Dicksonpetersson2726
h with special attention to possible existence of IHD.
Chronic and/or intermittent exposure to hypobaric hypoxia reportedly exerts cardioprotective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, few studies have focused on the cardioprotective effects of acute and/or short-term hypobaric and hypoxic exposures. This study investigated the effects of acute hypobaric hypoxia on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Rats were assigned to groups receiving normobaric normoxia (NN group), hypobaric hypoxia (HH group), or normobaric hypoxia (NH group). HH group rats were exposed to 60.8 kPa and 12.6% fraction of inspired oxygen in a hypobaric chamber for 6 h. NH group rats were exposed to hypoxic conditions under normal pressure. After each exposure, 30 min of myocardial ischemia was followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Cardiac function and infarct size were determined after reperfusion. Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1
) was also measured.
Cardiac function was better preserved in the HH and NH groups than in the NN group (
< 0.01 each). Median infarct size/area at risk was significantly lower in the HH group (50%, interquartile range [IQR] 48-54%;
< 0.01 vs. NN group) and NH group (45%, IQR 36-50%;
< 0.01 vs. NN group) than in the NN group (72%, IQR 69-75%). HIF1
expression was significantly higher in the HH group (
< 0.05 vs. Epigenetic Reader Domain inhibitor NN group) and NH group (
< 0.01 vs. NN group) than in the NN group.
Exposure to acute and/or short-term hypobaric and hypoxic conditions might exert cardioprotective effects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via HIF1
modulation.
Exposure to acute and/or short-term hypobaric and hypoxic conditions might exert cardioprotective effects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via HIF1α modulation.
The aim of this observational study is to assess pre- and postoperative retinochoroidal vascular changes in patients undergoing epiretinal macular membrane (ERM) surgery by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
23 eyes affected by ERM and those which underwent phacovitrectomy associated with ERM peeling were enrolled. They were evaluated using structural OCT and OCTA before surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.
We found a statistically significant (
< 0.05) increase in the superficial capillary plexus vessel density (VD) from baseline to the 6-month follow-up. We observed a large increase in both the perfusion density (PD) and the VD of the deep capillary plexus between baseline and the 6-month follow-up (
< 0.001). A significant decrease in the VD and PD of the choriocapillaris (CC) from baseline to the 1
month and a significant increase in CC perfusion density at the 6-month follow-up compared to the preoperative value were revealed. The FAZ area and perimeterpotential surgical prognostic factors.
Falls are a significant public health problem among older people worldwide. The aim was to perform a new systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether cataract surgery is effective in reducing the rate of falls in older persons.
The systematic review was performed following the recommendations by the Cochrane Collaboration. Original papers were included with RCT or quasi-experimental design, which described the effect on uni- or bilateral cataract surgery on the rate of falls among people aged 60 or older. Titles and abstracts were reviewed, full-text versions were retrieved, and two independent examiners reviewed them to assess inclusion criteria. All relevant variables were synthesised in an evidence table. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed pooling the trials, and results were expressed as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals.
The initial search reported 99 potential abstracts, and 41 full-text versions were examined. In the end, eight studies were included. Five included patients 65 years of age and older, two patients 55 years and older, and one included patients 50 years or older. Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implant were performed in all studies. Two were RCT, and six were quasi-experimental. Falls was the main outcome. The six quasi-experimental studies reported that a reduction in the frequency of falls was observed (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48-0.96), although heterogeneity was significant (
= 74%). Only one RCT reported risk reduction of 34% (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45-0.96).
This meta-analysis provides evidence that the first cataract surgery reduces the frequency of falls in older people with bilateral cataracts, but a second surgery does not have significant impact.
This meta-analysis provides evidence that the first cataract surgery reduces the frequency of falls in older people with bilateral cataracts, but a second surgery does not have significant impact.
To evaluate the rate of presumed endophthalmitis (EO) after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections performed in an operating room (OR) under sterile conditions in mainland China.
Retrospective single-center study between September 2012 and December 2017 at Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing, China. Intravitreal injection database was reviewed. All anti-VEGF injections were performed using a standardized sterile technique in an OR. Injection protocols included antibiotics for 3 days pre-injection, topical 5% povidone-iodine rinsing before the procedure, and post-injection antibiotics for 3 days.
A total of 37,830 intravitreal injections were performed at Beijing Tongren Eye Center. Three cases were managed as presumed EO (0.0079%). Positive cultures were documented in 2 of 3 cases. EO incidence following ranibizumab and conbercept administration was 0.0088% (3 in 33,930) and 0% (0 in 3,900), respectively. No significant difference was detected between the two drugs (
= 0.745).
Very low EO rates were seen in mainland China using a standardized sterile technique in an OR. However, EO could not be completely avoided.
Very low EO rates were seen in mainland China using a standardized sterile technique in an OR. However, EO could not be completely avoided.High-resolution vessel wall imaging techniques have been developed for clinical use in various types of intracranial artery disease. Numerous studies have described techniques for evaluating remodeling patterns and plaque character, but few have reported a method for outlining obstructed vessels in intracranial artery occlusion. The course of the vessel affects the success of recanalization and can cause complications in mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. We propose imaging with 3D T2-weighted sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) as a useful tool for describing the course of an occluded artery in ischemic stroke due to intracranial artery occlusion.Alpha rhythms (∼10Hz) in the human brain are classically associated with idling activities, being predominantly observed during quiet restfulness with closed eyes. However, recent studies demonstrated that alpha (∼10Hz) rhythms can directly relate to visual stimulation, resulting in oscillations, which can last for as long as one second. This alpha reverberation, dubbed perceptual echoes (PE), suggests that the visual system actively samples and processes visual information within the alpha-band frequency. Although PE have been linked to various visual functions, their underlying mechanisms and functional role are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between conscious perception and the generation and the amplitude of PE. Specifically, we displayed two coloured Gabor patches with different orientations on opposite sides of the screen, and using a set of dichoptic mirrors, we induced a binocular rivalry between the two stimuli. We asked participants to continuously report which one of two Gabor patches they consciously perceived, while recording their EEG signals. Importantly, the luminance of each patch fluctuated randomly over time, generating random sequences from which we estimated two impulse-response functions (IRFs) reflecting the PE generated by the perceived (dominant) and non-perceived (suppressed) stimulus, respectively. We found that the alpha power of the PE generated by the consciously perceived stimulus was comparable with that of the PE generated during monocular vision (control condition) and higher than the PE induced by the suppressed stimulus. Moreover, confirming previous findings, we found that all PEs propagated as a travelling wave from posterior to frontal brain regions, irrespective of conscious perception. All in all our results demonstrate a correlation between conscious perception and PE, suggesting that the synchronization of neural activity plays an important role in visual sampling and conscious perception.Environmental conditions can affect viral accumulation, virulence and adaptation, which have implications in the disease outcomes and efficiency of control measures. Concurrently, mixed viral infections are relevant in plants, being their epidemiology shaped by within-host virus-virus interactions. However, the extent in which the combined effect of variations in abiotic components of the plant ecological niche and the prevalence of mixed infections affect the evolutionary dynamics of viral populations is not well understood. Here, we explore the interplay between ecological and evolutionary factors during viral infections and show that isolates of two strains of Pepino mosaic potexvirus coexisted in tomato plants in a temperature-dependent continuum between neutral and antagonistic interactions. After a long-term infection, the mutational analysis of the evolved viral genomes revealed strain-specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms that were modulated by the interaction between the type of infection and temperature. These results suggest that the temperature is an ecological driver of virus-virus interactions, with an effect on the genetic diversity of individual viruses that are co-infecting an individual host. This research provides insights into the effect that changes in host growth temperatures might have on the evolutionary dynamics of viral populations in mixed infections.Treatments for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) improve survival but often impose prolonged symptom burden. We performed molecular characterization of 84 miRNAs in the circulating serum of women with MBC to explore possible early indicators of intervention response. Expression levels of miR-10a-5p and miR-211-5p were downregulated in nonresponders, but upregulated in responders (miR-10a-5p 0.40-fold and eightfold; miR 211-5p 0.47-fold and fourfold). miR-205-5p expression was upregulated in both nonresponders and responders, but to a greater extent in responders (1.8-fold and sixfold). Additionally, levels of miR-10a-5p were negatively correlated with expression levels of IL-6 (r = -0.412). Exploration of these pathways may reveal mechanisms of action in lifestyle interventions aimed at improving quality of life and impacting disease progression for women with MBC.
Novel oral anticoagulants are used in atrial fibrillation. Idarucizumab has been approved for reversal of dabigatran in situations of life-threatening hemorrhage or emergency surgery.
We report a single center experience of tenpatients on dabigatran therapy who were given idarucizumab prior to heart transplantation.
The mean plasma concentration of dabigatran prior to reversal was 139 ± 89ng/ml. Hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet levels were decreased after surgery. Surgical procedures were successfully performed with no increased risk, especially regarding bleeding complications. All patients were alive after 90days.
Dabigatran reversal with idarucizumab in contexts of emergency surgery/urgent procedures is an attractive and safe option to be taken into consideration for patients with end stage heart disease awaiting transplantation and indication of anticoagulant therapy.
Dabigatran reversal with idarucizumab in contexts of emergency surgery/urgent procedures is an attractive and safe option to be taken into consideration for patients with end stage heart disease awaiting transplantation and indication of anticoagulant therapy.
