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Nurses are well positioned to address these issues in order to provide a high quality of care to adults with AD.Antibiotic resistance is considered as one of the serious public health issues. Antibacterial photocatalytic therapy, a clinically proven antibacterial therapy, is gaining increasing attention in recent years owing to its high efficacy. Here, an acridine-based covalent organic framework (COF) photosensitizer, named TPDA, with multiple active sites is synthesized via Schiff base condensation between 2,4,6-triformylphloroglucinol (TFP) and 3,6-diaminoacridine (DAA). Owing to the increased conjugation effect of the COF skeleton and outstanding light harvesting ability of DAA, TPDA exhibits a narrow optical band gap (1.6 eV), enhancing light energy transformation and conferring a wide optical absorption spectrum (intensity arbitrary unit > 0.8) ranging from the UV to near-infrared region. Moreover, TPDA shows high antibacterial activities against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria within a short time (10 min) of light irradiation and is found to efficiently protect fish from skin infections. Molecular dynamics simulation data show that the introduction of DAA and TFP facilitates the interaction between TPDA and bacteria and is conducive to reactive oxygen species migration, which further improves the antimicrobial performance. These findings indicate the potential of TPDA as a novel photosensitive material for photodynamic therapy.Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gut-brain disorder in which symptoms are shaped by serotonin acting centrally and peripherally. The serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4 has been implicated in IBS pathophysiology, but the underlying genetic mechanisms remain unclear. We sequenced the alternative P2 promoter driving intestinal SLC6A4 expression and identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were associated with IBS in a discovery sample. Identified SNPs built different haplotypes, and the tagging SNP rs2020938 seems to associate with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) in females. rs2020938 validation was performed in 1978 additional IBS patients and 6,038 controls from eight countries. Meta-analysis on data from 2,175 IBS patients and 6,128 controls confirmed the association with female IBS-C. Expression analyses revealed that the P2 promoter drives SLC6A4 expression primarily in the small intestine. Gene reporter assays showed a functional impact of SNPs in the P2 region. In silico analysis of the polymorphic promoter indicated differential expression regulation. Further follow-up revealed that the major allele of the tagging SNP rs2020938 correlates with differential SLC6A4 expression in the jejunum and with stool consistency, indicating functional relevance. Our data consolidate rs2020938 as a functional SNP associated with IBS-C risk in females, underlining the relevance of SLC6A4 in IBS pathogenesis.Previous studies on in utero exposure to maternal environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) or maternal active smoking and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have not been entirely consistent, and no studies have examined in utero cotinine concentrations as an exposure classification method. We measured cotinine in stored second trimester maternal serum for 498 ASD cases and 499 controls born in California in 2011-2012. We also obtained self-reported maternal cigarette smoking during and immediately prior to pregnancy, as well as covariate data, from birth records. Using unconditional logistic regression, we found no association between log10 cotinine concentrations and odds for developing ASD among children of non-smokers (aOR 0.93 [95% CI 0.69, 1.25] per ng/ml), which represents exposure to ETS, though there may be a possible interaction with race. We found no association between cotinine-defined smoking (≥3.08 ng/ml vs. less then 3.08 ng/ml) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.73 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.35, 1.54)) or self-reported smoking (aOR 1.64 [95% CI 0.65, 4.16]) and ASD. In one of the few studies of ETS and the first with measured cotinine, our results indicate no overall relationship between in utero exposure to tobacco smoke from maternal ETS exposure or active smoking, and development of ASD. LAY SUMMARY This study found that women who smoke or are exposed to tobacco smoke during pregnancy are not more likely to have children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). find more This is the first ASD study to measure a chemical in the mother's blood during pregnancy to identify exposure to tobacco smoke.Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an unnoticeable malignant tumor with a high potential of lymphatic metastasis, and its prevalence is high in Asia. Ionizing radiation is the mainstay of treatment for patients with NPC without metastasis. However, patients with metastatic lesions require advanced treatments such as chemotherapy. The present study investigated the apoptotic effect of luteolin-7-O-glucoside on NPC cells and elucidated its underlying signaling mechanisms. The results revealed that luteolin-7-O-glucoside significantly reduced the proliferation of NPC cell lines (NPC-039 and NPC-BM). Flow cytometry and morphological analysis results demonstrated that luteolin-7-O-glucoside treatment induced S and G2 /M cell cycle arrest, chromatin condensation, and apoptosis. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential was observed to be depolarized with an increasing concentration of luteolin-7-O-glucoside. Proteins involved in the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis, such as death receptor, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and Bcl-2 family proteins (Bax, t-Bid, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL), were downregulated and upregulated after treatment with luteolin-7-O-glucoside, respectively. Moreover, the addition of a PI3K/AKT inhibitor enhanced the activation of poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP) and attenuated cell viability, indicating that luteolin-7-O-glucoside induced apoptosis in NPC cells through the AKT signaling pathway. These results indicated that the apoptosis of NPC cells modulated by luteolin-7-O-glucoside may be preceded by mitochondrial depolarization, cell cycle arrest, extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathway activation, and AKT signaling modulation. Thus, luteolin-7-O-glucoside can be a promising anticancer agent against human NPC.