Kahnpeters5543

Qatar's contribution to biomedical research has increased significantly in the past couple of decades, but the exact participation of women researchers remains obscure. This study aims to explore the gender gap in research production of Qatar in the field of mental health.

The authors searched five databases for published articles from Qatar in the field of mental health from 2015 to 2019. The authors examined the retrieved articles for the gender gap in 1) the number of researchers. 2) the numbers of articles produced by men-only research teams vs. the research teams included women. 3) h-index. 4) foreign collaboration. 5) research design and themes.

The authors identified 152 published articles in the field of mental health. Men researchers outnumbered women researchers (124 vs. 81). Men had statistically significant higher h-index compared to women (14.6 ± 1.4 vs 4.6 ± 0.9; p < 0.001). Research teams that included women had produced fewer articles compared to men-only groups (41.4 %), they also had less foreign collaborators (68 % vs. 91 %, p = 0.001). check details They were less involved in experimental research and more involved in observational research compared to male-only research groups (15.90 % vs. 38.6 % and 47.6 % vs. 25 % respectively; p = 0.034). In articles with women authors, women were the first authors in 50.8 % of the articles, and men were the senior authors in 79.4 % of them.

The study identifies gender gaps in some aspects of research productivity in Qatar. This data will provide a benchmark for future research in the field.

The study identifies gender gaps in some aspects of research productivity in Qatar. This data will provide a benchmark for future research in the field.Pathways to care for psychosis in high-income countries have been well studied, with the finding of an association between longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and poorer outcomes focusing interest on care pathways to minimise treatment delay. Little is known about how people with psychosis in low-to middle-income countries (LMIC) present for help and specific care pathways that might be associated with treatment delays in those contexts. We conducted a systematic review using electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Embase, Ovid) to explore what proportion of patients with psychosis in LMIC are accessing care through traditional healers and whether this is associated with treatment delay. Studies were included if they assessed the pathway to care for participants with a psychotic illness in a LMIC. From 3929 results, 15 studies met our inclusion criteria. In 7 out of 15 studies first contact for the majority of patients were traditional health practitioners (THPs). In 5 out of 15 studies, mental health practitioners (MHPs) were most often the initial care pathway and in 3 studies first contact was with primary care. DUP ranged from a mean of 30 weeks to 225 weeks. Accessing THPs as initial contact was associated with a longer DUP. In LMICs, a large proportion of patients use THP as their first point of contact for accessing care. This is associated with longer DUP. Services in these countries need to focus both on raising public awareness and collaborative working with THPs to facilitate access to biomedical care.Compared to other countries in the South-East Asian region, Indonesia's mental health system remains underdeveloped from significant treatment gaps, which subsequently contribute to human rights violations of mental health patients who do not receive adequate medical care. In line with the introduction of universal health coverage in 2014, the Indonesian government plans to redress this by delegating detection and early intervention of mental health services to health practitioners without specialist training in mental health, however, there is limited evidence that they can perform this role effectively. This study aims to evaluate current workforce capacity by assessing differences in mental health literacy between Indonesian mental health and non-mental health practitioners. Compared to non-mental health practitioners, mental health practitioners are significantly less likely to hold stigmatising views towards individuals with mental illness. They are also significantly more likely to correctly recognise symptoms of depression and schizophrenia and recommend and implement evidence-based interventions for these conditions. These findings suggest that task-shifting is unlikely to be an effective solution to reduce the mental health treatment gap, and it is recommended that mental health system reform in Indonesia should initially focus on expansion and retention of the specialist mental health workforce.Priapism is defined as a full or partial erection for >4 hours without sexual stimulation or orgasm. Ischemic priapism is an emergency disease that urgently requires surgery to reduce pressure in the corpora cavernosa. We encountered a case of severe ischemic priapism that required a proximal shunt. The patient was a 71-year-old man who had been diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia ; hence, oral administration of tamsulosin had been initiated at a local hospital. His penis became gradually rigid and presented with prolonged erection. Then he consulted our hospital. Penile aspiration was impossible, and phenylephrine injection was not effective. He was subsequently transferred to our hospital. He did not have severe pain but had complete erection. We could not correctly evaluate blood gas from the corpora cavernosa and color Doppler ultrasonography showed little blood flow in the corpora cavernosa. We judged that the patient had ischemic priapism. The erection could not be controlled by distal shunt plastic surgery performed using the T shunt and Al-Ghorab methods. Therefore, a proximal shunt plastic surgery as described by Sacher was performed. link2 The surgery was effective, but it caused erectile dysfunction.Testosterone replacement therapy is widely used for the treatment of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). However, because exogenous testosterone can suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis through negative feedback, testosterone replacement therapy may lead to secondary spermatogenic failure and subsequent infertility. We report our experience with male infertility in patients who had received testosterone for LOH. Six of the 4,375 patients who visited our clinic for infertility evaluation had received testosterone replacement therapy for LOH. In these patients, testosterone was administered for 3 to 12 months. In 5 of these 6 patients, blood levels of gonadotropins were markedly suppressed, suggesting hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. In the remaining 1 patient, blood luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone levels were within the standard reference ranges, but the testosterone level was elevated. Semen findings in these patients ranged from azoospermia to severe oligospermia. Testosterone administration was immediately stopped in all patients. Of the 3 patients who needed prompt recovery of spermatogenesis, 2 received human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection and 1 received clomiphene orally. Semen findings were significantly improved in all patients, except one who was treated with hCG for only one month. Although recovery of spermatogenesis is generally favorable after cessation of testosterone replacement therapy, the recovery period is highly variable among patients. Clinicians treating LOH must recognize that testosterone administration is contraindicated in men who desire to maintain future fertility. LOH patients who wish to preserve fertility should be considered for treatment with clomiphene or hCG.We report a case of squamous cell papilloma of the urinary bladder, which is an extremely rare disease with only 15 cases reported in the Japanese and English literature. The case was in a 76-year-old woman. She was referred to the department of urology because multifocal tumors of the urinary bladder were found by computed tomographic scan during an examination for acute enteritis. Cystoscopy showed a nonpapillary flat tumor with whitish plaque on the left posterior wall, measuring 3 cm. Urinalysis and urine cytology revealed no abnormalities. Transurethral resection was performed. Histology revealed a papillary noninvasive squamous cell tumor with extensive keratinization on its surface. There were no nuclear atypia or evidence of koilocytotic change. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were negative for both p16 and p53. Based on the pathological findings, the tumor was diagnosed as squamous cell papilloma. The tumor recurred three month after the operation and she is being followed with no change observed for two and a half years.An 84-year-old man consulted a local physician for asymptomatic macrohematuria. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed thickening ofthe bladder wall from the triangular part ofthe bladder to the posterior wall, and he was referred to our department. Cystoscopy showed extensive bladder wall thickening with edema ofthe mucosa. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed extensive bladder wall thickening and right external iliac lymphadenopathy accompanied by a contrast effect suspected ofbeing extravesical invasion. We performed transurethral resection ofthe bladder tumor and made the diagnosis ofmucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Our diagnosis made from positron emission tomography-CT performed after surgery was primary MALT lymphoma of the bladder and metastasis to the right external iliac lymph node. We administered rituximab 375 mg/m2 once a week for four times in total. CT after rituximab administration showed that the tumor and right external iliac lymph nodes had shrunk significantly, and no recurrence was present at 18 months after treatment.A 70-year-old woman was diagnosed with bladder cancer (muscle invasive adenocarcinoma) via transurethral resection of bladder tumor in 2013. A month after the procedure, she underwent total cystectomy and ileal conduit diversion. Histopathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma pTis pN0. In 2019, a computed tomography showed multiple nodules, each up to 1 cm in diameter, mainly in the right lower lobe. Metastatic lung cancer was suspected. She underwent thorascopic partial resection of the right lung, and was diagnosed with primary pulmonary cryptococcosis.A 49-year-old male with untreated diabetes mellitus type 2 experienced eyesight deterioration and general malaise, and was treated for uveitis and orbital cellulitis. Later, he was taken to a local hospital via ambulance for a consciousness disorder and was diagnosed with bilateral infectious endophthalmitis, a right ureteral stone, and emphysematous pyelonephritis. link3 He was then referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment. We immediately initiated intravenous antibiotic therapy with meropenem and glycemic control with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, and placed a ureteral and percutaneous drain tube into the right ureter and the emphysema, respectively. We performed a diagnostic and therapeutic vitrectomy on the patient's left eye. Urinary, blood, and vitreous cultures were positive for Klebsiella aerogenes. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed bilaterally comparable renal contrast enhancement. On the 60th hospital day, we performed endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) and completely removed the urinary stone.