Haldsandberg6940

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of perioperative pregabalin on pain behavior in dogs after intervertebral disc surgery. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial with a blinded observer. ANIMALS Forty-six client-owned dogs undergoing intervertebral disc surgery. METHODS Dogs were randomly assigned to two groups, with the placebo group receiving opioids alone and the pregabalin group receiving opioids plus pregabalin. Opioid analgesia consisted of 0.6 mg/kg l-methadone given intravenously at anesthetic induction, followed by 0.2 mg/kg given at 8, 16, and 24 hours after extubation and fentanyl patches applied at the end of surgery. Pregabalin was given orally (4 mg/kg) 1 hour before anesthesia, followed by postoperative treatment three times per day (4 mg/kg) for 5 days. The outcome measures were the treatment-group differences in peri-incisional mechanical sensitivity and Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS-SF) assessed during the first 5 postoperative days. Pregabalin serum concentrations were measured after 24, 72, and 120 hours. RESULTS Pregabalin reduced pain levels in the treatment group by a mean of 2.5 CMPS-SF units (95% confidence interval [CI] = -3.19 to -1.83, P  less then  .001) compared with the control group during the study period. Pregabalin increased the mechanical nociceptive threshold by a mean of 6.89 N per day (95% CI = 1.87-11.92, P  less then  .001) and of 7.52 N per day (95% CI = 2.29-12.77, P  less then  .001) during the study period, depending on location. Mean levels of serum pregabalin were 5.1, 4.71, and 3.68 μg/mL at 24, 72, and 120 hours postoperatively, respectively. CONCLUSION Postoperative signs of pain after surgical treatment of intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) were reduced when dogs received perioperative pregabalin rather than opioids alone. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Perioperative pregabalin reduces postoperative pain after surgical treatment of IVDH. © 2020 The American College of Veterinary Surgeons.RNA bulges represent one of the most common motifs in RNA secondary structure and serve in a variety of biological functions. Compounds stabilizing RNA bulges are important for probing RNA structure and function and therapy of some diseases. Here, we investigated the ability of a series of enantiomeric pairs of optically pure bimetallic metallohelices with different flexible linkers to target various RNA bulges. The results show that binding affinities of the metallohelices to bulged RNA differ and strongly depend on the size of the bulge and the base composition of the bulge loop. Notably, the shorter, more compact, and less flexible metallohelices bind to RNA bulges most efficiently and selectively. Interestingly, the ability of the metallohelices to bind to RNA bulges correlates with their previously reported antimicrobial activity, which suggests that the selective recognition of bulged regions in RNA by the metallohelices might also contribute to their biological activity. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Electromyography (EMG) biofeedback (BF) training is potentially an effective cognitive-behavioral approach to regulate bruxism. OBJECTIVE This study examined sleep bruxism regulation by daytime clenching control using a single-channel auditory EMG BF device. METHODS Seventeen male subjects (mean age, 24.4 ± 3.1 years; mean ± SD) with self-reported awake/sleep bruxism were recruited and divided into a BF (n = 10) and a control (CO) group (n = 7). All subjects underwent four EMG recording sessions during both daytime and sleep over 3 weeks. During the daytime, in week 2, the BF group received feedback alert signals when excessive EMG activity with certain burst duration was detected while the subjects performed regular daily activities. The CO group underwent EMG recording sessions without receiving any alerts of parafunctional activity. The number of phasic burst events during sleep was compared between the BF and CO groups. RESULTS While the number of phasic EMG events was not significantly different between the BF and CO groups at baseline, significantly smaller phasic and tonic events were observed in the BF compared to the CO group at the follow-up session (week 3) (p = 0.006, Tukey's HSD). Since daytime BF training is aimed at raising awareness of awake bruxism, it does not interrupt the sleep sequence or involve associated side effects. CONCLUSION The present results suggest that EMG BF targeting tonic EMG events during the daytime can be an effective method to regulate phasic EMG events during sleep. This article is protected by copyright. selleck kinase inhibitor All rights reserved.Increasing evidences highlight the importance of DEAD-box RNA helicases in plant development and stress responses. In a previous study, we characterized the tomato res mutant (restored cell structure by salinity), showing chlorosis and development alterations that reverted under salt-stress conditions. Map-based cloning demonstrates that RES gene encodes SlDEAD39, a chloroplast-targeted DEAD-box RNA helicase. Constitutive expression of SlDEAD39 complements the res mutation, while the silencing lines had a similar phenotype than res mutant, which is also reverted under salinity. Functional analysis of res mutant proved SlDEAD39 is involved in the in vivo processing of the chloroplast, 23S rRNA, at the hidden break-B site, a feature also supported by in vitro binding experiments of the protein. In addition, our results show that other genes coding for chloroplast-targeted DEAD-box proteins are induced by salt-stress, which might explain the rescue of the res mutant phenotype. Interestingly, salinity restored the phenotype of res adult plants by increasing their sugar content and fruit yield. Together, these results propose an unprecedented role of a DEAD-box RNA helicase in regulating plant development and stress response through the proper ribosome and chloroplast functioning, which, in turn, represents a potential target to improve salt tolerance in tomato crops. © 2020 The Authors. Plant, Cell & Environment published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.