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In Mexico there is little information regarding the link between metabolic syndrome (MetS), socioeconomic status (SES) and quality of life (QoL).

To assess the association between subjects who are at high risk of developing MetS with SES and QoL.

Patients attending UMF-2 IMSS or Centro Urbano-SSA Clínica-1 were asked to participate. Anthropometric measures were collected, the AMAI, SF12, and ESF-I questionnaire where apply for SES, QoL, and MetS, respectively. Association were determined by calculating Spearman's rho and the risk (odds ratio and 95% confidence-interval) was assessed using logistic regression.

The difference of SES (193 ± 53 vs. 124 ± 50) and QoL (86.3 ± 14.8 vs. 56.0±25.4) questionnaires were significantly between low-risk and high-risk groups, respectively (p < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between ESF-I and SES (rho = -0.623, p < 0.001) as well as the QoL (rho = -0.719, p < 0.001). MetS risk was augmented by decreasing SES (C+ OR = 6.4, 95%IC 3.2-13.0; D OR = 66.1, 95%IC 23.2-188.3), whereas increasing QoL attenuated it (OR = 0.93, 95%CI 0.91-0.94). However, QoL mitigated the effect of SES (C+ OR = 4.5, 95%IC 2.1-9.6; D OR = 11.9, 95%IC 3.8-37.6).

Lower QoL and SES increased the risk of MetS in Central Mexico; however, improving the QoL can mitigated the effect SES has on developing MetS.

Lower QoL and SES increased the risk of MetS in Central Mexico; however, improving the QoL can mitigated the effect SES has on developing MetS.

SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus described for the first time in China, in December 2019. This virus can cause a disease with a very variable spectrum that ranges from asymptomatic cases to deaths. The most severe cases are normally associated with comorbidities and with the age of the patient. However, there are patients who are not part of these risk groups and develop severe cases.

To determine the association between coinfections by SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses and their clincal outcome.

RT-qPCR was performed to determine the presence of 16 respiratory viruses in 103 confirmed COVID-19 cases. BRD7389 cell line Demographic and comorbid data were collected, and statistical analyzes were performed to determine associations with severity.

Of the 103 analyzed cases, 14 (13.6%) presented a coinfection, of these, 92% did not require hospitalization, even in those cases in which the patient presented advanced age and some comorbidities.

These results suggest that coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses is not related to a more severe form of COVID-19 and, in some cases, depending on the virus involved, it could even lead to a better prognosis. These findings lay the foundations for the development of new studies that could determine the biological mechanism of this phenomenon.

These results suggest that coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses is not related to a more severe form of COVID-19 and, in some cases, depending on the virus involved, it could even lead to a better prognosis. These findings lay the foundations for the development of new studies that could determine the biological mechanism of this phenomenon.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between state marijuana legalization and the rates of unintentional ingestions of marijuana in children younger than 6 years.

This was a retrospective review of all marijuana ingestions in the National Poison Data System in children younger than 6 years between January 1, 2000, and July 31, 2017. Data analysis from NPDS included, age, sex, state and year of occurrence, clinical effects, therapies, health care facility utilization, and medical outcome. Population of children younger than 6 years was obtained from the US Census Bureau. Public records search provided state legal status of marijuana and year of state marijuana legalization.

From 2000 through 2008, there was no significant change in the annual number or rate of ingestions of marijuana in children younger than 6 years across the United States. Following 2009, there was mean annual increase of 27% per year, rising to 742 ingestions per year or 2.98 ingestions per 100,000 population, respectively, in 2017. More than 70% of all cases occurred in states with legalized marijuana. Of all pediatric patients, 54.6% received some form of hospital-based care, of which 7.5% required critical care. Pediatric patients experienced a wide range of symptoms from drowsiness and confusion, to seizures and coma. Medical treatments ranged from hydration therapy to sedation and intubation. Poison centers safely managed 23.4% of these pediatric cases by phone, without the need for hospital evaluation.

There was a strong association between the legalization of marijuana and ingestions of marijuana by children younger than 6 years.

There was a strong association between the legalization of marijuana and ingestions of marijuana by children younger than 6 years.

The aim of this study was to assess serum albumin level on admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) as a prognostic indicator.

A prospective study was conducted in Fayoum University Children's Hospital. The study subjects' demographics and clinical and laboratory data were recorded. Pediatric Risk of Mortality III (PRISM-III) score was calculated. Serum albumin level was assessed within 24 hours from admission. Outcomes included mortality, PICU and hospital stay, need and duration of mechanical ventilation, and inotrope use.

The incidence of admission hypoalbuminemia was 26%. The study subjects had a significantly higher mortality rate than subjects with normal albumin levels (42.3% vs 17.6%, respectively, P = 0.011). Each unit of increase in serum albumin decreased the risk of mortality by 28.9% (odds ratio, 0.289; confidence interval, 0.136-0.615, P = 0.001). Serum albumin showed a fair discriminatory power (area under the curve, 0.738). At a cutoff point of ≤3.7 g/dL, albumin had a 79.2% sensitivity, 67.1% specificity, 43.2% positive predictive value, and 91.1% negative predictive value. Incorporation of serum albumin with PRISM-III score was more predictive of mortality than either predictors alone (area under the curve, 0.802). No significant difference was found between the 2 groups regarding either PICU and hospital stay as well as the need and duration of ventilation.

In PICUs, admission hypoalbuminemia is a good predictor of mortality. Further studies to confirm the value of adding serum albumin to PRISM-III score are recommended.

In PICUs, admission hypoalbuminemia is a good predictor of mortality. Further studies to confirm the value of adding serum albumin to PRISM-III score are recommended.

Agitation and restraint among pediatric psychiatric patients are a frequent, yet little studied, source of morbidity and, rarely, mortality in the emergency department (ED). This study examined agitation and restraint among youth patients in a specialized pediatric psychiatric ED, considering clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of those who required restraint to determine the clinical correlates of agitation and restraint in this population.

This descriptive study was a 6-year retrospective chart review of all patients restrained for acute agitation. Demographics, clinical characteristics, diagnoses, and reasons for restraint were collected. Relationships between sociodemographic and clinical variables to types of restraints used were examined, along with change over the study period in rate of and mean time in restraint.

The average restraint rate was 1.94%, which remained fairly consistent throughout study period, although average time in restraint decreased significantly. Restraints were mos, rather than focusing narrowly on older patients with psychotic or substance use disorders.

A lower rate of restraint is reported here than has been seen in programs where youths are treated in medical or adult psychiatric EDs. Hospitals without specialized pediatric psychiatric emergency programs should invest in staff training in deescalation techniques and in access to pediatric psychiatric treatment. The finding that, of youth restrained, a significant proportion were under 12 years old and/or carried diagnoses not typically associated with aggressive behavior, indicates that crisis prevention, management, and treatment should include younger populations and diverse diagnostic groups, rather than focusing narrowly on older patients with psychotic or substance use disorders.

Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) accounts for most trauma in children. Although the focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) is considered standard of care in the evaluation of adults with traumatic injuries, there is limited evidence to support its use as an isolated evaluation tool for intra-abdominal injury as a result of BAT in children. Although a positive FAST examination could obviate the need for a computed tomography scan before OR evaluation in a hemodynamically unstable patient, a negative FAST examination cannot exclude intra-abdominal injury as a result of BAT in isolation. In this article, we review the evaluation of BAT in children, describe the evaluation for free intraperitoneal fluid and pericardial fluid using the FAST examination, and discuss the limitations of the FAST examination in pediatric patients.

Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) accounts for most trauma in children. Although the focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) is considered standard of care in the evaluation of adults with traumatic injuries, there is limited evidence to support its use as an isolated evaluation tool for intra-abdominal injury as a result of BAT in children. Although a positive FAST examination could obviate the need for a computed tomography scan before OR evaluation in a hemodynamically unstable patient, a negative FAST examination cannot exclude intra-abdominal injury as a result of BAT in isolation. In this article, we review the evaluation of BAT in children, describe the evaluation for free intraperitoneal fluid and pericardial fluid using the FAST examination, and discuss the limitations of the FAST examination in pediatric patients.

The aims of the study were to identify and to describe cases of pediatric tick paralysis presenting to an emergency department in southern Louisiana during an 11-year period.

We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients aged 0 to 18 years with a diagnostic code of toxic effect of venom, tick-borne viral encephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, acute infective polyneuritis, or abnormality of gait from July 2005 to June 2016. Data were collected on visit month, patient age, race and sex, tick's attachment site, location of tick removal, symptoms and length of symptoms, initial diagnosis, time to appropriate diagnosis, and hospital length of stay.

Nine patients aged 2 to 10 years presented with lower limb weakness and varying degrees of upper extremity ataxia or paralysis, areflexia, dysarthria, diplopia, or petechia. Five cases were accurately and rapidly diagnosed; 4 cases involved a delay in accurate diagnosis. Treatment of the misdiagnosed cases ranged from septic workup to neurologic workup, including magnetic resonance imaging. The tick was discovered by the patients' relative in 4 cases, by a primary care or emergency care physician at another facility in 3 cases, and by 1 of our emergency care physicians in 2 patients.

The incidence of tick paralysis in southern Louisiana is unknown. However, our case series indicates that it is likely higher than expected. Although most cases in our facility were quickly diagnosed and treated through tick removal, delayed diagnosis results in unnecessary tests, procedures, and medical costs. All of our cases fully recovered after tick removal.

The incidence of tick paralysis in southern Louisiana is unknown. However, our case series indicates that it is likely higher than expected. Although most cases in our facility were quickly diagnosed and treated through tick removal, delayed diagnosis results in unnecessary tests, procedures, and medical costs. All of our cases fully recovered after tick removal.