Butcherlindhardt3728
Tuberculosis (TB) is a multi-systemic disease instigated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that can involve any organ. In any child presenting with clinical features involving multiple organ systems, TB forms an important differential. This holds particularly for endemic countries like India. Genitourinary TB (GUTB) comprises up to 27% of all extrapulmonary TB cases. We present an unusual presentation of disseminated TB involving kidneys and presenting as gross hematuria. 12-year-old girl, presented with recurrent episodes of gross hematuria of one-month duration. She received multiple packed cell transfusions for the same. She had chronic malnutrition. USG KUB with renal doppler was normal. Given persistent hematuria, CT urography was done which showed features suggestive of papillary necrosis with cystitis. Tubercular workup showed multiple opacities predominantly involving perihilar regions bilaterally on chest x-ray along with positive Mantoux test. Sputum for AFB was positive for tubercular bacilli. Urine samples were also sent for CBNAAT which showed TB bacilli sensitive to rifampicin. With a diagnosis of disseminated TB, antitubercular therapy (ATT) was started followed by cystoscopic resection of inflamed bladder wall tissue. Bladder mucosal biopsy confirmed caseating granulomas suggestive of tuberculous cystitis. The patient is doing well and symptom-free after completion of ATT.
Tuberculosis (TB) still continues to be a major public health threat. Early diagnosis is the cornerstone in combating TB. Community pharmacists are the front line health care providers among the health care system. The present study aimed to identify the barriers of community pharmacists in the identification and referral of presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted among the community pharmacists in Tiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu. One pharmacist from each pharmacy was interviewed using semi-structured questionnaire. Knowledge component, practice and barriers of identification and referral in presumptive TB cases were captured.
A total of 143 pharmacists were included in the study. Barriers in identification and referral by pharmacists' perception were patient volume (32%), pharmacy workload (22%), difficulty in identifying the cases (16%), etc. Research team also identified few barriers such as pharmacists do not have adequate knowledge about TB (34%), pharmacists are not trained enough to identify and refer presumptive TB cases (26%), etc. All the pharmacists (100%) refer the presumptive TB cases, if they come across for OTC medications. Pharmacists also provided health education to their community (45.7%).
Adequate training of community pharmacists and a follow-up system for the presumptive TB cases identified by the community pharmacist are essential in reducing the barriers of pharmacists in TB case detection.
Adequate training of community pharmacists and a follow-up system for the presumptive TB cases identified by the community pharmacist are essential in reducing the barriers of pharmacists in TB case detection.Tuberculosis is a global threat but in particular affects people from developing countries. It is thought that nearly a third of the population of the world live with its causative bacteria in a dormant form. Although tuberculosis is a curable disease, the chances of cure become slim as the disease becomes multidrug-resistant and the situation gets even worse as the disease becomes extensively drug-resistant. After approximately 5 decades without any new TB drug in the pipeline, there has been some good news in the recent years with the discovery of new drugs such as bedaquiline and delamanid as well as the discovery of new classes of anti-tubercular drugs. Some old drugs such as clofazimine, linezolid and many others which were not previously indicated for tuberculosis have been also repurposed for tuberculosis and they are performing well.
This study is designed to assess risk factors & magnitude of residual radiological lesion in patients treated for pulmonary tuberculosis.
This is a retrospective observational cohort study which included patients who were newly diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis and have completed 6 months of treatment.
Categorical data were expressed as proportion and continuous data were expressed as mean±SD. The obtained data were analysed by means of frequency distribution table and descriptive statistics using SPSS version 20 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill, USA) and Chi-square test and student t test were used for statistical analysis. We assessed association between risk factors and development of radiological sequelae, using univariate statistical analysis and odds ratio. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Data from 128 patients was used for analysis. The average age in this cohort was 32.84±17.47 years and 68.75% patients were male. Residual x-ray lesions were observeain with residual radiological sequelae despite good clinical response. Patients with extensive lesions, presence of cavity or bilateral involvement in chest x-ray and sputum smear positive for acid fast bacilli were often associated with residual radiological opacity.
Tuberculous lymphadenitis is the most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. This study was primarily designed to assess clinical characteristics of Peripheral tubercular lymphadenitis and incidence of Paradoxical reaction.
It is a prospective observational study for 130 peripheral Lymph node tuberculosis patients diagnosed and treated between 1st Jan 2018 to 31st Dec 2019. All statistical analyses were performed using statistical software SPSS version 20 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, USA). A P value of <0.05 is considered significant.
Out of 130 study patients, 54 were male, and 76 were female, with a sex ratio of 11.4. The mean age of the patients was 28.01 years (±12.41). A-438079 P2 Receptor antagonist Almost one-fourth of study patients (25.38%) had symptoms for more than one years before the diagnosis of tubercular lymphadenitis. Of the 130 patients, 62 (47.69%) were classified as having confirmed TB based on AFB positivity in FNAC sample. More than half of study patients (55.38%) received homoeopathic treatment before initiation of anti-tubercular treatment.
