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A deficiency of Tfh cells in young infants mirrors the immaturity of the humoral immune response, whereas in older children Tfh cells are proposed as a prognostic marker facilitating to distinguish between mild hypogammaglobulinemia and the developing common variable immunodeficiency.
A deficiency of Tfh cells in young infants mirrors the immaturity of the humoral immune response, whereas in older children Tfh cells are proposed as a prognostic marker facilitating to distinguish between mild hypogammaglobulinemia and the developing common variable immunodeficiency.
The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the mother's use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications during pregnancy and asthma in Lebanese children.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on Lebanese students in both public and private schools, between January and September 2017, involving 1000 children aged between 4 and 17 years.
The intake of any medication as an independent variable throughout pregnancy reveals that being in a public school compared to a private one (Beta = 0.344) and breastfeeding (Beta = 0.51) were highly associated with lower odds of asthma, while having a positive family of allergic rhinitis (Beta = 2.129) and the intake of any medication during pregnancy (Beta = 7.052) were highly associated with higher odds of asthma.A second logistic regression, taking as the dependent variable asthmatic versus healthy children and taking each OTC drug as an independent variable, showed that taking paracetamol once per week during pregnancy (Beta = 4.66) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) once per month (Beta = 3.498) compared to no intake were significantly correlated with higher probability of asthma.
Our findings showed that the intake of paracetamol, vitamin C, and PPIs during pregnancy is strongly correlated with asthma in the offspring. Since these factors are avoidable, it is necessary to raise awareness among healthcare professionals to reduce the prevalence of asthma in children.
Our findings showed that the intake of paracetamol, vitamin C, and PPIs during pregnancy is strongly correlated with asthma in the offspring. Since these factors are avoidable, it is necessary to raise awareness among healthcare professionals to reduce the prevalence of asthma in children.
Emerging evidence shows that circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in the pathogenesis of multiple immune diseases. However, few studies have focused on the mechanisms of circRNAs involved in allergic rhinitis (AR).
This study performed an RNA sequence (RNA-seq) profiling to identify the expression of circRNAs in nasal mucosa from ovalbumin-induced AR murine models and normal controls. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was then conducted to validate the differential expression of circRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis was applied to demonstrate the biological functions of the dysregulated circRNAs.
A total of 86 distinct circRNA candidates were sequenced, of which 51 were upregulated and 35 were downregulated. The T cell receptor, B cell receptor, and calcium signaling pathways may be involved in the pathology of AR. Furthermore, a circRNA-miRNA interaction network was constructed via miRNA response elements analysis. Some circRNAs were correlated with miRNAs that are involved in T cell polarization and activation, thereby highlighting their potential role in the pathogenesis of AR.
This study demonstrates a number of aberrantly expressed circRNAs related to AR, and offers a novel perspective into AR pathogenesis and future therapeutic strategies.
This study demonstrates a number of aberrantly expressed circRNAs related to AR, and offers a novel perspective into AR pathogenesis and future therapeutic strategies.
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is one of the most prevalent forms of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID). CVID is characterized by failure in the final differentiation of B lymphocytes and impaired antibody production but the pathogenesis is not known in the majority of patients. We postulated that the expression pattern of miRNAs in unsolved CVID patients might be the underlying epigenetic cause of the disease. Therefore, we aimed to assess the expression of hsa-miR-210-5p and FOXP3 transcription factor in CVID cases in comparison with healthy individuals.
Eleven CVID cases with no genetic defects (all PID known genes excluded) and 10 sex and age-matched healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. T lymphocytes were purified from PBMC, and expression levels of miR-210-5p and FOXP3 mRNA were evaluated by real-time PCR.
We demonstrated that miR-210 expression in patients was significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.03). FOXP3 expression was slightly lower in patients compared with healthy controls (P = 0.86). There was a negative correlation between miR and gene expression (r -0.11, P = 0.73). Among various clinical complications, autoimmunity showed a considerable rate in high-miR patients (P = 0.12, 42.8%), while autoimmunity was not observed in normal miR-210 patients.
Our results suggest a role for miR-210 in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity in CVID patients. Further studies would better elucidate epigenetic roles in CVID patients with no genetic defects.
Our results suggest a role for miR-210 in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity in CVID patients. Further studies would better elucidate epigenetic roles in CVID patients with no genetic defects.
X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), the first known primary immunodeficiency, is caused by rare mutations in Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene. Mutations in the BTK gene lead to a failure in the development and maturation of B-cell linage. A decreased number of B-cells results in agammaglobulinemia and increased susceptibility to a variety of infections. click here Therefore, patients with XLA usually manifest with repetitive bacterial infections, such as upper respiratory tract infections, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and urinary tract infections, since their infancy.
We report a 17-year-old Iranian boy with XLA, referred to us with a history of severe and recurrent episodes of bacterial infections for a period of six years.
Genetic analysis using the whole Exome sequencing revealed a hemizygous missense mutation in the BTK gene (c.428 A > T, p.His143Leu).
To our knowledge, c.428 A > T has not been reported in the BTK gene.
T has not been reported in the BTK gene.
