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ut longer booking periods than those in the low-infected area (61, 31.28%).

The treatment of patients with lung cancer has been affected by the pandemic to some extent. We provide suggestions on both clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for lung cancer to optimize the process, given the urgency of the current circumstances. The demand for medical support among patients with lung cancer or other life-threatening diseases should be given sufficient attention, especially during the current COVID-19 outbreak.

The treatment of patients with lung cancer has been affected by the pandemic to some extent. We provide suggestions on both clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for lung cancer to optimize the process, given the urgency of the current circumstances. The demand for medical support among patients with lung cancer or other life-threatening diseases should be given sufficient attention, especially during the current COVID-19 outbreak.During the COVID-19 pandemic, special attention has been addressed in cancer care to mitigate the impact on the patient's prognosis. We addressed our preparation to face COVID-19 pandemic in a Hematological and Stem Cell Transplant Unit in Brazil during the first two months of COVID-19 pandemic and described COVID-19 cases in patients and health care workers (HCW). Modifications in daily routines included a separation of area and professionals, SARS-CoV-2 screening protocols, and others. A total of 47 patients and 54 HCW were tested for COVID-19, by PCR-SARS-CoV-2. We report 11 cases of COVID-19 in hematological patients (including 2 post stem cell transplant) and 28 cases in HCW. Hematological cases were most severe or moderate and presented with several poor risk factors. Among HCW, COVID-19 were mostly mild, and all recovered without hospitalization. A cluster was observed among HCW. Despite a decrease in the number of procedures, the Transplant Program performed 8 autologous and 4 allogeneic SCT during the period, and 49 onco-hematological patients were admitted to continuing their treatments. Although we observed a high frequency of COVID-19 among patients and HCW, showing that SARS-CoV-2 is disseminated in Brazil, hematological patients were safely treated during pandemic times.Despite the frightening mortality rate associated with COVID-19, there is no known approved drug to effectively combat the pandemic. COVID-19 clinical manifestations include fever, fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, and other complications. At present, there is no known effective treatment or vaccine that can mitigate/inhibit SARS-CoV-2. Available clinical intervention for COVID-19 is only palliative and limited to support. Thus, there is an exigent need for effective and non-invasive treatment. This article evaluates the possible mechanism of actions of SARS-CoV-2 and present Nigeria based medicinal plants which have pharmacological and biological activities that can mitigate the hallmarks of the pathogenesis of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 mode of actions includes hyper-inflammation characterized by a severe and fatal hyper-cytokinaemia with multi-organ failure; immunosuppression; reduction of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to enhance pulmonary vascular permeability causing damage to the alveoli; and further activated by open reading frame (ORF)3a, ORF3b, and ORF7a via c-Jun N- terminal kinase (JNK) pathway which induces lung damage. These mechanisms of action of SARS-CoV-2 can be mitigated by a combination therapy of medicinal herbs based on their pharmacological activities. Since the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are multifactorial with co-morbidities, we strongly recommend the use of combined therapy such that two or more herbs with specific therapeutic actions are administered to combat the mediators of the disease.The novel COVID-19 is a worldwide transmitted pandemic and has received global attention. Since there is no effective medication yet, to minimize and control the transmission of the COVID-19, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are followed globally. However, for the implementation of needful NPIs through effective management strategies and planning, space-time-based information on the nature, magnitude, pattern of transmission, hotspots, the potential risk factors, vulnerability, and risk level of the pandemic are important. Hence, this study was an attempt to in-depth assess and analyze the COVID-19 outbreak and transmission dynamics through space and time in Bangladesh using 154 day real-time epidemiological data series. District-level data were analyzed for the geospatial analysis and modelling using GIS. Getis-Ord Gi* statistics was applied for the hotspot analysis, and on the other hand, the analytical hierarchy process-based weighted sum method (AHP-WSM) was used for the modelling of vulnerability ulnerable zoning exercise made it possible to identify vulnerable areas with the different magnitude that require urgent intervention through proper management and action plan, and accordingly, comprehensive management strategies were anticipated. Thus, this study will be a useful guide towards understanding the space-time-based investigations and vulnerable area delineation of the COVID-19 and assist to formulate an effective management action plan to reduce and control the disease propagation and impacts. By appropriate adjustment of some factors with local relevance, COVID-19 vulnerability zoning derived here can be applied to other regions, and generally can be used for any other infectious disease. This method was applied at a regional scale, but the availability of larger scale data of the determining factors could be applied in small areas too, and accordingly, management strategies can be formulated.Age is a significant risk factor for disease of the prostate. However, the mechanisms by which age increases disease risk have not been well described. We previously reported age-related changes within the inflammatory and luminal compartments of the mouse prostate. Old mouse prostates exhibit an expansion of the population of Trop2+ luminal progenitor cells and a reduction in the frequency and functional capacity of Trop2- luminal cells, indicating that different cell-types have distinct responses to aging. Whether distinct cell-types in the prostate share a common signature of aging has not been established. We transcriptionally profiled four distinct cell-types in young adult and old mouse prostates stromal, basal, Trop2+ luminal progenitor and Trop2- luminal cells. Motif analysis of genes upregulated in old prostate cell-types pointed to transcriptional regulators of inflammatory and hypoxia-related signaling. Glutathione metabolism and the antioxidant response emerged as a common signature of aging across prostatic lineages. Expression of genes implicated in mouse prostate aging, including the antioxidant response gene Hmox1, correlates with age of diagnosis in primary prostate tumors from the TCGA cohort. These findings reveal a common signature shared by distinct cell-types in the old prostate reflective of age-associated metabolic reprogramming.Within the adult population, studies of the granular clinical outcomes of appendicovesicostomy (AV) and augmentation enterocystoplasty (AE) have been limited to case series. Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) data, this study sought to describe the population undergoing these procedures. An analysis of the ACS NSQIP database (2015 to 2018) was performed, capturing patients with procedure codes of enterocystoplasty with intestinal anastomosis or cutaneous appendicovesicostomy. Patients were stratified into three groups, if they underwent either procedure, or both procedures. Demographics, comorbidities, perioperative variables, surgeon specialty, and outcomes were described. 130 patients undergoing AV or AE were captured. Most of these patients were white (70.77%) and middle aged (46.78±17.33 years). Most patients were an American Society of Anesthesiologists class 3 or greater risk (71.54%). A higher percentage of AE patients were readmitted, returned to the operating room, and had postoperative UTI or sepsis compared to those undergoing AV or AV+AE. The most common complication overall was readmission related to the operation (14.62%). The most common postoperative diagnosis was neurogenic related in over half of cases. The study shows patients undergoing bladder augmentation and appendicovesicostomy are readmitted not infrequently. Risk of infection, sepsis, bleeding, and reoperation are also not insignificant. Further studies should be carried out to aid in decreasing complication rate and readmissions after these procedures.Within the last decade, bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) domain inhibitors were introduced as the first in a wave of new agents known as bromodomain inhibitors. These original examples exhibited anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, and some have progressed to human clinical trials. BET proteins and their conserved N-terminal bromodomains, BD1 and BD2, have been implicated in the regulation of transcription. The early-generation BET inhibitors showed equal affinity for BD1 and BD2, and therefore the differential roles of BD1 and BD2 remain poorly understood. A recent study published in Science by Gilan et al. outlines the transcriptional and phenotypic effects of inhibiting BD1 and BD2 individually, specifically in the context of cancer and immunoinflammatory pathologies. These findings suggest that BD1 and BD2 have separate and distinct roles in transcriptional regulation, and that BD1- and BD2-selective agents may exhibit higher clinical efficacies in solid tumors, such as prostate cancer, with fewer off-target side effects seen with early generation compounds.F-box and WD repeat domain containing (FBXW) family of E3 ligases has 10 members that ubiquitinate substrate proteins for proteasome-mediated degradation. Publicly archived datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Prostate Cancer Transcriptome Atlas (PCTA), and cBioPortal were analyzed for mRNA expression and genetic alterations of 10 FBXW genes. We found that FBXW7 mRNA expression was significantly decreased in primary prostate cancers compared to normal prostate tissues, whereas mRNA expression of FBXW8-10 was significantly increased in primary prostate cancers compared to normal prostate tissues. 1-Deoxynojirimycin FBXW7 mRNA expression was also significantly decreased in breast invasive carcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. In contrast, FBXW7 mRNA expression was significantly increased in cholangiocarcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma, liver hepnificantly more overall gene alterations including gene amplifications in mCRPCs than primary prostate cancers. FBXW5 and 7 had significantly more gene deep deletions in mCRPCs than primary prostate cancers and FBXW7 had significantly more gene missense mutations in mCRPCs than primary prostate cancers. Our findings suggest that different FBXW genes have differential mRNA expression in prostate cancer and other cancer types and their gene amplifications are significantly more in mCRPCs than primary prostate cancers. FBXW7 mRNA expression is consistently decreased in primary prostate cancers compared to normal prostate tissues.