Clappstampe1339

Finally, the authors discuss key aspects in order to enable metamaterials for industrial applications and how the design approach has to change to include reliability and resilience.The increasingly wide usage of smart infrastructure and location-aware terminals has helped increase the availability of trajectory data with rich spatiotemporal information. The development of data mining and analysis methods has allowed researchers to use these trajectory datasets to identify urban reality (e.g., citizens' collective behavior) in order to solve urban problems in transportation, environment, public security, etc. However, existing studies in this field have been relatively isolated, and an integrated and comprehensive review is lacking the problems that have been tackled, methods that have been tested, and services that have been generated from existing research. In this paper, we first discuss the relationships among the prevailing trajectory mining methods and then, classify the applications of trajectory data into three major groups social dynamics, traffic dynamics, and operational dynamics. Finally, we briefly discuss the services that can be developed from studies in this field. Practical implications are also delivered for participants in trajectory data mining. With a focus on relevance and association, our review is aimed at inspiring researchers to identify gaps among tested methods and guiding data analysts and planners to select the most suitable methods for specific problems.The aim of the present study was to evaluate (i) the effects of different intensities and types of treated pain on the basal concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol, and (ii) the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test, to determine whether treated pain caused a marked increase of ACTH, which would lead to a false positive result in the diagnosis of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID). Methods Fifteen horses with treated low to moderate pain intensities were part of the study. They served as their own controls as soon as they were pain-free again. The horses were divided into three disease groups, depending on their underlying disease (disease group 1 = colic, disease group 2 = laminitis, disease group 3 = orthopedic problems). A composite pain scale was used to evaluate the intensity of the pain. This pain scale contained a general part and specific criteria for every disease. Subsequently, ACTH and cortisol were measured before and after the intravenous application of 1 mg of TRH. Results There was no significant difference in the basal or stimulated ACTH concentration in horses with pain and controls, between different pain intensities or between disease groups. Descriptive statistics, however, revealed that pain might decrease the effect of TRH on the secretion of ACTH. There was an increase of ACTH 30 min after TRH application (p = 0.007) in the treated pain group, but this difference could not be statistically confirmed. Measuring the basal ACTH concentration and performing the TRH stimulation test for the diagnosis of PPID seem to be possible in horses with low to moderate pain.Fascin is an actin-bundling protein that is critical for filopodial formation and other cellular cytoskeletal structures. An elevated expression of fascin has been observed in tumor cells and is correlated with a shorter survival of cancer patients. Given its roles in tumor cell migration and invasion, we have developed small-molecule fascin inhibitors to prevent and delay tumor metastasis. Here we report the characterization of a new fascin inhibitor in mice. In addition to its inhibitory effects on tumor metastasis, we also report that fascin inhibitors can decrease the growth of specific subtypes of cancers, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-high triple-negative breast cancer, and activated B-cell subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Hence, fascin inhibitors can be used to not only inhibit tumor metastasis, but also decrease the tumor growth of specific cancer types.Polymeric membranes based on the semi-crystalline syndiotactic-polystyrene (sPS) become hydrophilic, and therefore conductive, following the functionalization of the amorphous phase by the solid-state sulfonation procedure. Because the crystallinity of the material, and thus the mechanical strength of the membranes, is maintained and the resistance to oxidation decomposition can be improved by doping the membranes with fullerenes, the sPS becomes attractive for proton-exchange membranes fuel cells (PEMFC) and energy storage applications. In the current work we report the micro-structural characterization by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) method of sulfonated sPS films and sPS-fullerene composite membranes at different temperatures between 20 °C and 80 °C, under the relative humidity (RH) level from 10% to 70%. Complementary characterization of membranes was carried out by FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy and prompt-γ neutron activation analysis in terms of composition, following the specific preparation and functionalization procedure, and by XRD with respect to crystallinity. The hydrated ionic clusters are formed in the hydrated membrane and shrink slightly with the increasing temperature, which leads to a slight desorption of water at high temperatures. Novobiocin manufacturer However, it seems that the conductive properties of the membranes do not deteriorate with the increasing temperature and that all membranes equilibrated in liquid water show an increased conductivity at 80 °C compared to the room temperature. The presence of fullerenes in the composite membrane induces a tremendous increase in the conductivity at high temperatures compared to fullerenes-free membranes. Apparently, the observed effects may be related to the formation of additional hydrated pathways in the composite membrane in conjunction with changes in the dynamics of water and polymer.A large quantity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be released into water environments from oil spills and chemical exposure accidents. A recently developed solid ceramic dosimeter (SCD) could be used for long-term measuring of low VOCs concentrations in water. However, calibration and field testing of these SCDs have thus been far insufficient to apply for VOCs monitoring in a water environment in a chemical industrial area. We conducted laboratory calibration experiments and stability tests of the SCD. The mass accumulation of 14 target VOCs from 2 to 100 μg/L was increased linearly with time in the sampler. The absorption rate of the VOCs was related to Henry's law constant. The average diffusion coefficient of the 14 VOCs in the SCD wall was 1.02 × 10-9 m2/s. The SCD was utilized in a petrochemical plant complex in South Korea with an industrial wastewater reservoir. After a total of 7 days of deployment, chloroform, ethylbenzene, and toluene were detected by both passive sampling and grab sampling at the same VOC concentrations.