube formation in human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells, demonstrating its antilymphangiogenic action in vivo and in vitro. Curcumin inhibited lymphangiogenesis, in part through suppression of proliferation, cell-cycle progression and migration of lymphatic endothelial cells, while it had little effect on matrix metalloproteinase activities. Curcumin inhibited expressions of VEGF receptors (VEGFR2 and VEGFR3), as well as downstream signaling such as phosphorylation of ERK and FAK. Finally, curcumin sulfate and curcumin glucuronide, which are two major metabolites of curcumin in vivo, had little inhibitory effect on proliferation of human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells.

Our results demonstrate that curcumin inhibits lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, which could contribute to the antimetastatic effects of curcumin.

Our results demonstrate that curcumin inhibits lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, which could contribute to the antimetastatic effects of curcumin.Elemental analysis of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) has been shown to be useful in differentiating skeletal and nonskeletal material. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) is an attractive, nondestructive technique for forensic anthropologists, and the development of portable XRF instrumentation is promising for field applications. This study examines the performance of handheld XRF instrumentation operated in air compared to a traditional benchtop XRF device that has the ability to control the analysis atmosphere. Both instruments can be used to effectively distinguish skeletal from nonskeletal remains. However, as the measurement atmosphere affects detection levels for calcium and phosphorus, Ca/P ratios obtained from the instruments and analysis conditions were found to differ significantly, with analyses conducted in air showing significantly lower phosphorus detection. Consequently, comparison of Ca/P ratios to conclude skeletal versus nonskeletal origin must be based on data collected under similar analysis conditions.The primary splenic angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive tumor. Diagnose primarily in adults over 40 years. There were less than ten pediatric cases reported. A 13-year-old presented to the emergency with left upper quadrant pain. Laboratory results revealed anemia (11.3 g / dL) with normal platelets (166. 109 / L). A heterogeneous formation with a major axis of 5 cm has been identified on the scan of the abdomen. Splenectomy by a laparotomy was performed, and angiosarcoma Primary splenic was discovered. Seven months later, a scanner control showed no progressive disease, in particular, no liver metastases. She is currently alive without signs of progression. check details The primary splenic angiosarcoma is almost universally fatal, despite treatment. The best chance of survival is early diagnosis and splenectomy before the breaking of the spleen.Measurement of thyrotropin and free thyroxin made using immunoassays are usually needed in clinical endocrinology. Here, we report a case of a patient with type 2 diabetes who presented a weight loss. To eliminate hyperthyroidism, thyroid function tests were performed. Free thyroxin (FT4) was decreased using two automated immunoassays TOSOH AIA 1800 and Roche ELECSYS 2010, with a normal thyrotropin value. Thyroid function tests repeated a month later were normal. The patient's history revealed contact with sheep, which may partly explain the interference. Investigations into the patient's serum were carried out using both the PEG test and dilution test. Interference factors were probably antibodies. Despite progress in immunoassays, we should be aware of interference occurrence since it can lead to false results, unnecessary investigations and incorrect treatment. Thus, simple tests must be carried out as if interference in immunoassays were suspected. Dilutions and PEG tests are generally performed as first line investigations.Pulmonary mucormycosis is a rare, devastating, opportunistic fungal infection, caused by the ubiquitous filamentous fungi of the Mucorales order of the class of Zygomycetes. This infection occurs principally in some particular conditions, specially in diabetic patients and immunocompromised host, and rarely in cirrhotic patients. The diagnosis of mucormycosis can only be confirmed by pathological and mycological examination of biopsy specimens. We report a case of pulmonary mucormycosis in a 68-year-old woman with underlying liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus. Endoscopic and radiologic findings supported the diagnosis of hydatid cyst of the lung. The patient underwent surgical resection and was started on amphotericin B, after pathological examination. Unfortunately, she succumbed to the infection within one month of surgery.We report a case of Lymphocytic Lymphoma presenting with primary manifestation in the prostate. A 82 year-old man presented to emergency department with acute urinary retention. Digital rectal examination revealed a voluminous and firm prostate. Histology confirmed involvement of the prostate by small B Lymphocytic Lymphoma. The patient was treated with chlorambucil. Lymphocytic infiltration of prostate is a rare manifestation. However this may also be the first sign of an undiagnosed lymphoma. This observation shows that the prostatic lymphoma must be considered among the causes of low urinary retention.