Cainjackson0725

A series of CaWO4 3Eu3+ xBi3+ (x = 2, 5, 7 and 10 at.%) nanophosphors was prepared through the efficient low-temperature ethylene glycol route. Their structural, as well as photophysical, properties were studied. X-ray diffraction analysis and a X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy survey confirmed that the Bi3+ and Eu3+ ions incorporated perfectly into Ca2+ and without disturbing the lattice. The samples exhibited almost spherical morphology with average particle sizes from 10 to 30 nm. For the nanoparticles, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy featured broad absorption bands around 871 and 778 cm-1 that were due to antisymmetric stretching, whereas a peak at 435 cm-1 was assigned to antisymmetric bending vibrations of the bonds in [WO4 2- ] clusters. The nanophosphors showed orange-red luminescence, which was further tuned to red by incorporation of sensitizer Bi3+ ions. This colour tuning of the nanoparticles is described in the context of energy transfer from the WO4 2- group to sensitizer Bi3+ and activator Eu3+ ions under 394 nm excitation. A CIE diagram supports this colour tunability. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.OBJECTIVES To evaluate short- and middle-term outcomes after transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus (TC-PDA) closure in small infants, specifically device-related left pulmonary artery (LPA) stenosis and aortic coarctation, risk factors, and changes over time. BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated successful transcatheter PDA (TC-PDA) closure in small infants. LPA stenosis and aortic coarctation have been seen after TC-PDA, but it is not clear whether device-related LPA/aortic obstruction persists. METHODS A single-center retrospective study of infants ≤4 kg who underwent TC-PDA closure from February 1, 2007 to September 1, 2018 was performed, evaluating the incidence and risk factors for LPA stenosis and coarctation. RESULTS Forty-four patients underwent successful TC-PDA with Amplatzer Vascular Plug II (AVPII; n = 30), Amplatzer Duct Occluder II-Additional Sizes (n = 10), Amplatzer Duct Occluder I (n = 3), and coil-filled AVPI (n = 1) devices, all via an antegrade approach. Median birthweight and procedural weight were 890 g (range 490-3,250) and 2.8 kg (range 1.2-4.0), respectively. Median follow-up was 0.7 years (range 2 days-7 years). Thirty-eight patients had post-procedure echocardiograms assessing LPA/aortic obstruction. Of those, 17 had LPA flow acceleration/stenosis (≥1.5 m/s), which improved or resolved in all patients with available follow-up; 3 developed mild coarctation (>2 m/s), which improved in the two with more than short-term follow-up; 4 developed mild flow acceleration (1.5-2 m/s) in the descending aorta, which resolved in three and increased in one (2.4 m/s). Flow acceleration in the LPA was associated with younger procedural age, larger PDA minimal diameter, and placement of a device other than the AVPII. There was no device-related mortality or need for reintervention. CONCLUSION TC-PDA in small infants is effective, without significant complications. Device-related LPA/aortic obstruction can improve with time/growth. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The two articles presenting ACR committee recommendations for functional status measures and disease activity indices for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the December 2019 issue of Arthritis Care and Research are of great interest. The recommendations are based on traditional psychometric and statistical methodology, without information from clinical experience. Possible limitations of traditional psychometric and statistical methodology in the absence of data from clinical experience may be seen in the observation that high scores for both functional status measures and "disease activity" indices, including DAS28, CDAI, and RAPID3 that may be strongly affected by fibromyalgia and/or joint damage, even with minimal inflammatory activity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.In this communication, we report an unprecedented β-regioselective radical inverse hydroboration (compared with ionic hydroboration) of α, β-unsaturated amides with NHC-BH3 enabled by the photoredox catalysis. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the unique photoredox cycle is a key factor to control the β-regioselective radical hydroboration, which makes the energy barrier is lower than other pathways. This protocol provides a general and convenient route to construct a wide range of structurally diverse β-borylated amides in synthetically useful yields under mild conditions. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Using a one-step synthetic route for block copolymers avoids the repeated addition of monomers to the polymerization mixture, which can easily lead to contamination and, therefore, to the unwanted termination of chain growth. For this purpose, monomers (M1 - M5) with different steric hindrances and different propagation rates are explored. Copolymerization of M1 (propagating rapidly) with M2 (propagating slowly), M1 with M3 (propagating extremely slowly) and M4 (propagating rapidly) with M5 (propagating slowly) yielded diblock-like copolymers using Grubbs' first (G1) or third generation catalyst (G3). The monomer consumption was followed by 1H NMR spectroscopy, which revealed vastly different reactivity ratios for M1 and M2. In the case of M1 and M3, we observed the highest difference in reactivity ratios (r1=324 and r2=0.003) ever reported for a copolymerization method. A triblock-like copolymer was also synthesized using G3 by first allowing the consumption of the mixture of M1 and M2 and then adding M1 again. In addition, in order to measure the fast reaction rates of the G3 catalyst with M1, we report a novel retardation technique based on an unusual reversible G3 Fischer-carbene to G3 benzylidene/alkylidene transformation. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.A nitrosyl ligand is a poor donor due to its stable valence-electron pairs. Nitrosyl-metal bonding thus relies on the two interactions between the pair of N-O-π* and two of the metal's d orbitals. These (back)bonds are largely covalent which makes their allocation in the course of an oxidation-state determination rather ambiguous. However, apart from M-N-O-angle or net-charge considerations, IUPAC's 'ionic approximation' is a useful tool to reliably classify nitrosylmetal complexes in an orbital-centred approach. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.With the COVID-19 pandemic, clinicians and researchers have been suddenly confronted with the difficulty of treatment provision and continuation of clinical trials without face-to-face contact. This predicament has resulted in the rapid adoption of telehealth methodologies.1 Clinicians and researchers focused on obesity management have an additional need-- a remote way to measure weight. In this piece, we will describe electronic scales (e-scales) and provide guidance on how clinicians/researchers might best implement e-scales in their clinical practice or research studies to remotely measure weight. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.We demonstrate herein an all-optical switch based on stimuli-responsive and photochromic-free metal-organic framework (HKUST-1). Ultrafast near-infrared laser pulses stimulate a reversible 0.4 eV blue shift of the absorption band with up to 200 s -1 rate due to dehydration and concomitant shrinking of the structure-forming [Cu 2 C 4 O 8 ] cages of HKUST-1. Such light-induced switching enables the remote modulation of intensities of photoluminescence of single crystals of HKUST-1 as well visible radiation passing through the crystal by 2 order of magnitude. This opens up the possibility of utilyzing stimuli-responsive MOFs for all-optical data processing devices. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.OBJECTIVE Leflunomide is a commonly used disease modifying drug in the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Its effects are mediated via inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) by its active metabolite teriflunomide, and the pharmacokinetics of teriflunomide are highly variable. We examined the association between DHODH haplotype and plasma teriflunomide concentration with response to leflunomide in patients with RA where leflunomide was added to existing disease modifying drugs after failure to achieve an adequate response with conventional 'triple therapy'. METHODS Patients with RA who were taking, or were about to initiate leflunomide were included. Participant characteristics including DHODH haplotype were determined. Up to five plasma samples were collected after leflunomide was initiated for assays of total and free teriflunomide concentration. Disease activity was determined via the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28). The association between DAS28 and patient covariates was determined by linear mixed effect modelling. RESULTS A total of 67 patients were included in the study. The DAS28 after initiation of leflunomide was associated with baseline DAS28 (β=0.70, p less then 0.001) and was higher in those who carried DHODH Haplotype 2 (β=0.56, p=0.01) and did not carry the shared epitope (β=0.56, p=0.013). As total and free plasma teriflunomide concentration increased, DAS28 was significantly lower (p less then 0.001 and p=0.001 respectively). When considering threshold concentrations, teriflunomide concentrations above 16 mg/L were associated with a DAS28 that was 0.33 lower, and when free teriflunomide concentration was above 35 µg/L, DAS28 was 0.32 lower. CONCLUSION Teriflunomide concentration and carriage of DHODH Haplotype 2 are associated with response to leflunomide in patients with RA, and a total plasma teriflunomide concentration of at least 16 mg/L is needed to maximise the likelihood of response. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by the highly pathogenic virus SARS-CoV-2, demonstrates high morbidity and mortality caused by development of a severe acute respiratory syndrome connected with extensive pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Selleckchem Panobinostat In this Perspective, we argue that adipocytes and adipocyte-like cells, such as pulmonary lipofibroblasts, may play an important role in the pathogenic response to COVID-19. Expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2 - the functional receptor for SARS-CoV) - is upregulated in adipocytes of obese and diabetic patients, which turns adipose tissue into a potential target and viral reservoir. This may explain why obesity and diabetes are potential comorbidities for COVID-19 infections. Similar to the recently established adipocyte-myofibroblast transition (AMT), pulmonary lipofibroblasts located in the alveolar interstitium and closely related to classical adipocytes, demonstrate the ability to transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts that play an integral part of PF. This may significantly increase the severity of the local response to COVID-19 in the lung. To reduce the severity and mortality with COVID-19, we propose to probe for the clinical response to thiazolidinediones (TZDs), PPARγ agonists, that are the well-known anti-diabetic drugs. TZDs are able to stabilize lipofibroblasts in their "inactive" state, preventing the transition to myofibroblasts and thereby reducing the development of pulmonary fibrosis and stimulating its resolution. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.