Beannorman1807
Whereas non-Helicobacter pylori helicobacters, which are frequently detected in the stomachs of dogs and cats as a source of zoonoses, have attracted considerable attention, the role of pets in H.pylori epidemiology is unclear. In our previous study, an H.pylori infection was detected in the stomach of a dog (Dog 1). Here, we investigated the H.pylori infection status in the female offspring of Dog 1 (Dog 2) and its owner within the same household.
Biopsy specimens were obtained from the dog's owner and tested for H.pylori. DNA from gastric biopsy samples of Dog 1, gastric fluid sediment of Dog 2, and bacteria from the stomach of the owner was obtained, and Helicobacter genus- and species-specific PCRs were performed. Then, sequence analyses of the partial region of the ureAB gene were conducted.
Samples from both dogs and the owner reacted positively in the genus-specific PCR and negative in the Helicobacter felis-, Helicobacter bizzozeronii-, and Helicobacter heilmannii sensu stricto-specific PCRs. All three samples also reacted positively in the H.pylori-specific PCR. Sequences of the partial ureAB gene from all subjects were identical.
The results suggested that the two dogs and their owner were infected with an identical H.pylori strain. This report is the first to demonstrate that H.pylori can be transmitted between humans and dogs. Further studies are required to investigate the risk factors for the transmission of H.pylori between humans and dogs from the perspective of preventive epidemiology.
The results suggested that the two dogs and their owner were infected with an identical H. pylori strain. This report is the first to demonstrate that H. pylori can be transmitted between humans and dogs. Further studies are required to investigate the risk factors for the transmission of H. pylori between humans and dogs from the perspective of preventive epidemiology.Autophagy-dependent cell death is a prominent mechanism that majorly contributes to homeostasis by maintaining the turnover of organelles under stressful conditions. NVP-AEW541 manufacturer Several viruses, including coronaviruses (CoVs), take advantage of cellular autophagy to facilitate their own replication. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a beta-coronavirus (β-CoVs) that mediates its replication through a dependent or independent ATG5 pathway using specific double-membrane vesicles that can be considered as similar to autophagosomes. With due attention to several mutations in NSP6, a nonstructural protein with a positive regulatory effect on autophagosome formation, a potential correlation between SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis mechanisms and autophagy can be expected. Certain medications, albeit limited in number, have been indicated to negatively regulate autophagy flux, potentially in a way similar to the inhibitory effect of β-CoVs on the process of autophagy. However, there is no conclusive evidence to support their direct antagonizing effect on CoVs. Off-target accumulation of a major fraction of FDA-approved autophagy modulating drugs may result in adverse effects. Therefore, medications that have modulatory effects on autophagy could be considered as potential lead compounds for the development of new treatments against this virus. This review discusses the role of autophagy/virophagy in controlling SARS-CoV-2, focusing on the potential therapeutic implications.
Survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has been associated with tumor mutational status, muscle loss, and weight loss. We sought to explore the combined effects of these variables on overall survival.
We performed an observational cohort study, prospectively enrolling patients receiving chemotherapy for mCRC. We retrospectively assessed changes in muscle (using computed tomography) and weight, each dichotomized as >5% or ≤5% loss, at 3, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis of mCRC. We used regression models to assess relationships between tumor mutational status, muscle loss, weight loss, and overall survival. Additionally, we evaluated associations between muscle loss, weight loss, and tumor mutational status.
We included 226 patients (mean age 59 ± 13 years, 53% male). Tumor mutational status included 44% wild type, 42% RAS-mutant, and 14% BRAF-mutant. Patients with >5% muscle loss at 3 and 12 months experienced worse survival controlling for mutational status and weight (3 moween weight loss and overall survival. These findings suggest that muscle quantification on serial computed tomography may refine survival estimates in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer beyond mutational status.
5% skeletal muscle at 3 and 12 months after the diagnosis of metastatic disease was associated with worse overall survival, independent of tumor mutational status and weight loss. Interestingly, results did not show a significant association between weight loss and overall survival. These findings suggest that muscle quantification on serial computed tomography may refine survival estimates in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer beyond mutational status.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert a significant role in carcinogenesis. lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 is detected in many tumors and is considered as an oncogene. The expression and mechanism of KCNQ1OT1 in retinoblastoma (Rb) are not clearly elucidated.
KCNQ1OT1, miR-134 and TRIM44 mRNA expression were examined by a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Proliferation, migration and invasion of Weri-Rb1 and Y79 cells were tested by cell counting kit-8, colony formation, scratch and transwell assays. Meanwhile, the regulatory relationships among KCNQ1OT1, miR-134 and TRIM44 were clarified by several biological experiments, including dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, subcellular distribution, qRT-PCR and western blotting.
lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 was up-regulated in Rb tissues and Rb cell lines. In addition, the expression of KCNQ1OT1 was negatively correlated with the disease-free survival rate of RB patients. Silencing KCNQ1OT1 could significantly inhibit the RB progression in vivo and in vitro. The analysis of the mechanism of KCNQ1OT1 showed that KCNQ1OT1 can sponge miR-134, and miR-134 may inhibit TRIM44 expression. Moreover, the rescue assays showed that KCNQ1OT1 promoted RB progression by regulating the miR-134/TRIM44 pathway.
The present study indicates that a new KCNQ1OT1/miR-134/TRIM44 pathway regulates Rb progression. It may be used as a potential prognostic marker for Rb.
The present study indicates that a new KCNQ1OT1/miR-134/TRIM44 pathway regulates Rb progression. It may be used as a potential prognostic marker for Rb.
High amplitude peristaltic esophageal contractions, that is, nutcracker esophagus, were originally described in association with "angina-like pain" of esophageal origin. However, significant number of nutcracker patients also suffer from dysphagia. High-resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) assesses only the contraction phase of peristalsis. The degree of esophageal distension during peristalsis is a surrogate of relaxation and can be measured from the intraluminal esophageal impedance measurements.
Determine the amplitude of distension and temporal relationship between distension and contraction during swallow-induced peristalsis in nutcracker patients.
HRM impedance (HRMZ) studies were performed and analyzed in 24 nutcracker and 30 normal subjects in the Trendelenburg position. A custom-built software calculated the numerical data of the amplitudes of distension and contraction, the area under the curve (AUC) of distension and contraction, and the temporal relationship between distension and contraction.
In normal subjects, the distension peaks similar to contraction traverse sequentially the esophagus. The amplitude of contraction is greater in the nutcracker esophagus but the amplitude of distension and area under the curve of distension are smaller in patients compared to controls. Distension peaks are aligned closely with contraction in normal subjects, but in patients, the bolus travels faster to the distal esophagus, resulting in a smaller time interval between the onset of swallow and distension peak. Receiver operative characteristics (ROC) curve reveals high sensitivity and specificity of the above parameters in patients.
Abnormalities in the distension phase of peristalsis are a possible mechanism of dysphagia in patients with nutcracker esophagus.
Abnormalities in the distension phase of peristalsis are a possible mechanism of dysphagia in patients with nutcracker esophagus.
Pediatric Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is common and can be associated with disabling gastrointestinal symptoms. Comprehensive data regarding utilization and cost of pediatric IBS are lacking. Our aim was to determine the annual all-cause spending and healthcare utilization in pediatric IBS.
Cross-sectional cohort study using a national claims database of commercially insured individuals. 932,592 members, age 8-18years, were included. Members were selected based on PheWas codes and continuous enrollment in 2014. Linear and binomial regression models were used to calculate healthcare spending and compare comorbidities between IBS subjects and controls.
1215 members with claims for IBS (68.4% female) and 931,377 controls (55.7% female) were included. Mean age was 15.03±2.83 (median 16) years in the IBS group and 13.14±3.12 (median 13) years in controls. Mental health and chronic pain comorbidities were more prevalent in the IBS cohort. Healthcare spending The mean annual all-cause incremental spending of members with IBS was $6,364.60 compared to controls when adjusting for age and gender. Healthcare utilization Members with IBS had increased healthcare utilization including higher rates of inpatient, outpatient, and emergency room visits, and higher rates of health service utilization including medical care, radiology/laboratory services, surgery, anesthesia, mental health, and physical therapy. General pediatrics was more frequently consulted by controls. All subspecialty consultations, with the exception of dental medicine and endocrinology, were sought more frequently by IBS patients.
Patients with IBS incur significant annual spending through increased healthcare utilization.
Patients with IBS incur significant annual spending through increased healthcare utilization.
We aim to report the accuracy of linking data from a non-government-held clinical quality registry to national claims data and identify associated sources of systematic bias.
Patients with stroke or transient ischaemic attack admitted to hospitals participating in the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry (AuSCR) were linked with Medicare and medication dispensings through the Australian Medicare enrolment file (MEF). The proportion of registrants in the datasets was calculated and factors associated with a non-merge assessed using multivariable analyses.
A total of 17,980 AuSCR registrants (January 2010 - July 2014) were submitted for linkage (median age 76 years; 46% female; 67% ischaemic stroke); the proportion merged was 97% MEF, 93% Medicare and 95% medication dispensings. Data from registrants born in Asia were less likely to link with the MEF (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 0.20; 95%Confidence Interval [CI] 0.15, 0.27). Data for those aged 85-plus compared to those under 65 years were less likely to merge with Medicare (aOR 0.
