Pereirabattle3052
Only 1 patient (3.7%) developed subsequent symptomatic ICH after the administration of IV rtPA. Of the remaining 613 patients who received IV rtPA, 25 patients (4.1%) developed symptomatic ICH.
This retrospective study provides Level C evidence that patients with imaging evidence of prior asymptomatic intra-parenchymal hemorrhage presenting with an acute ischemic stroke do not show an increased risk of developing symptomatic ICH after IV thrombolysis.
This retrospective study provides Level C evidence that patients with imaging evidence of prior asymptomatic intra-parenchymal hemorrhage presenting with an acute ischemic stroke do not show an increased risk of developing symptomatic ICH after IV thrombolysis.A new carbazole-based mononuclear gold(i) complex was designed and synthesized. The novel luminogen shows significative solid-state reversible mechanochromism, dual-responsive thermochromism and sensitive thin-film vapochromism properties. In addition, we obtained two kinds of crystals of the luminogen that may explain these interesting characteristics.In bacteria, an ensemble of alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunits C (AhpC) and F (AhpF) is responsible for scavenging H2O2. AhpC donates electrons for the reduction of H2O2, which are provided after NADH oxidation by AhpF. The latter contains an N-terminal domain (NTD), catalyzing the electron transfer from NADH via a FAD of the C-terminal domain (CTD) into AhpC. The NADH-bound Escherichia coli AhpF structure revealed that NADH binding brings the substrate to the re-face of the FAD, making the Cys-Cys center of the CTD accessible to the NTD disulfide center for electron transfer (Kamariah et al. (2015) Biochim Biophys Acta 1847, 1139-1152). So far insight into the epitope and mechanism of AhpF and AhpC interaction as well as the electron transfer from the NTD to AhpC have been lacking. find more Here using NMR spectroscopy, we glean insight into the interaction of the NTD of AhpF with AhpC from E. coli. A coordinated disappearance of EcAhpF NTD peaks was observed in the presence of full length EcAhpC, indicating a long-lived AhpC-AhpF complex. C-terminal truncated EcAhpC resulted in a more dynamic interaction, revealing specific residue chemical shift perturbation and hence the binding epitope of the complex. Combined with docking studies, we have suggested that the C terminus of AhpC binds to the backside groove of the NTD. In addition, AhpC-AhpF formation is abolished under reducing conditions. We propose for the first time a binding mechanism in which the C terminus of AhpC wraps around the NTD, slowing the dissociation rate for an efficient electron transfer process, and a release mechanism mediated by the conformational change of the C terminus of AhpC upon reduction.
To describe the meaning and importance of breastfeeding to mothers of infants with phenylketonuria (PKU).
Qualitative description.
Mothers from the United States and Canada were recruited from the PKU Listserv and interviewed by telephone.
Ten breastfeeding mothers with infants who had PKU and were younger than age 36 months.
Mothers' thoughts, decisions, and experiences of breastfeeding their infants with PKU were collected through telephone interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and data were analyzed using thematic descriptive analysis in the context of PKU.
Participants felt that that breastfeeding an infant with PKU was the healthiest choice and was therefore worth the labor. These women believed that this was what a loving mother would choose. As they continued to breastfeed their infants after diagnosis, the views of the participants changed. Initially they saw PKU as a disorder and felt that their infants were ill; later they felt that their infants were healthy in spite of PKU. Normal could mean a breastfeeding infant with PKU.
Findings demonstrate the importance mothers attribute to breastfeeding and their willingness to invest considerable effort to breastfeed. Health care providers working with these mothers should help them strategize for success.
Findings demonstrate the importance mothers attribute to breastfeeding and their willingness to invest considerable effort to breastfeed. Health care providers working with these mothers should help them strategize for success.
This systematic literature review sought to determine the effects of carotid atherosclerotic plaque on local arterial stiffness.
MedLine, EMBASE, and grey literature were searched with the following term ("atherosclerosis" or "carotid atherosclerosis" or "carotid artery disease" or "carotid plaque") AND ("distensibility" or "elasticity" or "stiffness" or "compliance") NOT ("pulse wave velocity" or "PWV" or "carotid-ankle" or "ankle-brachial" or "augmentation index" or "cardio-ankle" or "CAVI" or "flow mediated dilation" or "FMD"). Results were restricted to English language articles reporting local arterial stiffness in human subjects with carotid atherosclerosis.
Of the 1466 search results, 1085 abstracts were screened and 191 full-text articles were reviewed for relevance. The results of the 50 studies that assessed some measure of carotid arterial elasticity or stiffness in patients with carotid plaque were synthesized and reviewed.
A number of different measures of carotid elasticity were found in the literature. Regardless of which metric was used, the majority of studies found increased carotid stiffness (or decreased distensibility) to be associated with carotid plaque presence, the degree of atherosclerosis, and incident stroke.
Carotid artery mechanics are influenced by the presence of atherosclerotic plaque. The clinical applicability of carotid elasticity measures may be limited by the lack of reference values and standardized techniques.
Carotid artery mechanics are influenced by the presence of atherosclerotic plaque. The clinical applicability of carotid elasticity measures may be limited by the lack of reference values and standardized techniques.
The aim of the present study were to elucidate the role of NAMPT in atherosclerosis, by examine NAMPT expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and healthy controls and by examining the regulation and effect of NAMPT on macrophage polarization, hypothesizing that it could influence the polarization to inflammatory and resolving macrophages.
We analyzed RNA levels of NAMPT in PBMC from CAD and healthy controls and found NAMPT to be increased in PBMC from patients with acute coronary syndrome (n = 39) compared to healthy controls (n = 20) and patients with stable CAD (n = 22). Within the PBMC NAMPT was correlated to several inflammatory cytokines and the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2. In vitro cell experiments revealed that NAMPT is increased both intracellular and extracellular in inflammatory M1 macrophages compared to in anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. In addition, inhibiting NAMPT enzymatic activity inhibited M1 polarization in macrophages.
Based on our in vivo and in vitro findings we suggest that NAMPT could contribute to systemic and plaque inflammation in atherosclerotic disorders at least partly through effect on macrophages.
Based on our in vivo and in vitro findings we suggest that NAMPT could contribute to systemic and plaque inflammation in atherosclerotic disorders at least partly through effect on macrophages.
Indeterminate (atypical/suspicious) fine needle aspiration (FNA) interpretation of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (PanNET) can be frustrating for both pathologists and clinicians. Although published literature has often addressed the significance of indeterminate cytologic diagnoses in non-neuroendocrine epithelial lesions, the significance of indeterminate FNA results for PanNET is less established.
The pathology records of The Johns Hopkins hospital were searched for histologic diagnoses of PanNET that had corresponding pre-operative FNA results. Cytopathologic diagnoses were categorized according to the index of suspicion described in the report (atypical, suspicious for PanNET and PanNET). Additionally, the exact reasons for the indeterminate nature of the diagnoses-such as lack of adequate cytologic features, unusual findings, or lack of confirmatory immunocytochemistry (ICC) were investigated.
One hundred and twenty (120) cases of PanNET were identified. Of these, the FNA diagnoses were as follows 78% (94/120) were PanNET, 9% (11/120) were suspicious for PanNET, 6% (7/120) were atypical, 4% (5/120) were benign, 2% (2/120) were non-diagnostic and 1% (1/120) was called a mucinous neoplasm. Of the 94 cases that were definitively PanNET, 74 (78%) required ICC for the diagnosis. Of the 26 cases that were not diagnosed definitively as PanNET, 73% (19/26) were morphologically suggestive of PanNET but did not have sufficient material for confirmatory ICC.
ICC is commonly employed to confirm the cytologic suspicion for PanNET. The most common reasons for indeterminate diagnoses were a quantitative lack of lesional cells and lack of material for confirmatory ICC.
ICC is commonly employed to confirm the cytologic suspicion for PanNET. The most common reasons for indeterminate diagnoses were a quantitative lack of lesional cells and lack of material for confirmatory ICC.
To determine whether in patients with extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT), delayed-time-point 2-F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-positron emission tomography (F-FDG-PET) performs better than standard-time-point F-FDG-PET.
Patients with untreated histologically verified MALT lymphoma, who were undergoing pretherapeutic F-FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) and consecutive F-FDG-PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), using a single F-FDG injection, in the course of a larger-scale prospective trial, were included. Region-based sensitivity and specificity, and patient-based sensitivity of the respective F-FDG-PET scans at time points 1 (45-60 minutes after tracer injection, TP1) and 2 (100-150 minutes after tracer injection, TP2), relative to the reference standard, were calculated. Lesion-to-liver and lesion-to-blood SUVmax (maximum standardized uptake values) ratios were also assessed.
F-FDG-PET at TP1 was true positive in 15 o f 23 involved regions, and F-FDG-PET at TP2 was true-positive in 20 of 23 involved regions; no false-positive regions were noted. Accordingly, region-based sensitivities and specificities were 65.2% (confidence interval [CI], 45.73%-84.67%) and 100% (CI, 100%-100%) for F-FDG-PET at TP1; and 87.0% (CI, 73.26%-100%) and 100% (CI, 100%-100%) for F-FDG-PET at TP2, respectively. FDG-PET at TP1 detected lymphoma in at least one nodal or extranodal region in 7 of 13 patients, and F-FDG-PET at TP2 in 10 of 13 patients; accordingly, patient-based sensitivity was 53.8% (CI, 26.7%-80.9%) for F-FDG-PET at TP1, and 76.9% (CI, 54.0%-99.8%) for F-FDG-PET at TP2. Lesion-to-liver and lesion-to-blood maximum standardized uptake value ratios were significantly lower at TP1 (ratios, 1.05 ± 0.40 and 1.52 ± 0.62) than at TP2 (ratios, 1.67 ± 0.74 and 2.56 ± 1.10; P = 0.003 and P = 0.001).
Delayed-time-point imaging may improve F-FDG-PET in MALT lymphoma.
Delayed-time-point imaging may improve F-FDG-PET in MALT lymphoma.
