Ditlevsengibson7164
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a well-known risk factor for urinary tract infection (UTI). We aim to define diagnostic values of kidney ultrasonography (US) as a predictor of VUR and high grades VUR in children presented by UTI.
This retrospective study was conducted during October 2003 to 2016. Nimodipine ic50 Children aged ≤ 18 years with history of UTI who had underwent kidney US and direct cystography [voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) or radionuclide cystography (RNC)] enrolled in the study. Diagnostic values of hydronephrosis, hydro ureter, renal scaring, hydroureteronephrosis, decreased kidney size and abnormal kidney US for diagnosis of VUR and high grades VUR (grades IV-V) were evaluated.
Hydro-ureter, renal scaring, and hydroureteronephrosis were significantly more prevalent in VUR+ versus VUR- cases, also in higher grades compared with lower grades (grades I-III) VUR (P < .05 for all). Additionally, hydronephrosis was more common in VUR+ compared with VUR- patients (P < .0001). As a predictor of VUR and higher grades of VUR, abnormal kidney US had the highest sensitivity (24.87% and 40.84%, respectively), abnormal kidney US and hydro ureter reached the highest NPV (70.42% and 81.27%, respectively), hydroureteronephrosis and hydro ureter showed the highest accuracy (68.51% and 82.21%, respectively) .
Kidney US is a valuable screening test, abnormal renal US significantly increases the probability of VUR and high grades VUR , but if used as the only screening test , about 2/3 and 1/3 and 20% of VUR , high grades VUR and grade V VURs will be missed.DOI 10.52547/ijkd.5966.
Kidney US is a valuable screening test, abnormal renal US significantly increases the probability of VUR and high grades VUR , but if used as the only screening test , about 2/3 and 1/3 and 20% of VUR , high grades VUR and grade V VURs will be missed. DOI 10.52547/ijkd.5966.No. Abstract. DOI 10.52547/ijkd.6601.A growing body of evidence points out at chronic kidney disease (CKD) as a major risk factor for severe COVID-19, increasing also the respective mortality risk. Preventive measures, rapid monitoring organ function and interventions capable of preventing multiorgan failures are of great importance to reduce adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients with CKD. While efforts are underway to carry out indirect protection interventions and large-scale vaccination to achieve herd immunity in the general population, direct protection of patients with CKD through rapid vaccination trials are necessary since uraemia and immunosuppressive agents could have a negative impact on vaccination responses of CDK patients. More epidemiological data are needed for in-depth understanding of the course and outcome of COVID-19 in CKD patients, supporting clinical decision-making. DOI 10.52547/ijkd.6797.Alcohol intake can cause a wide range of visual system abnormalities. In this study, we characterized how ethanol affects the growth, external morphology and locomotion of zebrafish, particularly with regard to retinal development. Zebrafish embryos were divided into 5 groups and put into hatching liquid for 6 hours. The embryos from 4 groups were treated with varying concentrations of ethanol (0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5% and 3% by volume) from 6 to 24 hours post-fertilization. The toxic effects of ethanol on embryonic development were assessed by mortality, hatching rate and morphologic deformity. The effects of ethanol on locomotive activity were assessed by autonomous motion detection and swimming behavior analysis. The effects of ethanol on retinal morphology were assessed by histologic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopy analyses. Ethanol treatment increased the mortality and induced growth retardation in zebrafish larvae. The locomotive activities of zebrafish embryos/larvae were impeded by exposure to higher (1.5% and 2.5%) concentrations of ethanol. Embryos exposed to higher levels of ethanol at the early developmental stage had a reduction in eye size. The ethanol treatment disrupts the architecture of the retina and reduces retinal size. Embryos exposed to 2.5% concentration of ethanol had morphologic abnormalities of the photoreceptors. Ethanol exposure also inhibited retinal cell differentiation and proliferation, but did not affect apical epithelial polarity. These findings suggest that ethanol affects the growth and external morphology of zebrafish, and higher levels of ethanol exposure can cause defects of locomotor activity and photoreceptor development.Melanoma causes the highest mortality rate among all skin cancers. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to metastasis and poor prognosis in melanoma have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to metastasis in melanoma were screened out. The results of gene annotation was combined with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The microRNA (miRNA) network that regulates key genes and their correlation with BRAFV600E was preliminarily analyzed. Cell and molecular biology experiments were conducted to verify the results of bioinformatics analysis. Results showed that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway contained the key genes CDK2, CDK4, KIT, and Von Willebrand factor. Survival analysis showed that high expression of the four key genes significantly reduced the survival rate of patients with melanoma. Correlation analysis showed that BRAFV600E may regulate the expression of the four key genes, and a total of 240 miRNAs may regulate this expression. Experiments showed that the inactivation of key genes inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma. In conclusion, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the four key genes promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma, and related to poor prognosis of patients with melanoma.Cardiac fibrosis could induce abnormal cardiac function and become a novel target for cardiac hypertrophy and chronic heart failure. MiRNA-320 is a crucial miRNA in cardiovascular disease, but it is poorly understood whether it plays a role in cardiac fibrosis pathogenesis. We aimed to identify the specific underlying mechanism of miR-320 in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophic pathogenesis. In our study, the GEO datasets revealed that STAT3 was significantly highly expressed in cardiomyocyte lines. MiR-320 activation and STAT3 signaling pathways were statistically significantly connected. Furthermore, miR-320 was highly associated with cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophic disease. Interstitial fibrosis was observed in the mice subjected to TAC surgery, markedly enhanced in miR-320 mimics. Mechanistically, we revealed that miR-320 mimics aggravated the pressure overload and induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis via the IL6/STAT3/PTEN axis. MiR-320 mimics accelerated cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis via the IL6/STAT3/PTEN axis. These results suggest that targeting miR-320 may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
Ectopic ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone) syndrome (EAS) is rarely associated with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Although chemotherapy is initially effective for SCLC, complicated EAS scarcely improves. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been used to treat SCLC. Atezolizumab plus chemotherapy for SCLC improved progression-free survival compared to conventional chemotherapy. However, little has been reported on the efficacy of the combination therapy for SCLC with EAS. We report a 72-year-old male who presented with 4-week history of leg oedema, proximal myopathy, weight loss, and worsened symptoms of diabetes and hypertension. Laboratory findings revealed hypokalaemia, increased plasma ACTH, and serum cortisol levels. Cortisol levels were not suppressed by the high-dose dexamethasone test. Chest and abdominal CT revealed a right lower lobe tumour with multiple metastases on the hilar lymph nodes, liver, lumbar spine, and bilateral enlarged adrenal glands. The patient was diagnosed with stage 4B The use of combined chemotherapy and atezolizumab in the ectopic ACTH syndrome secondary to small-cell lung cancer may cause a precipitous fall in circulating ACTH/cortisol, resulting in symptomatic adrenal insufficiency The advances in cancer therapy and treatment for endocrine paraneoplastic syndrome need to be adapted.
The immune checkpoint inhibitor atezolizumab has recently been approved for the treatment of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Approximately 1-6% of tumour ectopically produce ACTH and cause ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS) as an endocrine paraneoplastic syndrome. The use of combined chemotherapy and atezolizumab in the ectopic ACTH syndrome secondary to small-cell lung cancer may cause a precipitous fall in circulating ACTH/cortisol, resulting in symptomatic adrenal insufficiency The advances in cancer therapy and treatment for endocrine paraneoplastic syndrome need to be adapted.Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) encompass a diverse group of malignancies marked by histological heterogeneity and highly variable clinical outcomes. We performed a systematic review on potential prognostic biomarkers in PNETs by searching the PubMed database. A total of 472 manuscripts were reviewed in detail and 52 multivariate studies met the inclusion criteria proposed by the Reporting Recommendations for Tumor Marker Prognostic Studies (REMARK). These altogether analyzed 53 unique targets and 36 of them were statistically associated with survival.
Whilst radioactive iodine (RAI) is often administered in the treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), long-term data on male fertility after RAI are scarce.
To evaluate long-term male fertility after RAI for DTC, and to compare semen quality before and after RAI.
Multicenter study including males with DTC ≥2 years after their final RAI treatment with a cumulative activity of ≥3.7 GBq.
Semen analysis, hormonal evaluation, and a fertility-focused questionnaire. Cut-off scores for 'low semen quality' were based on reference values of the general population as defined by the World Health Organization.
Fifty-one participants had a median age of 40.5 (interquartile range, IQR, 34.0-49.6) years upon evaluation, and a median follow-up of 5.8 (IQR 3.0-9.5) years after their last RAI administration. The median cumulative administered activity of RAI was 7.4 (range 3.7-23.3) GBq. The proportion of males with a low semen volume, concentration, progressive motility, or total motile sperm count (TMSC) did not differ from the 10th percentile cut-off of a general population (P=0.500, P=0.131, P=0.094, and P=0.500, respectively). Cryopreserved semen was used by one participant of the twenty who had preserved semen.
Participants had a normal long-term semen quality. The proportion of participants with low semen quality parameters scoring below the 10th percentile did not differ from the general population. Cryopreservation of semen of males with DTC is not crucial for conceiving a child after RAI administration, but may be considered in individual cases.
Participants had a normal long-term semen quality. The proportion of participants with low semen quality parameters scoring below the 10th percentile did not differ from the general population. Cryopreservation of semen of males with DTC is not crucial for conceiving a child after RAI administration, but may be considered in individual cases.
