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Results show that specific roughness parameters, tactile friction and vibrational information, as characterized by a stylus profilometer, a Forceboard, and a biomimetic synthetic finger, are important for tactile differentiation and preferences of these surface treatments. The obtained dimensions are described as distinct combinations of the surface properties characterized, rather than as 'roughness' or 'friction' independently. Preferences by touch were related to the roughness, friction and thermal properties of the surfaces. The results both complement and advance current understanding of how roughness and friction relate to tactile perception of surfaces.Background Pneumonia is a common and serious illness in the elderly with poorly characterized long-term impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Japanese Goto Epidemiology Study is a prospective, active, population-based surveillance study of adults with X-ray/CT-scan-confirmed community-onset pneumonia, assessing the HRQoL outcome quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Here we report QALY scores and losses among a subset of participants in the Goto Study. Methods QALYs were derived from responses to the Japanese version of the EuroQol-5D-5L health-state classification instrument at days 0, 7, 15, 30, 90, 180 and 365 after pneumonia diagnosis from participants enrolled from June 2017 to May 2018. We used patients as their own controls, calculating comparison QALYs by extrapolating EuroQol-5D-5L scores for Day -30 accounting for mortality and changes in scores with age. Results Of 405 participants, 85% were aged ≥65 years, 58% were male, and 69% were hospitalized for clinical and radiological confirmed pneumonia. Compliance with interviews by either patients or proxies was 100%. Adjusted EuroQol-5D-5L scores were 0.759 at day -30, 0.561 at diagnosis, 0.702 by day 180 and .689 by day 365. Average scores at all time points remained below the average day -30 scores (P ≤ .001). Pneumonia resulted in a mean adjusted loss of 0.13 QALYs (~47.5 quality-adjusted days lost) at 365 days (P less then .001). Conclusions Substantial QALY losses were observed among Japanese adults following pneumonia diagnosis; on average, scores had not returned to pre-diagnosis levels at one-year post-diagnosis. QALY scores and cumulative losses were comparable to those in US adults with chronic heart failure, stroke, or renal failure.Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of "Bangci"(focal center-side needling) and encircling needling in promoting skin wound healing and local blood perfusion in diabetic mice. Methods Thirty-two male C57BL/6N mice were randomized into normal, diabetic model, focal center-side needling and encircling needling groups (n=8 in each group). The skin wound model was prepared by cutting a piece of full-thickness skin at the mouse's back by using a puncher. One hour after modeling, two acupuncture needles were respectively inserted into the center of the wound and the spot at the normal skin about 0.5 cm away from the edge of the wound for mice of the focal center-side needling group, followed by EA (0.5 mA, 0.5 Hz) for 30 min. For mice of the encircling needling group, 4 acupuncture needles were respectively inserted into the upper, lower, left and right normal marginal skin around the wound, followed by EA stimulation with the same parameters as those of the center-side needling group. The wound conditionsth focal center-side needling and encircling needling can promote the skin wound healing by increasing the blood perfusion in diabetic mice, and the therapeutic effect of the encircling needling method was significantly superior to that of the focal center-side needling method.Children affected with acute myocarditis may progress rapidly into profound ventricular dysfunction and ventricular arrhythmias. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of ventricular arrhythmias on in-hospital mortality and the use of mechanical circulatory support in patients with myocarditis. Pediatric patients (age 0-18 years) admitted with myocarditis were identified from the National Inpatient Sample dataset for the years 2002-2015. A total of 12,489 patients with myocarditis were identified. Of them, 1627 patients were with ventricular arrhythmias and 10,862 patients without ventricular arrhythmias. Mortality was higher in those with ventricular arrhythmias (19.5% vs. 2.8%, OR = 8.47; 95% CI 7.16-10.04; p less then 0.001). The median length of stay and the median cost of hospitalization were higher in the ventricular arrhythmias group (9 days vs. 4 days, p less then 0.001 and $121,826 vs. $37,658, p less then 0.001, respectively). There was a substantial increase in the utilization ofty and ECMO utilization.• Improvement in discharge survival was observed over the years of study; associated with this decline in mortality, there was a rising trend of ECMO utilization.Objective To explore the anatomical structure of acupuncture point Qiuhou (EX-HN7) area for safe insertion of acupuncture needle. Methods A total of 28 orbital specimens of adult corpses (14 men and 14 women) were randomly selected to be observed by anatomical sectioning and layering methods. see more The acupoint EX-HN7, located at the junction between the 1/4 of the outer boundary and 3/4 of the inner boundary of the infraorbital margin according to the "Standardization of Acupoint Position" implemented by the People's Republic of China, and marked first with a color pen, followed by cutting the head into horizontal sections along the cross line by using a cadaver cutter and measuring the distance between the skin and blood vessels and main nerves with a digimatic caliper. When the anatomic hierarchy was performed, the blood vessels and nerves in the orbit, the morphological characteristics of the structure around the needle body were particularly focused. Results When an acupuncture needle was vertically inserted into EX-HN7 region, the tissues through which the needle passes are skin, subcutaneous tissue, orbicularis muscle, orbital adipose body, inferior oblique muscle and inferior orbital wall, respectively. When an acupuncture needle was inserted obliquely upward and along the inferior orbital wall to a depth of (26.5±1.7)mm, the needle tip met the posterior ciliary artery; when to a depth of (41.4±1.3)mm, it reached the superior ophthalmic vein. When inserted to a depth of (40.4±1.5)mm, the needle tip may damage the ophthalmic artery and optic nerve. When the acupuncture needle was inserted inferiorly and closely along the orbital inferior wall to a depth of (13.2±1.4)mm, the infraorbital artery in the suborbital sulcus would be hurt. Conclusion It is recommended that when insert vertically into a depth of 12.0 mm in EX-HN7, the acupuncture needle tip should be slightly inclined inward and posterior-upward, and the depth should not exceed 26.0 mm.