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68, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02, 7.01). The association remained marginally significant by adjusting for type of surgery and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (HR = 2.44, 95% CI = 0.92, 6.45). controlling nutritional status of ≥3 was significantly associated with recurrence (HR = 2.60; 95% CI 1.20, 5.61) after adjusting for all covariates. Other nutritional indices did not predict the prognosis in multivariate analysis.

Preoperative high controlling nutritional status score was marginally and significantly associated with mortality and recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer patients after lung resection.

Preoperative high controlling nutritional status score was marginally and significantly associated with mortality and recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer patients after lung resection.

Vascular rings are aortic arch anomalies with a spectrum of manifestations ranging from asymptomatic lesions detected incidentally to an acute presentation secondary to tracheo-esophageal compression. Circumflex retro-esophageal aortic arch is an extreme form of true vascular ring. It remains an uncharted territory to many surgeons.

A comprehensive search of peer reviewed journals was completed based on the key words, "Circumflex aorta," "Circumflex retro-esophageal aorta" and "circumflex arch" using Google scholar, Scholars Portal Journals and PubMed. The reference section for each article found was searched to obtain additional articles. Literature on the circumflex aorta was reviewed starting from the embryogenesis to the latest management strategies.

Right circumflex aorta is more prevalent compared to left circumflex aorta. It can occur in isolation or in association with other intracardiac lesions. Mainly presents in children, however reported in adults too. The presentation may vary from asymptomelpful in addressing residual tracheomalacia but this accounts for a high-risk surgery.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death before the age of 70. Improved cancer survival has put increasing demands on cancer care. Palliative care is the specialized multi-disciplinary care providing relief from the pain, symptoms, and stress of serious illness. The study aims to evaluate the adjunctive effect of acupuncture for advanced cancer patients in a collaborative model of palliative care.

This is a single-blinded, randomized, sham-controlled trial. One hundred twenty advanced cancer patients undergoing palliative care will be randomized in a ratio of 211 to manual acupuncture plus standard care group (ASC), sham acupuncture plus standard care group (SSC), and standard care group (SC). Patients in ASC and SSC will receive 9 sessions of acupuncture or sham acupuncture for 3 weeks, and will be followed up for 2 months. The primary measure is the change from baseline score of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System at 3 weeks. The secondary measures include the Brief Fatigue Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, Numeric Rating Scale, and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life 15 items Questionnaire for Palliative Care.

The finding of this trial will provide high-quality evidence on the adjunctive effect of acupuncture to standard care on advanced cancer patients undergoing palliative care.

Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04398875 (https//www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04398875), Registered on 21 May 2020.

Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04398875 (https//www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04398875), Registered on 21 May 2020.[Figure see text].

The ISLES challenge (Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation) enables globally diverse teams to compete to develop advanced tools for stroke lesion analysis with machine learning. Detection of irreversibly damaged tissue on computed tomography perfusion (CTP) is often necessary to determine eligibility for late-time-window thrombectomy. MSA-2 molecular weight Therefore, the aim of ISLES-2018 was to segment infarcted tissue on CTP based on diffusion-weighted imaging as a reference standard.

The data, from 4 centers, consisted of 103 cases of acute anterior circulation large artery occlusion stroke who underwent diffusion-weighted imaging rapidly after CTP. Diffusion-weighted imaging lesion segmentation was performed manually and acted as a reference standard. The data were separated into 63 cases for training and 40 for testing, upon which quality metrics (dice score coefficient, Hausdorff distance, absolute lesion volume difference, etc) were computed to rank methods based on their overall performance.

Twenty-four different teamsed with threshold-based methods used in clinical routine. This dataset will remain public and can be used to test improvement in algorithms over time.

Machine learning methods may predict infarcted tissue from CTP with improved accuracy compared with threshold-based methods used in clinical routine. This dataset will remain public and can be used to test improvement in algorithms over time.Traumatic brain injury (TBI) alters microbial populations present in the gut, which may impact healing and tissue recovery. However, the duration and impact of these changes on outcome from TBI are unknown. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber, are important signaling molecules in the microbiota gut-brain axis. We hypothesized that TBI would lead to a sustained reduction in SCFA producing bacteria, fecal SCFAs concentration, and administration of soluble SCFAs would improve functional outcome after TBI. Adult mice (n = 10) had the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI performed (6 m/sec, 2-mm depth, 50-msec dwell). Stool samples were collected serially until 28 days after CCI and analyzed for SCFA concentration by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and microbiome analyzed by 16S gene sequencing. In a separate experiment, mice (n = 10/group) were randomized 2 weeks before CCI to standard drinking water or water supplemented with the SCFAs acetate (67.5 mM), propionate (25.9 mM), and butyrate (40 mM). Morris water maze performance was assessed on post-injury Days 14-19. Alpha diversity remained stable until 72 h, at which point a decline in diversity was observed without recovery out to 28 days. The taxonomic composition of post-TBI fecal samples demonstrated depletion of bacteria from Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Bacteroidaceae families, and enrichment of bacteria from the Verrucomicrobiaceae family. Analysis from paired fecal samples revealed a reduction in total SCFAs at 24 h and 28 days after TBI. Acetate, the most abundant SCFA detected in the fecal samples, was reduced at 7 days and 28 days after TBI. SCFA administration improved spatial learning after TBI versus standard drinking water. In conclusion, TBI is associated with reduced richness and diversity of commensal microbiota in the gut and a reduction in SCFAs detected in stool. Supplementation of soluble SCFAs improves spatial learning after TBI.