Holdenpierce3761

Analyses of migration rates revealed asymmetrical gene flow, which was higher from rural into urban populations than vice versa and may again reflect intensified agricultural land-use practices in rural areas. We discuss that populations inhabiting urban areas will likely play an important role in the future distribution of European rabbits.Mutations in non-coding DNA regions are increasingly recognized as cancer drivers. These mutations can modify gene expression in cis or by inducing high-order chormatin structure modifications with long-range effects. Previous analysis reported the detection of recurrent and functional non-coding DNA mutations in the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) genome, such as those in the 3' untranslated region of NOTCH1 and in the PAX5 super-enhancer. In this report, we used whole genome sequencing data produced by the International Cancer Genome Consortium in order to analyze regions with previously reported regulatory activity. This approach enabled the identification of numerous recurrently mutated regions that were frequently positioned in the proximity of genes involved in immune and oncogenic pathways. By correlating these mutations with expression of their nearest genes, we detected significant transcriptional changes in genes such as PHF2 and S1PR2. More research is needed to clarify the function of these mutations in CLL, particularly those found in intergenic regions.Headache is a common reason to visit the emergency department (ED). Tension-type headache (TTH) is the commonest headache. The diagnosis of TTH implies a mild condition, with no need for special tests. We evaluated the use of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) criteria for TTH in the ED. We performed a cross-sectional study including all ED patients with a definite TTH diagnosis in their discharge report for 2.5 years. We evaluated whether the ICHD criteria for TTH were referenced and met. We analysed discrepancies concerning anamnesis or prior history and reclassified patients. A total of 211 out of 2132 patients fulfilled the criteria (9.9%). Only five patients fulfilled TTH criteria. Criteria A-D were referenced in 60-84% of patients and met in 16-74% of these patients. Anamnesis was discrepant in 87.5% as was prior history in 20.8%. After re-reclassification, 21 patients fulfilled the criteria for TTH (five) or probable TTH (16). In 106 patients, another headache was diagnosed, with migraine in 40 (18.9%), secondary headache in 64 (30.3%), and a life-threatening disorder in 13 (6.1%). In our sample, TTH was overdiagnosed. Only a minority of patients fulfilled the ICHD criteria. Inconsistencies in prior medical history or anamnesis were frequent.Despite the widespread clinical use of cardioprotection by long-term direct antagonism of P2Y12 receptor, underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we identify how release of pro-survival exosomes from human cardiac-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (hCPCs) is regulated by clinically relevant dose of ticagrelor (1 μM), an oral selective and reversible non-thienopyridine P2Y12 inhibitor. Ticagrelor-induced enhancement of exosome levels is related to increased mitotic activity of hCPCs. We show a drug-response threshold above which the effects on hCPCs are lost due to higher dose of ticagrelor and larger adenosine levels. While it is known that pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor halts cell proliferation through dephosphorylation of histone H3 residue Ser10, we demonstrate that it also prevents ticagrelor-induced effects on release of cardiac progenitor cell-derived exosomes delivering anti-apoptotic HSP70. Indeed, sustained pre-treatment of cardiomyocytes with exosomes released from explant-derived hCPCs exposed to low-dose ticagrelor attenuated hypoxia-induced apoptosis through acute phosphorylation of ERK42/44. Our data indicate that ticagrelor can be leveraged to modulate release of anti-hypoxic exosomes from resident hCPCs.Nitrification inhibitors (NIs) have been shown to reduce emissions of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) from agricultural soils. However, their N2O reduction efficacy varies widely across different agro-ecosystems, and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. To investigate effects of the NI 3,4-dimethylpyrazole-phosphate (DMPP) on N-turnover from a pasture and a horticultural soil, we combined the quantification of N2 and N2O emissions with 15N tracing analysis and the quantification of the N2O-reductase gene (nosZ) in a soil microcosm study. Nitrogen fertilization suppressed nosZ abundance in both soils, showing that high nitrate availability and the preferential reduction of nitrate over N2O is responsible for large pulses of N2O after the fertilization of agricultural soils. DMPP attenuated this effect only in the horticultural soil, reducing nitrification while increasing nosZ abundance. DMPP reduced N2O emissions from the horticultural soil by >50% but did not affect overall N2 + N2O losses, demonstrating the shift in the N2ON2 ratio towards N2 as a key mechanism of N2O mitigation by NIs. Under non-limiting NO3- availability, the efficacy of NIs to mitigate N2O emissions therefore depends on their ability to reduce the suppression of the N2O reductase by high NO3- concentrations in the soil, enabling complete denitrification to N2.Metallic Nanoimprinting is a new approach to form robust surface structures on metals at various length scales. The shape and size of the formed structures not only depends on the dimensions of the Nanoimprinting die but also the mechanical behaviour of the imprinted material and its microstructure. To characterise the Nanoimprinting process, a multi length-scale-approach was used by varying the cavities (widths between 20 nm and 2.76 µm) as well as the microstructure of the alloy. CuZn30 was used in different cold-worked and heat-treated conditions, with grain sizes from 100 nm up to 277 µm, thus, covering a wide range of hardening behaviours and grain size to cavity width ratios. Experimental results show that the work hardening behaviour as well as the subgrain or grain size have a major influence on the forming characteristics during Nanoimprinting and a nearly ideal plastic behaviour (no work hardening) leads to the largest extrusion heights. For materials with a pronounced work hardening, low extrusion heights were measured for all cavity widths. This work demonstrates the potential of a simple imprinting process to generate surface features on metallic materials with a width 1.There exist differences in the heat tolerance of Chinese rose varieties, and high temperature in summer can lead to failure of blooming in non-heat-tolerant Chinese rose varieties. We cloned a heat shock protein 70 gene (designated RcHSP70) from heat-tolerant varieties of Chinese rose (Rosa hybrida L.) to elucidate the molecular mechanism of heat tolerance and improve the quality of Chinese rose. Degenerate primers were designed for RcHSP70 according to the 5'- and 3'-end sequences of HSP70 genes in apple and tea. RcHSP70 was cloned from heat-tolerant Chinese rose varieties after heat shock. The heat shock-induced expression patterns of RcHSP70 in different Chinese rose varieties were analyzed by RT-PCR. Following heat shock (38 °C/3 h), RcHSP70 was highly expressed in the heat-tolerant varieties but not in the non-heat-tolerant varieties, indicating a close relationship between RcHSP70 and heat resistance in Chinese rose. To verify the function of RcHSP70, we constructed a prokaryotic expression recombinant vector for this gene and transformed it into Escherichia coli BL21. The tolerance of recombinant strains to abiotic stresses, including high temperature, low temperature, high salt, heavy metals, high pH, and oxidation, was evaluated. learn more Additionally, RcHSP70 was transformed into tobacco plants. Because of the overexpression of this gene, transgenic tobacco plants improved their tolerance to high temperature and cold. In addition, transgenic tobacco showed better photosynthetic performance, relative electrical conductivity and proline content than wild tobacco after heat stress and cold stress. Our findings indicate that RcHSP70 is involved in the resistance of Chinese rose to abiotic stresses.In marine ectotherms, reproduction is an energetically expensive process that affects their thermal window tolerance. For most species, the impacts of hyperthermia during gametogenesis have still not been addressed. Our aim was to assess the metabolic response of adult Nodipecten subnodosus scallops to thermal challenges at early development (spring) and advanced gonad maturation (summer). Scallops collected in both seasons were exposed to acute hyperthermia (26 and 30 °C, 24 h), maintaining a group of scallops at acclimation temperature (22 °C) as a control condition. During the summer, relatively low activity of hexokinase (HK), as well as low levels of ATP and GTP were found in the adductor muscle, suggesting a shift in energy investment for reproduction, although arginine phosphate (ArgP) levels were higher in summer scallops. Hyperthermia (30 °C) induced an increased energy expenditure reflected by a transitory enhanced oxygen consumption (VO2) and relatively high activities of HK and arginine kinase (AK). Moreover, a slight decrease in adenylic energy charge (AEC) was partially compensated by a decrease in ArgP. An increase in nucleotide by-products inosine monophosphate (IMP) and hypoxanthine (HX) indicated a thermal stress at 30 °C. Some of the responses to acute hyperthermia were more pronounced at advanced maturation stages (summer scallops), indicating a possible lack of energy balance, with possible implications in animals challenged to global warming scenario.Low-energy extracorporeal shock waves (LESW) have been studied as a new treatment for angina pectoris and several ischemic diseases because of its effect on angiogenesis and inhibition of fibrosis of the heart. The effect of LESW on fibrosis in liver cirrhosis has not been studied. The aim of this study was to verify the amelioration of liver fibrosis by LESW and elucidate its mechanisms in a rat model of drug-induced liver cirrhosis. Male Wistar rats aged 7 weeks were injected with carbon tetrachloride intraperitoneally twice a week for 12 weeks. Eight rats underwent LESW therapy (0.25 mJ/mm2, 4 Hz, 1000 shots) under general anesthesia (shock wave group). Seven rats only underwent general anesthesia (control group). Quantitative analysis showed that the area of fibrosis in the shock wave group was significantly reduced compared with the control group (11,899.9 vs. 23,525.3 pixels per field, p  less then  0.001). In the shock wave group, the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 was significantly suppressed (0.40-fold, p = 0.018) and vascular endothelial growth factor-B was significantly increased (1.77-fold, p = 0.006) compared with the control group. Serum albumin was significantly higher in the shock wave group than in the control group (3.0 vs. 2.4 g/dl, p = 0.025). Aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio decreased by LESW compared with the control group (1.49 vs. 2.04, p = 0.013). These results suggest that LESW therapy ameliorates liver fibrosis by reducing the expression of TGF-β1 and increasing the expression of angiogenic factors, and improves hepatic function.