Maysfleming9338

Further, causality exists from social well-being to environmental degradation, but not vice versa. The analysis of the impulse response function exhibited the presence of the environmental Kuznets curve phenomenon in BRI countries. Moreover, the results of variance decomposition suggested that a shock in one index spills over to other indexes simultaneously. The study suggests that policymakers should consider social well-being and environmental degradation in economic activity to achieve sustainable development goals.In this work, the β-cyclodextrin modified magnetic graphene oxide (β-CD/MGO) composite was fabricated by the in situ co-precipitation method and characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and particle size analysis. The adsorption behavior of dichromate ions on the β-CD/MGO was investigated, and the mechanism of adsorption was also studied using FT-IR and XPS. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/icrt14.html The results from SEM and TEM showed that the graphene oxide (GO) layer became rough, and many fine particles were attached after compounding with ferroferric oxide and β-cyclodextrin. The characterization results of FT-IR and XPS show that that β-cyclodextrin and ferroferric oxide have been perfectly compounded to the graphene oxide layer and β-CD/MGO has a particle size of about 460 nm, a specific surface area of 252.3 m2g-1, and a saturation magnetization of 73.5 emu g-1. The adsorption amount of dichromate ions on the β-CD/MGO is affected by pH, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption time. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Equilibrium data agreed very well with the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption amount of dichromate ions on the β-CD/MGO was 49.95 mg g-1. After five successive adsorbent reuses, the reuse rate is still 73%, indicating the excellent potential reusability of β-CD/MGO adsorbent. β-CD/MGO exhibits excellent adsorption performance for dichromate ions. As an environmentally friendly magnetic adsorbent, β-CD/MGO is suitable for the treatment of dichromate-containing wastewater.Assessing the current farm-level efforts of climate change adaptation is essential to distinguish their usefulness and implying policy level advance measures for future. The present study investigated cotton farmers' climate change adaptation and its impact on increasing cotton productivity and net cotton income in Punjab province of Pakistan. A pretested and well-structured questionnaire was used for data collection of 480 cotton farmers from three major cotton-producing divisions of cotton-wheat zone of Punjab, Pakistan. Logistic regression analysis approach was used in this study to find out the factors of adaptation and propensity score matching method employed to identify connecting adaptation impact on cotton productivity and cotton income. Empirical estimates of this study indicated as owing to some external and internal constraint farmers were limited focused on adaptation while conscious about adverse effects of climate change. Usage of required and recommended types of fertilizer, variation in plantcommunity, and securing agriculture from future climatic uncertainties. Future policies must deal with farm-level limitations of advanced adaptation measures like making available information and sustaining sponsoring soil conservation practices, launching climate smart varieties and advanced adaptation measures based on various agro-ecological zones.Enzymatic biomarkers, especially oxidative-stress enzymes, are useful for assessing the status of aquatic environments. The present study used biochemical markers determined in nervous, gill, and liver tissues of Sciades herzbergii, concomitantly with analyses of trace metals in the tissues and bottom sediment, to evaluate environmental quality in Amazon estuaries. The study was conducted from March 2014 to February 2016 in two areas Caeté estuary in Bragança, state of Pará, which is relatively unimpacted; and São Marcos Bay, next to a harbor in São Luís, state of Maranhão. In the laboratory, the fish were weighed (g) and measured (cm). Fragments of the gills, the brain, and the liver were biochemically analyzed, and the metal contents in the brain, the liver, and the muscle tissues were determined. Turbidity was significantly higher (p less then 0.05) in São Marcos than in Bragança. Specimens of S. herzbergii were smaller in São Marcos, and aluminum, iron, nickel, copper, cadmium, and mercury levels were hediment and biological tissues, together with the biochemical responses of S. herzbergii in the study areas, indicate that this species is still tolerant to adverse environmental conditions, but the presence of metals is a risk to the health of fish, mainly to fish from São Marcos, especially if chronically exposed.The primary aims of this present study were to evaluate the effect of oxygen limitation on the bacterial community structure of enrichment cultures degrading either benzene or toluene and to clarify the role of Malikia-related bacteria in the aerobic degradation of BTEX compounds. Accordingly, parallel aerobic and microaerobic enrichment cultures were set up and the bacterial communities were investigated through cultivation and 16S rDNA Illumina amplicon sequencing. In the aerobic benzene-degrading enrichment cultures, the overwhelming dominance of Malikia spinosa was observed and it was abundant in the aerobic toluene-degrading enrichment cultures as well. Successful isolation of a Malikia spinosa strain shed light on the fact that this bacterium harbours a catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) gene encoding a subfamily I.2.C-type extradiol dioxygenase and it is able to degrade benzene, toluene and ethylbenzene under clear aerobic conditions. While quick degradation of the aromatic substrates was observable in the case of the aerobic enrichments, no significant benzene degradation, and the slow degradation of toluene was observed in the microaerobic enrichments. Despite harbouring a subfamily I.2.C-type C23O gene, Malikia spinosa was not found in the microaerobic enrichments; instead, members of the Pseudomonas veronii/extremaustralis lineage dominated these communities. Whole-genome analysis of M. spinosa strain AB6 revealed that the C23O gene was part of a phenol-degrading gene cluster, which was acquired by the strain through a horizontal gene transfer event. Results of the present study revealed that bacteria, which encode subfamily I.2.C-type extradiol dioxygenase enzyme, will not be automatically able to degrade monoaromatic hydrocarbons under microaerobic conditions.