Andreasenshapiro5469
Non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis, including Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) and xanthogranuloma are rare disorders with occasional overlapping in the histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) findings. We report the case of a 53-year-old woman with erythematous-violaceous plaques on the cheeks and edema in the auricular pavilions. A biopsy was performed and the histopathological examination revealed a histiocytic proliferation with emperipolesis characteristic of RDD and lymphoplasmocitic infiltrate. IHC analysis showed S100 and CD68 positivity in the histiocytes but was negative for CD1a, supporting the diagnosis of RDD. Molecular analysis failed to detect BRAF-V600, NRAS or KRAS mutation. We discuss the differential diagnosis of cutaneous non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Pathologist must be aware of unusual presentations of RDD and further treatment options must be explored for patients with unresectable lesions and/or resistance to the classical management of RDD.Malakoplakia is a chronic inflammatory process caused by a lysosomal defect in bacterial digestion. Although rare, it occurs more frequently in the genitourinary tract and in patients with immune dysfunction. The bladder is the most commonly affected site, although cases have been reported in other organs, including the prostate gland. Clinically, this lesion can be confused with malignant tumours, both on physical examination and imagining techniques. This is particularly pronounced in the prostate, making the differential diagnosis challenging. Histologically, characteristic aggregates of histiocytes with basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions composed of calcium and iron salts are found. We present a case diagnosed on transrectal biopsy as acinar adenocarcinoma with a Gleason 5 + 5 = 10 score. Prostatectomy revealed an unusual association of diffuse prostate malakoplakia and an area of acinar adenocarcinoma with a Gleason score of 3 + 4 = 7.Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency with numerous clinical facets, including acute kidney injury and acute cerebrovascular disease. Further knowledge of its various pathogenic mechanisms is essential, including coagulation disorders. Monoclonal gammopathy is characterized by the overproduction of a monoclonal immunoglobulin caused by clonal proliferation. Using a postmortem study of ultrasound-guided percutaneous core biopsies, the aim of this report is to present our observations on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection pathology associated with monoclonal gammopathy. The clinical presentation was acute renal failure. Pathological findings revealed kappa light chain cast nephropathy. SARS-CoV-2 immunohistochemistry was positive in some renal tubular cells. Another notable finding was the presence of a high density of alveolar megakaryocytes, which probably explained the final outcome (acute cerebrovascular disease). Immunohistochemical study for SARS-CoV-2 does not verify the pathogenic effect of the virus and thus its contribution to the acute kidney injury.
The kidney is one of the organs most frequently affected by disease processes which produce monoclonal immunoglobins, therefore renal morphological and immunopathological alterations should be clearly recognized.
To describe the pathological features of renal involvement in monoclonal gammopathies.
A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study of renal biopsies studied in a single center during a period of 14 years was carried out.
102 cases were included, of which 53% were male patients and the median age was 62.5 years (range 34 - 79). 97% of the biopsies were from native kidneys. The most frequent histopathological diagnosis (31.4%) was myeloma kidney, with kappa being the light chain most frequently deposited (65.6% of cases). AL amyloidosis was the second most common (29.4%) where the lambda chain predominated in 86.6%, followed by light chain deposition disease (20.6%) with the predominance of the kappa chain in 66.6%.
The most frequent renal involvement due to monoclonal gammopathies was myeloma kidney with deposition of kappa light chains, followed by AL lambda amyloidosis; these diseases were found more frequently in patients over 50 years of age.
The most frequent renal involvement due to monoclonal gammopathies was myeloma kidney with deposition of kappa light chains, followed by AL lambda amyloidosis; these diseases were found more frequently in patients over 50 years of age.Adenomyoma of the cervix is a rare, benign lesion. It is a localized form of adenomyosis, which is surrounded by a benign muscle proliferation forming a tumor similar to leiomyoma. Of the three histological variants of adenomyomas, the most frequent is the endocervical type. We present a case of a 34-year-old woman with a tumor in the lower uterine segment which enlarged during pregnancy, replacing the entire cervix and resulting in the occlusion of the endocervical canal. Ultrasound and tomography showed a mixed tumor pushing aside the uterus and bladder. Speculoscopy revealed that the tumor protruded towards the vaginal canal. Histopathological established the diagnosis of a cervical adenomyoma of the endometrioid type.Triple negative breast cancer is defined by the lack of expression of estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. Lirafugratinib Significant molecular, morphological and clinical heterogeneity is present in this group of neoplasms. Although the majority are high-grade tumors, low-grade triple negative breast cancers can occur and their evolution, molecular characteristics and therapeutic management vary from the former. In the current review, we focus on the histological and immunohistochemical phenotypes of two new low-grade cases an acinic cell carcinoma and an adenoid cystic carcinoma. Data originated from the pathology department of a third-level hospital over an 18-month period, within a breast cancer screening program. Low-grade triple negative cancers should be suspected in triple negative breast cancers with low proliferative rates as, unlike high-grade tumors, they require a multidisciplinary approach. They can be diagnosed at an early stage by immunohistochemistry using core needle biopsy.
The high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in pathologists, together with the current trend towards the digitization of pathology, prompted us to study the different types of input devices employed during the revision of whole slide images, in order to investigate the pattern and extent of muscle activity involved in their use.
A comparative study was made of 10 input devices (conventional and vertical mouse, three trackballs, the Ergopointer™, the Rollermouse™, an optical pen mouse, a touchpad, and the Leap Motion™). Six medical students performed a standardized circuit using a Fitts' Law based tissue array, digitized. The electrical activity of seven upper limb muscles (adductor pollicis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor digitorum, flexor digitorum, middle deltoid, upper trapezius, and middle trapezius) was measured using surface electromyography.
Statistically significant differences in the overall electrical activity among the different input devices, both absolute values in mV as well as noould result in different muscular fatigue patterns. Even though the selection of an input device is a matter of personal preference, its impact on ergonomics should be considered.
Remote diagnosis of frozen sections is an important asset for hospitals that do not have full-time pathologists. Ongoing advances in information technology are constantly being incorporated and we have used real time high-definition video.
Our microscope was connected to a video camera with a 1080p resolution and its signal sent to the computer where OBS software encoded and transmitted video streams to YouTube and Twitch distribution platforms.
The high-quality image thus achieved allows an accurate, remote evaluation of frozen sections. Access through web pages allows them to be reviewed anywhere from any device with an Internet connection.
Remote intraoperative diagnosis is a challenge for pathologists and image quality is a critical requirement for its implementation, which can be solved by video streaming technology. The proper training of technicians is essential. This system can also be applied to many other areas of pathology, such as teaching and consultation.
Remote intraoperative diagnosis is a challenge for pathologists and image quality is a critical requirement for its implementation, which can be solved by video streaming technology. The proper training of technicians is essential. This system can also be applied to many other areas of pathology, such as teaching and consultation.
To identify changes in current practice patterns, salaries, and satisfaction by gender and by years in practice among board-certified reproductive endocrinology and infertility (REI) subspecialists in the United States.
Cross-sectional web-based survey including 37 questions conducted by the Society for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility.
Not applicable.
None.
None.
The primary outcome measures were total compensation and practice patterns compared by gender and the type of practice. The secondary outcomes included demographics, the number of invitro fertilization cycles, surgeries performed, and the morale of survey respondents.
There were 370 respondents (48.4% women and 51.4% men). Compared with a similar survey conducted 6 years earlier, a 27% increase in the number of female respondents was observed in this survey. There was a marginally significant trend toward lower compensation for female than male REI subspecialists (17% lower, $472,807 vs. $571,969). The gap was seen for responders with ≥10 years' experience, which is also when there was the largest gap between private and academic practice (mean $820,997 vs, $391,600). Most (77%) felt positively about the current state of the reproductive endocrinology field, and >90% would choose the subspecialty again.
There has been a substantial increase in the number of recent female REI subspecialists showing less disparity in compensation, and the gap appears to be closing. There is an increasing gap in compensation between private and academic practices with ≥5 years of experience. Reproductive endocrinology and infertility remains a high morale specialty.
There has been a substantial increase in the number of recent female REI subspecialists showing less disparity in compensation, and the gap appears to be closing. There is an increasing gap in compensation between private and academic practices with ≥5 years of experience. Reproductive endocrinology and infertility remains a high morale specialty.
To determine how often the results of a single trophectoderm (TE) biopsy tested by PGTseq, a targeted next-generation sequencing preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy technology, reflect the biology of the rest of the embryo.
Blinded prospective cohort study.
University-affiliated private practice.
A total of 300 blastocysts were donated; 113 of these embryos were euploid; 163 embryos possessed at least one whole chromosome aneuploidy; and 24 embryos were negative for whole chromosome aneuploidy but possessed at least one secondary finding on initial TE biopsy.
All blastocysts underwent rebiopsy and preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy on the PGTseq platform.
Partial concordance rate per embryo, total concordance rate per embryo, and total concordance rate per chromosomal event.
An initial TE biopsy result of euploidy or whole chromosome aneuploidy was reconfirmed in >99% of rebiopsied samples, affirming that meiotic errors are manifested in almost the entire embryo. In contrast, results of whole chromosome or segmental mosaicism were confirmed in 15%-18% of subsequent rebiopsies, suggesting that mitotic events are only sporadically seen throughout the embryo.
