Mcginnispost2644

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of adding aerobic exercise (AE) to neck-specific exercise treatment for patients with neck pain (NP) to reduce pain and disability. DESIGN A prospective multicentre randomized controlled trial. SETTING Physiotherapy outpatient clinics. SUBJECTS Patients with nonspecific NP. INTERVENTION Patients with NP were randomly assigned to six weeks of neck-specific exercise with and without the addition of AE. MEASURES Patients were classified as having a successful or non-successful outcome according to the Global Rating of Change (GROC). Outcome measures included Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and cervicogenic headache. Assessments were performed at six-week, and three- and six-month follow-ups. RESULTS A total of 139 participants (mean age 54.6 ± 10.5 years) were recruited (n = 69 AE, n = 70 control). According to GROC, 77.4% of the AE group reported a successful outcome at six months vs. 40% in the control group (P  less then  0.001). There was a significant reduction in VAS from baseline to six months in the AE vs. control group 6.73 (±1.69) to 1.89 (±1.37) vs. 6.65 (±1.67) to 3.32 (±1.82), respectively (P  less then  0.001). Significant improvements were also obtained for NDI and FABQ from baseline to six weeks in the AE group NDI from 16.10 (±4.53) to 7.78 (±4.78) vs. 17.01 (±4.84) to 11.09 (±5.64) in the control group (P = 0.003); FABQ from 33.53 (±9.31) to 20.94 (±841) in the AE vs. 33.45 (±10.20) to 26.83 (±10.79) in the control group (P  less then  0.001). The AE group also demonstrated significant reduction in cervicogenic headache from baseline to six months (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION Adding AE to long-term neck-specific exercises is an effective treatment for reducing NP and headache in patients with NP.BACKGROUND To present a stepwise description and outcomes of bladder neck sparing robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP). METHODS Between March 2015 and December 2018, a total of 30 consecutive patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) underwent bladder neck sparing RASP. Baseline characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative variables were retrospectively abstracted. Descriptive statistics were employed to report the variables. RESULTS The median age was 66.5 (59.3-72.3), and median body mass index was 27.6 (24.5-72.3) kg/m2. The median preoperative IPSS was 23 (17.5-27), and median prostate size was 97 (74-148.75) ml; The mean (SD) operative time was 107.5 (22.2) minutes, and the mean (SD) estimated blood loss was 132.4 (35.4) ml. All cases were completed robotically without any intra-operative complications, and continuous bladder irrigation was not necessary for any patient postoperatively. All patients were able to void after catheter removal except one patient with a preexisting diagnosis of neurogenic bladder who resumed clean intermittent catheterization. All patients were continent as defined as using 0 pads postoperatively. PI3K inhibitor Of the 19 patients who had antegrade ejaculation before surgery, 8 patients (42%) reported of continued antegrade ejaculation after surgery. CONCLUSIONS In this report, we demonstrate a simplified approach of bladder neck sparing RASP that is easily reproducible with a short learning curve, favorable perioperative complication rates and acceptable postoperative functional outcomes. This technique obviates the need for continuous bladder irrigation as well as intraperitoneal drain.A series of furoxan derivatives of chromone were prepared. The antiproliferative activities were tested against five cancer cell lines HepG2, MCF-7, HCT-116, B16, and K562, and two normal human cell lines L-02 and PBMCs. Among them, compound 15a exhibited the most potent antiproliferative activity. It was also found 15a produced more than 8 µM of NO at the peak time of 45 min by Griess assay. Generally, antiproliferative activity is positively related to NO release to some extent. Further in-depth studies on apoptosis-related mechanisms showed that 15a caused S-phase cell cycle arrest in a concentration-dependent manner and induced apoptosis significantly through mitochondria-related pathways. Human apoptosis protein array assay also demonstrated 15a increased the expression levels of pro-apoptotic Bax, Bad, HtrA2 and Trail R2/DR5. The expression of catalase and cell cycle blocker claspin were similarly up-regulated. In balance, 15a induced K562 cells death through both endogenous and exogenous pathways.Aim Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is one of the main causes for spinal degenerative diseases, such as disk herniation, spinal canal stenosis, and spinal deformities. Growing evidence has highlighted the contribution of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of IDD, and antioxidant treatment is thus considered to be a promising therapeutic strategy for IDD. The aim of this study was to investigate whether N-tert-butyl-α-phenylnitrone (PBN), a free radical scavenger, could attenuate the pathological changes of IDD by alleviating oxidative stress.Materials and Methods Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were isolated from rabbit lumbar disks. MTT assay, real-time PCR and western blotting were employed to evaluate the effects of PBN on oxidative damages induced by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) in NP cells.Results AAPH induced oxidative stress and the subsequent degenerative changes in NP cells via the ERK/MAPK pathway. On the contrary, the oxidative stress induced by AAPH was significantly ameliorated by PBN. Moreover, PBN also attenuated AAPH-induced expression of matrix degradation proteases and apoptosis. PBN suppresses AAPH-induced activation of ERK/MAPK pathway, which may be the underlying mechanism for the protective effects of PBN.Conclusions Our study for the first time identified a novel role and mechanism for PBN in protecting the IVD against oxidative stress, matrix catabolism and apoptosis, which may have implications for its further application in combating IVD degenerative diseases.Abbreviations AAPH 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropanimidamidine) dihydrochloride; ADAMTS a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs; AF annulus fibrosus; CEP cartilage endplate; DCF 2'7'-dichlorofluorescein; IDD intervertebral disc degeneration; IVD intervertebral disc; LPS lipopolysaccharide; MMP matrix metalloproteinase; MTT methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium; NP nucleus pulposus; PBN N-tert-butyl-alfa-phenylnitrone; PGs proteoglycans; ROS reactive oxygen species; SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate.