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7, P = .022) and sarcopenia (HR 3.6, P = .019). Male gender was associated with worse progression-free survival (HR 2.6, P = .016). CONCLUSIONS Sarcopenia is associated with worse overall survival in patients with anal cancer. Further studies are indicated to determine if survival can be improved with increased attention to nutritional status in sarcopenic patients. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This study was aimed to explore the expression and biological function of circRNA_0005075 in gastric cancer (GC) progression and its underlying mechanism. First, the expression level of circRNA_0005075 and microRNA-431 (miR-431) in GC tissues were detected with the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, after down-regulated the circRNA_0005075 expression by plasmid transfection in GC cells, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), EDU, transwell assay were conducted to evaluate the function of circRNA_0005075 or miR-431 on cell proliferation, metastasis in vitro. Moreover, p53 and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway related proteins were also measured with western blotting. Then, our data revealed that CircRNA_0005075 was found to be significantly up-regulated in GC tissues as well as GC cell lines, and the GC patients with higher CircRNA_0005075 expression were more likely to have poor outcomes. Down-regulation of CircRNA_0005075 could significantly suppress the GC cell proliferatshed by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.AIM To identify the associated factors of hope during treatment in cancer patients. BACKGROUND Hope is very important to cancer patients at all stages of the disease process. Hope is seen as an important coping mechanism. Most research about hope in cancer patients considered the end of life or in palliative care. Several and different factors are associated with hope. It is not yet sufficiently clear which factors are associated with hope during the treatment. DESIGN A systematic literature review of quantitative empirical studies on hope in cancer patients during treatment. DATA SOURCES Search in MEDLINE (PubMed interface), CINAHL (EBSCO interface), Psychinfo and Cochrane (January 2009-December 2018). REVIEW METHODS Empirical quantitative studies were included regardless of the disease stage, written in English or Dutch, measuring hope from the perspective of cancer patients. Two authors independently screened all the studies and assessed their quality. RESULTS Thirty-three studies were included. Positive relationship has been established between hope and quality of life, social support, spiritual and existential well-being. Hope appears to be negatively associated with symptom burden, psychological distress and depression. There appears to be no relationship between hope and demographic and clinical variables. The relationship between anxiety and hope remains unclear. CONCLUSIONS Hope primarily seems to be a process that takes place in a person's inner being rather than being determined from outside. IMPACT Health professionals may want to focus on the meaning of hope for cancer patients in relation to the associated factors. A better understanding of the meaning of hope during treatment can be of great value in supporting cancer patients with regard to treatment decisions, psychosocial support, the experienced quality of life and symptom burden and any wishes they may have with regard to advanced care planning. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.OBJECTIVE To report the performance of thoroughbred racehorses after surgical repair of a medial condylar fracture of the third metacarpal/metatarsal bone. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SAMPLE POPULATION Forty-three horses surgically treated for medial condylar fractures, 30 with previous racing experience, 13 without previous racing experience (nonexperienced). METHODS Medical records (2009-2017) were reviewed for signalment, radiographic fracture characteristics, repair technique, and postoperative morbidity and mortality. Each experienced horse was matched with two horses randomly selected from its most recent race to serve as healthy controls. Racing performance parameters (race rating, competitive level, speed rating, performance index) and career racing statistics were compared with multiple regression models between injured experienced horses and controls. The career racing statistics for nonexperienced horses were evaluated. Reasons for nonreturn to racing were obtained. RESULTS The median duration of follow-up was 6 years (minimum 2, maximum 10). Twenty-one of 43 (49%) horses raced again as well as 18 of 30 (60%) experienced horses and three of 13 (23%) nonexperienced horses. Experienced horses were five times more likely than nonexperienced horses to return to racing (95% confidence interval = 0.07-0.58, P = .003). Higher preoperative racing performance parameters were associated with return to racing. Racing performance parameters were lower after the date of fracture in injured horses compared with controls. CONCLUSION Experienced horses were more likely to return to racing after medial condylar fracture repair, although their performance was generally lower than that of comparably uninjured horses. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Owners should be aware that horses with medial condylar fractures likely will race at a lower level than their uninjured peers. © 2020 The American College of Veterinary Surgeons.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of bone, now known as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone, is a rare neoplasm that accounts for less than 2% of all primary malignant bone tumors. The objective of the current study was to evaluate prognosis and survival for MFH of bone. METHODS The 2004 to 2016 National Cancer Database was queried to identify patients with a primary MFH of bone. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were used to analyze overall survival and risk factors associated with overall mortality. RESULTS The overall 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 38.3% and 30.5%, respectively. Increasing stage and metastatic disease at presentation were associated with poor overall survival (P  less then  .001). Patients aged 18 to 50 years (hazard ratio [HR], 0.51), 51 to 75 years (HR, 0.61), and those undergoing surgery (HR, 0.39) had improved survival. Having Medicare insurance (HR, 1.48), residing in a low educated area (HR, 2.56), and positive surgical margins (HR, 1.80) were associated with poor survival. CONCLUSIONS The overall prognosis of MFH of bone is poor with a reported 5-year survival rate of 38.3%. Undergoing surgery and younger age were associated with a better prognosis. Older age, having Medicare insurance, and positive surgical margins were predictors of mortality. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The objectives of this study were to compare the plasma and lung tissue pharmacokinetics of tilmicosin in healthy and Mycoplasma gallisepticum-infected chickens. Tilmicosin was orally administered at 4, 7.5 and 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w) for the infected and 7.5 mg/kg b.w for the uninfected control group. We found no significant differences in plasma tilmicosin pharmacokinetics between diseased and healthy control chickens. In contrast, the lung tissues in M. gallisepticum-infected chickens displayed a t1/2 (elimination half-life) 1.76 times longer than for healthy chickens. The Cmax (the maximum concentration of drug in samples) of tilmicosin in M. gallisepticum-infected chickens was lower than for controls at 7.5 mg/kg b.w (p  less then  .05), and the AUCinf (the area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinity) in infected chickens was higher than for the healthy chickens (p  less then  .05). The mean residence time of tilmicosin in infected chickens was also higher than the healthy chickens. These results indicated that the lungs of healthy chickens had greater absorption of tilmicosin than the infected chickens, and the rate of elimination of tilmicosin from infected lungs was slower. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Inactivation of Bacillales and Clostridiales spores is of interest, since some cause food spoilage and human diseases. A recent publication (Schlievert et al. 2018) reported that glycerol monolaurate (GML) in a non-aqueous gel (GMLg) effectively killed spores of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Clostridioides difficile, and Bacillus anthracis spores somewhat We now show that 1) the B. subtilis spores prepared as in the prior work were impure; 2) if spore viability was measured by diluting spores 1/10 in GMLg, serially diluting incubations 10-fold and spotting aliquots on recovery plates, there was no colony formation from the 1/10-1/1000 dilutions due to GMLg carryover, although thorough ethanol washes of incubated spores eliminated this problem; and 3) GMLg did not kill highly purified spores of B. subtilis, B. Smoothened Agonist cost cereus, Bacillus megaterium and C. difficile in 3-20 h in the conditions used in the recent publication. GMLg also gave no killing of crude B. subtilis spores prepared as in the recent publication in 5 h but gave ~1.5 log killing at 24 h. Thus, GMLg does not appear to be an effective sporicide, although the gel likely inhibits spore germination, and could kill spores somewhat upon long incubations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The 'home-field advantage' (HFA) hypothesis suggests that litter decomposes faster beneath the plant species it derived from than beneath other species because the local adaptation of decomposer community. Yet, this hypothesis is mainly based on observations using leaf litter, and very few studies have assessed whether root litter also decomposes faster in its 'home' environment. We conducted a reciprocal litter transplant experiment among three subtropical forest sites dominated by different tree species and quantified HFA effects for leaf and root litters at six sampling dates over 1132 days. We found that HFA effects were greater for leaves than roots, indicating that HFA is not more pronounced for recalcitrant than labile litter. However, HFA effects were generally inconsistent between leaf and root litters. This underscores the necessity to better understand the interactions between microbial communities above- and below-ground for predicting the responses of plant traits to global changes and their afterlife effects during the decomposition process. Therefore, we conclude that although plant-microbe interactions contribute significantly to nutrient and carbon cycling, these interactions may strongly depend on the plant organ considered and the environmental conditions at the local scale. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Ischemia and reperfusion injury remains a significant limiting factor for the successful revascularization of amputated extremities. Ex vivo normothermic perfusion is a novel approach to prolong the viability of the amputated limbs by maintaining physiologic cellular metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of extended ex vivo normothermic limb perfusion (EVNLP) in preserving the viability of amputated limbs for over 24 hours. A total of 10 porcine forelimbs underwent EVNLP. Limbs were perfused using an oxygenated colloid solution at 38°C containing washed RBCs. Five forelimbs (Group A) were perfused for 12 hours and the following 5 (Group B) until the vascular resistance increased. Contralateral forelimbs in each group were preserved at 4°C as a cold storage control group. Limb viability was compared between the 2 groups through assessment of muscle contractility, compartment pressure, tissue oxygen saturation, indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and thermography. EVNLP was performed for 12 hours in group A and up to 44 hours (24-44 hours) in group B.