Pearsoncates5338

Eating supplementation with N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched omega-3 fatty acids stimulates wound healing following ultraviolet B-induced burning within rodents.

Complications of postoperative rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were detected in 2 eyes (5.7%) within 1 year and retina reattached after the secondary vitrectomy. Three cases (8.6%) of prolonged subretinal fluid lasting more than 1 year were detected but finally absorbed completely. Comparing 1-3 years postoperatively, myopic features showed significant progression of myopic maculopathy category (p = 0.035). selleckchem Functionally, significantly improved BCVA could be maintained postoperatively between 6 months and 3 years. However, vision of 14 eyes (40.0%) worsened within 1-3 years postoperatively, and visual deterioration was associated with progression of myopic maculopathy (p = 0.004) and pre-existing disease of glaucoma (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS A vitrectomy combined with macular plug provided favourable outcomes in the long term, over the ≥3-year follow-up period. © 2020 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.OBJECTIVE Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and TNFα contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). However, their functional relationship in PsA synovitis has not been fully elucidated. In addition, although CD8+ T-cells in PsA have been recognized as a source of IL-17A using flow cytometry, it is not clear whether CD8+ T-cells secrete IL-17A under more physiological conditions. Clarifying these issues are the objectives of this study. METHODS IL-17A+ T-cells were identified in PsA synovial fluid (SF, n=20), treatment-naïve PsA blood and healthy blood (n=22 each) by flow cytometry. IL-17A+ T-cells were sorted from PsA SF (n=12) and stimulated using anti-CD3/anti-CD28 or phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin (PMA/ion) ex vivo alone (n=3), with autologous monocytes (n=3) or with allogeneic PsA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (PsA-FLS, n=5-6). To evaluate the differential effects of neutralizing IL-17A and TNFα, SF CD4+ T-cell and PsA-FLS co-cultures were used (n=5-6). RESULTS PsA-SF CD4+ (0.71 (0.35-1.50)%, median (IQR)) and CD8+ T-cells (0.44 (0.17-1.86)%) are IL-17A+ using flow cytometry. However, only CD4+ T-cells secreted IL-17A after anti-CD3/anti-CD28 activation (p less then 0.05). Similar results were observed in co-cultures with PsA monocytes or PsA-FLS (p less then 0.05). Remarkably, CD8+ T-cells only secreted IL-17A after 4- or 72-hours stimulation with PMA/ion. Anti-IL-17A and anti-TNF treatments both inhibited PsA synovitis ex vivo. Neutralizing IL-17A strongly inhibited IL-6 (p less then 0.05) and IL-1β (p less then 0.01), while anti-TNF was more potent in reducing MMP-3 (p less then 0.05) and MMP-13. CONCLUSION PsA-SF CD8+ T-cells, in contrast to CD4+ T-cells, did not secrete IL-17A after TCR activation. Overlapping but also distinct effects at the level of inflammatory cytokines and MMPs were found after neutralizing IL-17A or TNFα in a human ex vivo PsA synovitis model. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Zoonotic infectious diseases (ZIDs) are increasing globally, and livestock farmers in low- and middle-income countries are at particularly high risk. An evaluation of farmer's behaviour on farms can be used to identify the risk factors and to develop tailored control strategies. selleckchem This study documents the knowledge of zoonotic poultry diseases (ZPD) among 152 poultry farm workers (respondents) from 76 farms in the Ashanti region of Ghana and assessed their on-farm attitude and practices that increase their risk to exposure of ZPD. The median age of respondents was 29 years, 91.4% (n = 139) had a formal education, and 80.9% (n = 123) had worked on the farm for more than 1 year. The majority of farms (n = 69, 90.8%) had multiple flocks and 27.6% (n = 21) kept other animals, of which 57.1% (n = 12) were pigs. The majority of respondents had good knowledge about poultry diseases but not about ZPD. A higher level of education and longer work experience improved respondents' knowledge of poultry and ZPD. Although respondents identified the wearing of personal protective equipment (PPE) as a major ZPD preventive measure, the majority did not put that knowledge into practice. Most farms (71.1%, n = 54) had no footbath and 55.3% (n = 42) deposited farm-waste on the farm. While 97.4% (n = 148) of respondents washed their hands after working, only 48.7% (n = 74) wore protective footwear, 2.7% (n = 4) wore overalls, 2% (n = 3) wore nose masks and none (n = 0) wore gloves. The husbandry practices and attitude of farmers expose them to pathogens on the farm and increase their risk of becoming infected with ZPD in the sub-region. The results from this study could be used to promote human health among farm workers in Ghana. © 2020 The Authors. Veterinary Medicine and Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.BACKGROUND & AIMS The human liver functions through a complex interplay between parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells. Mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of intact tissue has provided an in-depth view of the human liver proteome. However, the predominance of parenchymal cells (hepatocytes) means that the total tissue proteome mainly reflects hepatocyte expression. Here we therefore set out to analyse the proteomes of the major parenchymal and non-parenchymal cell types in the human liver. METHODS We applied quantitative label-free proteomic analysis on the major cell types of the human liver hepatocytes, liver endothelial cells, Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells. RESULTS We identified 9791 proteins, revealing distinct protein expression profiles across cell types, whose in vivo relevance was shown by the presence of cell-type-specific proteins. Analysis of proteins related to the immune system indicated that mechanisms of immune-mediated liver injury include the involvement of several cell types. Furthermore, in-depth investigation of proteins related to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) of xenobiotics showed that ADMET-related tasks are not exclusively confined to hepatocytes, and that non-parenchymal cells may contribute to drug transport and metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the data we provide constitute a unique resource for exploring the proteomes of the major types of human liver cells, which will facilitate an improved understanding of the human liver in health and disease. © 2020 The Authors. Liver International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.