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The findings provide deeper insights and management implications for the carbon market from a new perspective.Since 2014, Mexican Caribbean coasts have experienced an atypical massive arrival of pelagic Sargassum accumulated on the shores triggers economic losses, public health problems, and ecosystem damaging near the coastline. Mechanical harvesting has been implemented ending in landfills. Since Sargassum algae represent abundant biomass in tropical regions of the world, it has shown potential as a feedstock to supply bioprocesses focused on obtaining high-value compounds and bioproducts. Nevertheless, there is a lack of data on the biochemical composition of Sargassum biomass from Mexican Caribbean coasts to propose valorization pathways. This study conducted a biochemical and elemental characterization of Sargassum biomass and compared, through statistical analysis, the effect of the season (dry and wet), place of collection (from the beach and shallow water), and method of extraction (Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Enzyme Assisted Extraction) on biomass composition. The biomass composition, expressed in dry weight basis, revealed 5-7% moisture content, 24-31 % ash, 2.6-3.8 % lipids, 1.8-7.0 %, total carbohydrates, 3-11 % total proteins, 1.5-2.31 mgGAg-1 total phenolic compounds (TPC), 2.7-2.9 kcal g-1 calorific power, and metals such as As (30-146.3 ppm), Fe (16.5-45 ppm), P (197-472 ppm). The most influential factor on the compositional content of Sargassum biomass was the season of the year, followed by the extraction method and the place of collection of Sargassum. These results will elucidate information on the biotechnological potential of Sargassum biomass from the Mexican Caribbean, contributing to sustainability challenges of the region, minimizing waste, and making the most of resources.Marine spatial planning (MSP) is to manage incompatible functional use for achieving spatial homogeneity in sea. However most MSP strategies focus on single-target sea use demand ignoring multiple-conflicts of different demands. Thus, this study develops a spatial management model and quantitatively recognizes two types of spatial conflicts among eight sea use functions in the Zhejiang coasts, China. Under the simulation of three different management scenarios including independent, joint and overall-value managements respectively, we further propose a conflict optimization scheme in the scenarios of sea uses with different intensities, different types of sea use combinations, and different site selection. Most importantly, this study demonstrates the spatial management model is a powerful and efficient tool for spatial multiple-conflicts trade-off and matching sea use demands under the practical approach of marine functional zoning (MFC) in China.The aim of this study was to analyse how to ensure that medium- and long-term waste recovery goals can be achieved in Brazilian cities, based on the incorporation of viable and accessible technology. The identification of the strengths of the Brazilian cities with better (dry and wet) waste recovery rates allowed different strategies to be proposed for João Pessoa (the city selected as a case study). Those strategies were based on the improvement of (1) the selective collection of the recyclable dry waste fraction, (2) the material recovery facility to increase the recovery of recyclable dry waste fraction to be recycled and/or wet waste fraction to be composted, and finally (3) the working conditions of waste workers. A combination of these improvement strategies at two different levels of implementation (partial and total) allowed the definition of 14 alternative scenarios, which were analysed from an eco-efficiency perspective (environmental vs. economic). After analysing the evolution over time of the alternative scenarios proposed, the proposal that was finally selected was based on the initial implementation of a mechanical biological and composting facility capable of handling up to 50% of the mixed municipal solid waste collected by 2023 with a material recovery efficiency of 30%. From there, the efficiency of the mechanical biological and composting facility should increase up to 60% to achieve the waste recovery goals by 2034 (management of 60% of the mixed waste collected). This rate has not yet been reached in any of the Brazilian mechanical biological and composting facilities analysed, so the reduction in the amount of waste generated and the increase in the selective separation of waste at source are identified as key elements to be able to fulfil the long-term goals. see more The approach used in the case study provides guidelines for application in other geographical contexts.Static single-path assessment methods usually underestimate the lake basin pressure (LBP). Considering the cumulative transmission of multiple paths, how to assess the dynamic changes of LBP and reveal the driving evolution is not clear. Here, taking Hulun, Daihai and Wuliangsuhai lake basins in the cold and arid region as the study case, we established an LBP assessment method that coupled multiple driving paths. For the first time, this study reveals the dynamic and driving evolution of LBP and found that rapid economic development and accelerated urbanization dramatically increased the LBPs in the three lakes. Specifically, the LBPs in the three lake basins has increased by 90%-270 % in the past 32 years, and they experienced a stable stage driven by climate (1987-1992), followed by a slight increasing stage driven by agriculture (1993-2004) and finally a significant increase stage (2005-2018) driven by industry and urbanization. Different degrees of warming, populations and development intensities of agriculture and livestock were the main factors driving the spatial differences in LBPs in the three lake basins. The LBPs in the Hulun, Daihai and Wuliangsuhai Lake Basins exhibited phase driving, continuous driving and ineffective driving characteristics to the water environment changes, respectively, which were related to lake basin governance. Compared with the driving paths of water quality and water quantity, the LBP was most strongly transmitted through the water ecological path. Rapid economic development and accelerated urbanization will bring greater LBPs to the lake basins. Lake management should promote the construction of water environmental protection mechanisms that correspond to urbanization, such as land use, and continue to strengthen watershed governance to alleviate the impact of LBP, especially the impact on the service functions of water ecosystem. Our method quantified the LBPs that were transmitted from different driving paths and provided action priorities for watershed management.The study deals with the pyrolysis of sewage sludge to produce eco-friendly and sustainable fuels along with value-added biochar products. The experiments were conducted in a fixed-bed cylindrical glass reactor in the temperature range of 250-700 °C and achieved the product yield of 22.4 wt% bio-oil, 18.9 wt % pyrolysis gases, and 58.7 wt% biochar at 500 °C optimum temperature. The chemical composition of bio-oil was investigated by gas chromatograph-mass spectroscopy and fourier transformation infrared techniques. The ASTM standard procedures were used to assess the fuel qualities of bio-oil, and they were found to be satisfactory. Bio-oil has a greater H/C ratio (3.49) and a lower O/C ratio (1.10), indicating that it is suitable for engine use. The gas chromatographic analysis of pyrolysis gases confirmed the presence of 41.16 wt % combustible gases, making it suitable for use in spark-ignition engines. X-ray fluorescence analysis of biochar showed that it had a good amount of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium along with some micro-and macro-nutrient which proves its potential to utilize as organic manure in the agriculture sector. In addition, the data obtained from the TGA analysis during the pyrolysis of sewage sludge was applied to calculate kinetic parameters via the Coats-Redfern method.This research aims to achieve a holistic understanding of the current IoT scenario by conducting a comparative analysis of the prevailing literature regarding IoT applications in the agricultural domain. Also, it proposes a framework for IoT adoption in the case sector. A systematic literature review was conducted with a methodology that focused on scientific articles authored in the English language that were published in peer-reviewed journals in the last five years. Initially, 179 research papers were extracted from the SCOPUS database and finally, 82 relevant articles were considered for the study which were classified into various categories and studied thoroughly. Based on a comprehensive survey of the selected articles four research questions were identified and successfully addressed. The results highlighted that research efforts pertaining to IoT applications of agriculture have matured from their initial conceptual stage and now reached the implementation phase. Also, it was observed that Machine Learning based algorithms were utilized extensively in recent research studies. For the first time, an exhaustive study has been conducted holistically to comprehend the recent advances in the field of IoT applications for the agricultural sector.
To discover what is known about how nursing students acquire delegation skills.
A systematic search was conducted utilising databases CINAHL, AMED, MedLine, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PsychArticles, PubMed Central and Science Direct. The objectives were to conduct a systematic literature review of the available literature on how nursing students acquire delegation skills; to identify factors that promote synthesis of delegation skills into clinical practice and understand how students learn these skills; and to identify any gaps in the literature.
Fifteen papers, which use a range of methodologies, were included in the review. The author identified that acquiring delegation skills is an ongoing process and cannot be fully learnt during a single intervention. Furthermore that there are multiple factors that may promote the acquisition of this skill. These include simulation, clinical practice and theoretical curriculum. Delegation links to other skills such as critical thinking, decision making, prioritisation and communication.
Delegation should not be considered in isolation to these underpinning skills. Furthermore, it is evident that delegation is an often-misunderstood concept and something that newly qualified nurses feel unprepared for. It is therefore vital that preregistration nursing education (as well as other pre- and post-qualification training) incorporate the development of this essential skill.
Delegation should not be considered in isolation to these underpinning skills. Furthermore, it is evident that delegation is an often-misunderstood concept and something that newly qualified nurses feel unprepared for. It is therefore vital that preregistration nursing education (as well as other pre- and post-qualification training) incorporate the development of this essential skill.
The ultimate value of learning lies in the transfer of knowledge to real-life settings. The gap between knowledge and practice can be described as the disconnection between acquired knowledge, the skills learned in nursing school, and those skills needed to practice safely and independently. This is a concerning issue that needs to be investigated deeply to address all the circumstances and factors contributing to the gap.
To reveal the full range of factors leading to the knowledge-practice gap in nursing by means of a thorough survey of the most recent evidence and updates.
An integrative review design was selected. Three data bases (MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus and ERIC) were searched electronically for research articles from 2009 up to June 2020 on the gap between knowledge and practice. The 406 articles that appeared were appraised for inclusion or exclusion using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for qualitative research.
Eight qualitative studies were included in the review, which identified three major themes and subthemes.
