Kentkold5962

BACKGROUND Hyperbaric oxygenation therapy (HBOT) is used as emergency treatment for decompression sickness, gas embolism, carbon monoxide intoxication, necrotizing fasciitis. There is low evidence and little clinical knowledge about treating children with HBOT. METHODS We sent an internet-based questionnaire to HBO centers in Europe to gain information about their experience with children and HBOT. RESULTS Out of all HBO-centers who participated in the questionnaire 90 % treat children analogue to adults with regard to indication and HBOT protocol. Most treated children had life- threatening indications or the risk of organ loss. The reported rate of side effects was 6.8 % anxiety, 2.4 % barotrauma, 0.9 % seizure, 0.2 % retinopathy and no case of pulmonary barotrauma or oxygen toxicity. CONCLUSIONS HBO therapy for children is present in European HBO centers. The rate of severe side effects is as low to the rates in adults; apart from this, oxygen-related seizures and anxiety are more frequent. A special focus seems necessary on the psychological management of the children, because anxiety is common depending on the age of the children. Especially for smaller children an adequate psychological support seems essential. Prospective observational or controlled studies in children seem necessary to create relevant clinical evidence for HBOT and to observe the rate of side-effects.BACKGROUND Literature states that parents of individuals affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can present social and cognitive deficits, restricted behavior patterns and psychiatric difficulties, without meeting standard diagnostic criteria for ASD ("Broader Autism Phenotype"). We explored the relationship between parenting of children affected by ASD and levels of empathy and lack of emotion understanding (alexithymia). METHODS We enlisted 58 families in which a child was affected by ASD. Parents' empathy and alexithymia were respectively assessed by means of Empathy Quotient (EQ) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). DNA Damage inhibitor Additionally, we included the assessment of the perception of children's behavior through the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). RESULTS Our findings suggest that most parents have normal empathy and do not show significant alexithymia. We found lower EQ and higher TAS-20 scores being more frequent in fathers. Moreover, each parent's empathy degree negatively relates to his/her alexithymia and vice versa, showing that these two features are inversely correlated. Our study unveiled a strong correlation between maternal empathy and alexithymia and child's externalizing problems, as reported by mothers. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal differences in mothers and fathers' empathy and alexithymia profiles and confirm the importance of considering both parents' points of view either in the diagnostic and the therapeutic interventions. Parental empathy and alexithymia levels not only play a fundamental role in the evaluation of child's difficulties but can also influence the development of a good relationship with the child for what concerns affective resonance.In mid-September 2018, during a field survey in Chiat'ung, Sanjiangyuan (Three-River-Source) Region, Tibetan Plateau, China, we discovered the first active breeding den of the Chinese mountain cat (Felis bieti), inhabited by one adult female and two kittens. Based on fieldwork over the following months, five breeding dens were discovered, and 33 sightings were recorded. In addition, at least five individuals were confirmed to inhabit this overlooked region, and much previously unknown information concerning this cat species and its ecology was revealed for the first time.Recent advances in avian transgenic studies highlight the possibility of utilizing lentiviral vectors as tools to generate transgenic chickens. However, low rates of gonadal chimerism and germ line transmission efficiency still limit the broad usage of this method in creating transgenic chickens. In this study, we implemented a simple strategy using modified lentiviral vectors targeted to chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) to generate transgenic chickens. The lentiviral vectors were pseudotyped with a modified Sindbis virus envelope protein (termed M168) and conjugated with an antibody specific to PGC membrane proteins. We demonstrated that these optimized M168-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors conjugated with SSEA4 antibodies successfully targeted transduction of PGCs in vitro and in vivo. Compared with the control, 50.0%-66.7% of chicken embryos expressed green fluorescent protein (GFP) in gonads transduced by the M168-pseudotyped lentivirus. This improved the targeted transduction efficiency by 30.0%-46.7%. Efficient chimerism of exogenous genes was also observed. This targeting technology could improve the efficiency of germ line transmission and provide greater opportunities for transgenic poultry studies.The main goal in biosimilar development is to increase CHO viability and productivity while maintaining product quality. Despite media and feed optimization during process development, depletion of amino acids still occurs. Aim of the work was to optimize an existing industrial fed batch process by preventing shortage of amino acids and to gather knowledge about CHO metabolism. Several process outputs were evaluated such as cell metabolism, cell viability, mAb production and product quality. First step was to develop and supplement an enriched feed containing depleted amino acids. Abundance of serine and glucose increased lactate production resulting in low viability and low productivity. In the next step, we developed an amino acid feed without serine to avoid the metabolic boost. Supplemented amino acids improved cell viability by 9%; however, mAb production did not increase significantly. In the final step, we limited glucose concentration ( less then 5.55mmol/L) in the cell culture to avoid the metabolic boost while supplementing an amino acid feed including serine. Data analysis showed that we were able to 1) replace depleted amino acids and avoid metabolic boost, 2) increase viability by 12%, 3) enhance mAb production by 0.5g/L (total by approx. 10g) and, 4) extend the overall process time of an already developed bioprocess. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. link2 © 2020 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different methods of fiber reinforcement (glass fibers preimpregnated, glass fibers nonpreimpregnated, and polyethylene fibers) on the flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of poly-methyl-methacrylate resin (PMMA) and Bis-Gma materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 specimens of autopolymerizing PMMA resin specimens were fabricated using a stainless steel matrix with dimensions of (37.5± 2) × (3 ± 0.1) × (3 ± 0.1) mm according to the standards of ISO 10477. The autopolymerizing resins used in this study were (a) JET, (b) TRIM, (c) PROTEMP. The fibers used in this study were STICK (Glass fiber preimpregnated), POLYDENTIA (Glass fiber nonpreimpregnated), RIBBOND (Polyethylene fiber). The specimens were tested by three-point bending test and the flexural strength and modulus of elasticity were recorded. The data of each resin type were analyzed by analysis of variance using a significance level of 0.05 to determine the mean differences. RESULTS The integration of reinforcing fibers in the mass of resins for provisional restorations increased both the flexural strength and the modulus of elasticity in all tested combinations compared to control groups. After the three-point bending test, the specimens were not completely fractured and the parts remained together due to the fibers. CONCLUSIONS Fiber reinforcement is an effective method to increase mechanical properties of provisional restorative resins. Reinforcement with fibers enhances the flexural strength and the modulus of elasticity of the specimens compared to unreinforced (control) group. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The reinforcement of resin materials used for provisional restorations with fibers can increase mechanical strength and may improve the clinical performance and the longevity of provisional restorations during their clinical function. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.PURPOSE The aim was to report cumulative incidence and time of onset of postoperative glaucoma in a paediatric early cataract surgery cohort. METHODS Data were retrieved from the Pediatric Cataract Register (PECARE), a prospective register of Swedish cataract operations before 8 years of age. All eyes with surgery between January 2007 and December 2014 and a registered follow-up were included. Cataracts caused by uveitis, trauma or coexisting congenital glaucoma were excluded. link3 Glaucoma was defined as early onset if diagnosed within a year after surgery and late onset if diagnosed later. RESULTS The study included 288 eyes in 207 children (106 girls), 81 with bilateral and 126 with unilateral cataracts, with a mean follow-up of 3.31 ± 1.77 years. Of the 288, 168 (58.3%) had surgery before 3 months of age; most of these 92.3% (155/168) were defined as dense, 208 (72.2%) were below 1 year of age. Cumulative incidence of surgically treated glaucoma among individuals was 23.7% (49/207). Median time to glaucoma onset was 0.91 years (range 0.05-4.97 years) for eyes. Early-onset glaucoma was found in 98 % (63/64), and late onset in 2% (1/64). CONCLUSION In this paediatric cataract cohort, a majority of eyes had surgery before 3 months of age (58.3%). Secondary glaucoma-onset peaked within the first postoperative year, with a cumulative incidence of 23.7%. Surgery performed after the first month of life, resulted in a lower glaucoma rate. Long-term follow-up will reveal whether the low rate of late-onset glaucoma with early surgery will last, and if so, the consequences. © 2020 The Authors. Acta Ophthalmologica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation.BACKGROUND/AIM Since children spend most of their time in school, some environmental characteristics of the schools may influence the occurrence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI). Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of TDI in 12 years old children in Quito, Ecuador, and its association with some school environmental aspects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Six calibrated examiners evaluated 998 children from 31 public schools of Quito, to evaluate the occurrence of TDI in anterior teeth. School coordinators answered questionnaires on school physical conditions, promotion of health practices and the occurrence of negative episodes in school. The occlusion and socioeconomic status of the participants were also evaluated. Prevalence of TDI, unadjusted and adjusted by the design effect was calculated. Association between individual and contextual explanatory variables and presence of TDI were evaluated using multilevel Poisson regression analysis (p less then 0.05). RESULTS TDI prevalence adjusted by design effect was 20.7%. Children studying in schools with patio floor of grass and with access ramps had significantly lower prevalence of TDI than children studying in schools with patio floor of cement, and with only stairs, respectively. The prevalence of TDI was also lower in children from schools that offered healthy meals or that had a proper place for oral hygiene. CONCLUSIONS Schools with adequate physical structures and that promote health practices to their students have a lower prevalence of TDI. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.