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The use of an hybrid approach and more advanced voting layer improved some individual class classification but did not offer better generalization than our baseline fully DL approach.Significance. The proposed approach showed potential at correctly classifying main cardiac abnormalities and dealt well with reduced lead subsets.Despite the anticancer effect of lupeol (Lup), low aqueous solubility can make its therapeutic usage difficult. However, polycaprolactone/Gelatin (PCL-GEL) nanofibers scaffold eliminates this problem. This study has been conducted to recognize PCL-GEL-Lup nanofibers effect on cancer cell lines. PCL-GEL solution was prepared at different ratios (8 wt% and 4 wt%) for achieving optimal nanofibers. PCL-GEL-Lup nanofibers were provided via electrospinning technique. The surface morphology of nanofibers was examined using FESEM. Functional groups were investigated by a Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Lupeol released from nanofibers was detected by a UV-Visible spectroscopy. The drug release profile confirmed the sustained release of about 80% achieved within 40 h. IC50of lupeol against ACHN and HSC-3 cell lines are 52.57 and 66.10μg ml-1respectively. The study results from aid an understanding of the fabrication of a scaffold with an optimum dose of bioactive lupeol in 6 wt% with bead free uniform diameter that is capable of binding the drug efficiently. The enhanced cytotoxicity activity by effective diffusion and elution to the target achieved in this study help to develop a nanofiber in the ongoing battle against cancer.Objective.Fast neural electrical impedance tomography is an imaging technique that has been successful in visualising electrically evoked activity of myelinated fibres in peripheral nerves by measurement of the impedance changes (dZ) accompanying excitation. However, imaging of unmyelinated fibres is challenging due to temporal dispersion (TP) which occurs due to variability in conduction velocities of the fibres and leads to a decrease of the signal below the noise with distance from the stimulus. To overcome TP and allow electrical impedance tomography imaging in unmyelinated nerves, a new experimental and signal processing paradigm is required allowing dZ measurement further from the site of stimulation than compound neural activity is visible. The development of such a paradigm was the main objective of this study.Approach.A finite element-based statistical model of TP in porcine subdiaphragmatic nerve was developed and experimentally validatedex-vivo. Two paradigms for nerve stimulation and processing of the resulting data-continuous stimulation and trains of stimuli, were implemented; the optimal paradigm for recording dispersed dZ in unmyelinated nerves was determined.Main results.While continuous stimulation and coherent spikes averaging led to higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) at close distances from the stimulus, stimulation by trains was more consistent across distances and allowed dZ measurement at up to 15 cm from the stimulus (SNR = 1.8 ± 0.8) if averaged for 30 min.Significance.The study develops a method that for the first time allows measurement of dZ in unmyelinated nerves in simulation and experiment, at the distances where compound action potentials are fully dispersed.The energy off-dtransitions depends on the crystalline field in which the lanthanide ion is inserted. Depending on the experimental setup, these transitions could occur at high energy, so several studies regarding theoretical data have been conducted. Here, we present the experimental determination of the energy of interconfigurational 4fn → 4fn-15d (f-d)transitions from Pr3+ions to the lanthanum orthophosphate LaPO4matrix; we have also determined the bandgap value for this host. The experiments were carried out at the Synchrotron setup of the Brazilian LNLS laboratory. Specifically, we synthesized LaPO4Pr3+and LaPO4Pr3+/Gd3+by the hydrothermal method under different pH conditions or by spray pyrolysis. The particles resulting from hydrothermal synthesis had different morphologies and the influence of pH value was showed the reaction medium was controlled along the process, which changed the surface potential. On the basis of Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction analyses, we found that the crystalline phase was monoclinic monazite for all the samples. We studied the 4f5dlevel and bandgap transitions at high energy by absorption analysis in the VUV range. The experimental results were 7.5 eV (LaPO4bandgap) and 5 eV (4fn→ 4fn-15dtransition of the Pr3+ion), which were close to the theoretical values reported in the literature for this ion and this matrix.Using extensive numerical simulations, we probe the magnetization switching in a two-dimensional artificial spin ice (ASI) system consisting of peanut-shaped nanomagnets. We also investigated the effect of external magnetic field on the degeneracy of the magnetic states in such a system. The switching field is found to be one order smaller in the proposed ASI system with peanut-shaped nanomagnets as compared to the conventionally used highly-anisotropic nanoisland such as elliptically shaped nanomagnets. The metastable two-in/two-out (Type II) magnetic state is robust at the remanence. We are also able to access the other possible microstate corresponding to Type II magnetic configurations by carefully varying the external magnetic field. It implies that one can control the degeneracy of the magnetic state by an application of suitable magnetic field. Interestingly, the magnetic charge neutrality at the vertex breaks due to the defects induced by removing nanomagnets. In such a case, the system also appears to have one-out/three-in or three-out/one-in (Type III) spin state, reminiscent of magnetic monopole at the vertex. We believe that our study is highly desirable in the context of developing the next-generation spintronics-based devices for future technologies.Objective. The purpose of this research is to develop a new deep learning framework for detecting atrial fibrillation (AFib), one of the most common heart arrhythmias, by analyzing the heart's mechanical functioning as reflected in seismocardiography (SCG) and gyrocardiography (GCG) signals. Jointly, SCG and GCG constitute the concept of mechanocardiography (MCG), a method used to measure precordial vibrations with the built-in inertial sensors of smartphones.Approach. We present a modified deep residual neural network model for the classification of sinus rhythm, AFib, and Noise categories from tri-axial SCG and GCG data derived from smartphones. In the model presented, pre-processing including automated early sensor fusion and spatial feature extraction are carried out using attention-based convolutional and residual blocks. Additionally, we use bidirectional long short-term memory layers on top of fully-connected layers to extract both spatial and spatiotemporal features of the multidimensional SCG and GCG signals. The dataset consisted of 728 short measurements recorded from 300 patients. Further, the measurements were divided into disjoint training, validation, and test sets, respectively, of 481 measurements, 140 measurements, and 107 measurements. Prior to ingestion by the model, measurements were split into 10 s segments with 75 percent overlap, pre-processed, and augmented.Main results. On the unseen test set, the model delivered average micro- and macro-F1-score of 0.88 (0.87-0.89; 95% CI) and 0.83 (0.83-0.84; 95% CI) for the segment-wise classification as well as 0.95 (0.94-0.96; 95% CI) and 0.95 (0.94-0.96; 95% CI) for the measurement-wise classification, respectively.Significance. Our method not only can effectively fuse SCG and GCG signals but also can identify heart rhythms and abnormalities in the MCG signals with remarkable accuracy.Implants used in total hip replacements (THR) exhibit high failure rates and up to a decade of operational life. These surgical failures could be mainly attributed to the improper positioning, post-surgical stability and loading, of the implants during different phases of the gait. Typically, revised surgeries are suggested within a few years of hip implantation, which requires multiple femoral drilling operations to remove an existing implant, and to install a new implant. The pain and trauma associated with such procedures are also challenging with the existing hip implants. In this work, we designed a novel corrugated hip implant with innovative dimensioning as per ASTM standards, and grooves for directed insertion and removal (using a single femoral drilling and positioning operation). Biocompatible titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) was chosen as the implant material, and the novel implant was placed into a femur model through a virtual surgery to study its stability and loading during a dynamic gait cycle. A detailed mesh convergence study was conducted to select a computationally accurate finite element (FE) mesh. Tight fit and frictional fit attachment conditions were simulated, and the gait induced displacements and stresses on the implant, cortical and cancellous bone sections were characterized. During walking, the implant encountered the maximum von-Mises stress of 254.97 MPa at the femoral head. The analyses indicated low micro-motions (i.e., approximately 7μm) between the femur and implant, low stresses at the implant and bone within elastic limits, and uniform stress distribution, which unlike existing hip implants, would be indispensable for bone growth and implant stability enhancement, and also for reducing implant wear.We employ the momentum space entanglement renormalization group (MERG) scheme developed in references (Mukherjeeet al2021J. High Energy Phys.JHEP04(2021)148; Patra and Lal 2021Phys. Rev.B104144514) for the study of various insulating, superconducting and normal phases of the doped and the undoped 2D Hubbard model on a square lattice found recently by us (Mukherjee and Lal 2020New J. Phys.22063007; Mukherjee and Lal 2020New J. Phys.22063008). At each MERG step, disentanglement of particular degrees of freedom, transforms the tensor network representation of the many-particle states. The MERG reveals distinct holographic entanglement features for the normal metallic, topologically ordered insulating quantum liquid and Neél antiferromagnetic symmetry-broken ground states of the 2D Hubbard model at half-filling, clarifying the essence of the entanglement phase transitions that separates the three phases. An MERG analysis of the quantum critical point of the hole-doped 2D Hubbard model reveals the evolution of the many-particle entanglement of the quantum liquid ground state with hole-doping, as well as how the collapse of Mottness is concomitant with the emergence of d-wave superconductivity.In skin cancer diagnosis and treatment, one of the key factors is tumor depth, which is connected to the severity and the required excision depth. Optoacoustical (OA) imaging is a relatively popular technique that provides information based on the optical absorption of the sample. selleckchem Although often demonstrated withex vivomeasurements orin vivoimaging on parts of small animals,in vivomeasurements on humans are more challenging. This is presumably because it is too time consuming and the required excitation pulse energies and their number exceed the allowed maximum permissible exposure (MPE). Here, we demonstrate thickness measurements with a transparent optoacoustical detector of different suspicious skin lesionsin vivoon patients. We develop the signal processing technique to automatically convert the raw signal into thickness via deconvolution with the impulse response function. The transparency of the detector allows optical excitation with the pulsed laser to be performed perpendicularly on the lesion, in contrast to the conventional illumination from the side.