Mccallumshaw9217

The first dental visit (FDV) within 1 year of age is important for establishing good oral health behaviors for young children, but delayed FDVs are common.

This study aimed to investigate the predisposing, enabling, and need factors of maternal willingness to attend the FDV for infants.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among mothers of infants aged 11-14 months. A questionnaire was developed based on Andersen's behavioral model of health service utilization. Data regarding the FDV, FDV willingness, and reasons for not attending the FDV were collected. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the associated factors.

Of 658 infants, only 2.7% (18) had FDV. Thirty percent (191/640) of mothers reported their willingness to attend the FDV in the next 3 months. Nearly two-thirds of mothers reported not attending the FDV since their children's teeth were healthy. Maternal perceptions of their infants' oral health status were negatively associated with willingness to undergo the FDV, while family social support was positively associated with willingness to undergo the FDV.

Need factors play a key role in the utilization of FDV. Improving parental awareness of FDV might help parents voluntarily attend the FDV, and offering support from the family and healthcare system levels enables access to pediatric dental care.

Need factors play a key role in the utilization of FDV. Improving parental awareness of FDV might help parents voluntarily attend the FDV, and offering support from the family and healthcare system levels enables access to pediatric dental care.The accurate diagnosis of Xp11-translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in adults is challenging. TFE3 (located on chromosome X) fuses with a partner gene generally located on another chromosome. In rare cases TFE3 may fuse with a neighboring gene RBM10. Because TFE3 false-positive immunostaining is a common pitfall in many laboratories, demonstration of the chromosomal rearrangement is required in order to ascertain the diagnosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-that has been considered as the gold standard method-reaches its limits for detecting small Xp11 paracentric inversions. We performed a comprehensive clinical, histological and genomic study of six novel cases of RCC with RBM10-TFE3 fusion. Using FISH, TFE3 rearrangement was equivocal in one case and negative in others. RBM10-TFE3 fusion was discovered using targeted RNA sequencing (RNASeq). As all the previously reported cases (mean age 50), the six patients were adults (mean age 42), suggesting an epidemiologic difference between RBM10-TFE3 RCC and tumors harboring some other partner genes, such as ASPSCR1 that rather occur in children. Array-comparative genomic hybridization showed several alterations, notably a gain of 17q in four cases with papillary features and loss of 3p in one case with clear cells. Our study demonstrates that, though rare among adult cases of RCC, RBM10-TFE3 fusion is not exceptional and warrants appropriate molecular detection. Notably, it would be worthy to systemically investigate by RNASeq challenging RCC with type-2 papillary features and 17q gain.

Parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) have concerns including guilt and worry. However, difference in concerns by cleft type is under-researched.

To compare differences in perceived concerns among parents of children with CL/P by cleft type, adjusting for children's gender and age.

Cross-sectional study conducted in an outpatient centre, assessing psychological status of 171 parents of children ages <12 with CL/P using 12 items.

Across cleft types, 'I am worried about whether the child's teeth will be straight' was the most strongly perceived concern (70.8%). After adjusting for gender and age, logistic regression showed significant differences in type of CL/P for (e.g.) 'I am worried that the child's appearance will not be beautiful', associated with CL over CP (OR=0.07, 95%CI 0.02-0.26) and CLP over CP (8.52, 3.23-22.50);' 'I am concerned about my child being able to speak well', associated with CP (3.12, 1.07-9.11) and CLP (5.70, 2.43-13.33) over CL, and 'I am worried that the child could suffer due to his/her appearance', associated with CL over CP (0.08, 0.03-0.29) and CLP over CP (10.07, 13.78-27.36).

Parents' concerns were influenced by cleft type.

Parents' concerns were influenced by cleft type.

Musculoskeletal pain is a common emergency department (ED) presentation, and patient-centered care may improve quality of life, treatment satisfaction, and outcomes. Our objective was to investigate the expectations, definitions of success, and priorities of ED patients with musculoskeletal pain.

We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the demographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics of adult ED patients (n=210) with musculoskeletal pain. Patients completed the Patient-Centered Outcomes Questionnaire to quantify usual, desired, expected, and successful levels of pain and interference with daily activities, fatigue, and emotion from 0 (none) to 100 (worst imaginable). They also reported the importance of improvement in each domain. Cluster analysis identified subgroups by importance ratings. Patients were asked their willingness to try various pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments. Fully completed surveys were analyzed (n=174).

Most patients desired 100% resolution in each domain and ersonalized approaches from the ED and (2) patients are flexible in which treatments they are willing to try to meet their individual goals.

Our findings indicate that (1) patient subgroups by outcome priorities may exist that could inform multimodal, personalized approaches from the ED and (2) patients are flexible in which treatments they are willing to try to meet their individual goals.

To determine whether psychosocial determinants of adverse childhood experiences (ACE), from pregnancy to 2years old, are associated with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) in Indigenous children.

Secondary data analyses from an ECC prevention trial among 344 First Nations mother-child dyads living on- and off-reserve in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada. Stratified (on-/off-reserve) logistic regression, controlling for mother's age and income source, assessed three categories of psychosocial ACE determinants alcohol/drug misuse, household financial hardship (overcrowding and food insecurity) and emotional/social well-being (Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), sense of personal control (SOC), social support, subjective social status).

Household overcrowding [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.89 (95% CI 1.06-3.38)], food insecurity [AOR=2.86 (1.53-5.34)] and mothers' high perceived stress [AOR=2.48 (1.40-4.37)] were associated with S-ECC (dmft>9) for those on-reserve. Maternal SOC had a protective effect for off-reserve children [AOR=0.17 (0.03-0.95)].

Increased efforts to reduce psychosocial ACE determinants are paramount to decreasing Indigenous children's vulnerability to S-ECC.

Increased efforts to reduce psychosocial ACE determinants are paramount to decreasing Indigenous children's vulnerability to S-ECC.

Public engagement is increasingly viewed as an important pillar of scientific scholarship. For early career and established scholars, navigating the mosaic landscape of public education and science communication, noted for rapid "ecological" succession, can be daunting. Moreover, academics are characterized by diverse skills, motivations, values, positionalities, and temperaments that may differentially incline individuals to particular public translation activities.

Here we briefly contextualize engagement activities within a scholarly portfolio, describe the use of one public education program-March Mammal Madness (MMM)- to highlight approaches to science communication, and explore essential elements and practical considerations for creating and sustaining outreach pursuits in tandem with other scholarly activities.

MMM, an annual simulated tournament of living and fossil animal taxa, has reached hundreds of thousands of learners since 2013. This program has provided a platform to communicate researchd goals. Our experiences with MMM suggest that dispersing science is most sustainable when we combine ancestral adaptations for cooperation, community, and storytelling with good-natured competition in the context of shared experiences and shared values.

Wnt signaling is important in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC); however, Wnt pathway inhibitors lack satisfactory potency when used in monotherapy. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the combinations of Wnt-signaling inhibitors and the inhibitor of Akt kinase on the survival and glycolytic activity of tongue carcinoma cells.

CAL27, SCC-25, and BICR22 tongue cancer cell lines were used. Cells were treated with Wnt signaling (PRI-724 and IWP-O1) and Akt-kinase inhibitors. The effect of the chemicals on cell viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated by MTS and CellTox Green assays, respectively. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed cytometrically after propidium iodide staining. Annexin V binding to externalized phosphatidylserine and analysis of mitochondrial potential allowed the assessment of apoptosis. Glucose uptake and lactate release were evaluated luminometrically. Additionally, the viability of cells in spheroids was analyzed based on ATP content.

The Akt-kinase inhibitor showed significant cytotoxicity toward primary cancer cells. Moreover, its pro-apoptotic effects were enhanced by Wnt-pathway inhibitors. The activity of Akt inhibitor was even higher (by twofold) in 3D spheroids in comparison to cells grown in monolayer. The synergistic reduction in the growth of spheroids was observed between Akt inhibitor and IWP-O1. Reduced glucose consumption may play a part in the combinatorial effects of these chemicals.

The results point to the therapeutic potential of the combinatorial use of Wnt inhibitors together with Akt inhibitors in HNSCC.

The results point to the therapeutic potential of the combinatorial use of Wnt inhibitors together with Akt inhibitors in HNSCC.The essential role HOX-associated non-coding RNAs play in chromatin dynamics and gene regulation has been well documented. The potential roles of these microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in oral cancer development, with their attendant involvement in various cellular processes including proliferation, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis is gaining credence. An interaction network of HOX-embedded non-coding RNAs was constructed to identify the RNA interaction landscape using the arena-Idb platform and visualized using Cytoscape. The miR-10a was shown to interact with HOXA1, miR-10b with HOXD10, miR-196a1 with HOXA5, HOXA7, HOXB8, HOXC8, HOXD8, and miR-196a2 with HOXA5. GSK1059615 The lncRNAs, HOTAIR interacted with HOXC11, HOTAIRM1 with HOXA1 and HOXA4, HOTTIP with HOXA13, HOXA-AS2 with HOXA3, HOXA11-AS with HOXA11 and HOXD-AS1 with HOXB8. Changes in the HOX cluster-embedded non-coding RNAs have implications for prognosis and overall disease survival. Our review aims to analyze the functional significance and clinical relevance of non-coding RNAs within the HOX cluster in the context of oral carcinogenesis. Elucidating these interactions between the non-coding RNAs and HOX genes in oral cancer development and progression could pave the way for the identification of reliable biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.