Cainguldbrandsen6606
We report primary results of a phase 3 trial of AZD7442 (tixagevimab/cilgavimab) for post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Adults without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination were enrolled within 8 days of exposure to a SARS-CoV-2-infected individual and randomized 21 to a single 300-mg AZD7442 dose (one 1.5-mL intramuscular injection each of tixagevimab and cilgavimab consecutively) or placebo. Primary endpoints were safety and first post-dose SARS-CoV-2 reverse-transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR)-positive symptomatic COVID-19 event before day 183.
1121 participants were randomized and dosed (mean age 46 years; 49% females; AZD7442, n=749; placebo, n=372). Median (range) follow-up was 49 (5-115) and 48 (20-113) days for AZD7442 and placebo, respectively. Adverse events occurred in 162/749 (21.6%) and 111/372 (29.8%) participants with AZD7442 and placebo, respectively, mostly mild/moderate. RT-PCR-positive symptomatic COVID-19 ocport a role for AZD7442 in preventing symptomatic COVID-19.
"Tobacco-free" or synthetic nicotine products have appeared in some markets, increasing potential health risks and regulatory compliance challenges. Currently, there are few reliable methods for the determination of authenticity of natural and synthetic nicotine. Analytical techniques based on stable isotopes have broad application prospects in the traceability and identification of agricultural products.
Tobacco leaves from four main tobacco production regions in China and different types of tobacco products were extracted with n-hexane and 5% sodium hydroxide to obtain nicotine extracts. Subsequent stable isotope mass spectrometry was performed by analyzing δ
H, δ
C, and δ
N values of nicotine.
Firstly, results from a batch of 233 samples indicated stable isotopes were closely related to climate and geographical locations and provide a basis for a determination of the origin of tobacco leaves. In addition, the δ
H values had significant differences between natural and synthetic nicotine and thg, and regulation of synthetic nicotine-based tobacco products.
This study aimed to compare the effect of peer education and education provided by healthcare providers on PMS in high school students.
This quasi-experimental non-randomized controlled trial with a three-armed parallel design was performed on 90 students allocated in three groups, namely, education by peer (intervention group 1=30), education by a healthcare provider (intervention group 2=30), and a control group (n= 30). The primary outcome was a change in the score of PMS, and the secondary outcomes were changes in the general health score and the frequency of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Education about PMS management was held in WhatsApp messenger in six sessions (two sessions per week) for both intervention groups. All three groups received routine school counseling. The researchers applied repeated-measures ANCOVA, McNemar, and post-hoc Bonferroni tests.
Education in intervention group 1 (Partial Eta Squared=0.67, p< 0.0001) and intervention group 2 (Partial Eta Squared=0.82, p< 0.0001) significantly reduced the PMS score compared to the control group. In addition, the change in general health score in the intervention groups compared to the control group showed the effectiveness of the intervention (p< 0.001). Education did not significantly reduce PMDD frequency in the intervention groups compared to the control group (p> 0.05).
This study suggests education by peers and healthcare providers effects on PMS and general health in adolescents. It suggested that the effectiveness of these approaches be investigated in other adolescents' health conditions.
This study suggests education by peers and healthcare providers effects on PMS and general health in adolescents. It suggested that the effectiveness of these approaches be investigated in other adolescents' health conditions.
Patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) whose disease relapses have little chance of being cured, so front-line treatments are usually followed up with surveillance imaging in an effort to detect any recurrences as early as possible, and thereby improve post-relapse outcomes. The real benefit of such routine surveillance imaging in RMS remains to be demonstrated, however. This retrospective, single-center study examines how well surveillance imaging identifies recurrent tumors and its impact on post-relapse survival.
The analysis concerned 79 patients <21years old treated between 1985 and 2020 whose initially localized RMS relapsed. Clinical findings, treatment modalities, and survival were analyzed, comparing patients whose relapse was first suspected from symptoms they developed (clinical symptoms group) with those whose relapse was identified by radiological surveillance (routine imaging group).
Tumor relapses came to light because of clinical symptoms in 42 cases, and on routine imaging in 37. The time to relapse was much the same in the two groups. The median overall survival (OS) and 5-year OS rate were, respectively, 10months and 12.6% in the clinical symptoms group, and 11months and 27.5% in the routine imaging group (p-value .327). Among patients with favorable prognostic scores, survival was better for those in the routine imaging group (5-year OS 75.0% vs. 33.0%, p-value .047).
It remains doubtful whether surveillance imaging has any real impact on RMS relapse detection and patients' post-relapse survival. Further studies are needed to establish the most appropriate follow-up recommendations, taking the potentially negative effects of regular radiological exams into account.
It remains doubtful whether surveillance imaging has any real impact on RMS relapse detection and patients' post-relapse survival. Further studies are needed to establish the most appropriate follow-up recommendations, taking the potentially negative effects of regular radiological exams into account.
The InPOG-HL-15-01, a multicentric prospective study, used a risk-stratified and response-based approach with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) backbone to treat children and adolescents with newly diagnosed Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and reduce the use of radiation therapy (RT). Children/adolescents with bulky disease or inadequate response at early response assessment (ERA) after two cycles of chemotherapy were assigned to receive RT. For ERA, positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) was recommended but not mandatory in view of limited access. This study aimed to compare the impact of using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and PET-CT on treatment decisions and outcomes.
396 patients were enrolled and 382 had an ERA at the assigned time point. Satisfactory response was defined as Deauville score 3 or less for patients undergoing PET-CT and complete response (CR)/very good partial response (VGPR) for patients undergoing CECT. Outcomes of interest incorpora in response-based treatment algorithm for HL-afflicted children. The reduction in the application of RT did not impact the overall outcome and plausibly would lower the risk of delayed toxic effects.
Use of PET-CT as the modality for ERA is more likely to indicate a satisfactory response as compared with CECT and thereby decreases the need for RT in response-based treatment algorithm for HL-afflicted children. The reduction in the application of RT did not impact the overall outcome and plausibly would lower the risk of delayed toxic effects.The initial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariants, BA.1 and BA.2, are being progressively displaced by BA.5 in many countries. To provide insight on the replacement of BA.2 by BA.5 as the dominant SARS-CoV-2 variant, we performed a comparative analysis of Omicron BA.2.12.1 and BA.5.2 variants in cell culture and hamster models. We found that BA.5.2 exhibited enhanced replicative kinetics over BA.2.12.1 in vitro and in vivo, which is evidenced by the dominant BA.5.2 viral genome detected at different time points, regardless of immune selection pressure with vaccine-induced serum antibodies. Utilizing reverse genetics, we constructed a mutant SARS-CoV-2 carrying spike F486V substitution, which is an uncharacterized mutation that concurrently discriminates Omicron BA.5.2 from BA.2.12.1 variant. We noticed that the 486th residue does not confer viral replication advantage to the virus. We also found that 486V displayed generally reduced immune evasion capacity when compared with its predecessor, 486F. However, the surge of fitness in BA.5.2 over BA.2.12.1 was not due to stand-alone F486V substitution but as a result of the combination of multiple mutations. Our study upholds the urgency for continuous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants with enhanced replication fitness.
Cajanus scarabaeoides, belonging to the Fabaceae family, is an underutilized herb and traditionally used to treat several ailments. click here However, it is not well explored phytochemically. Therefore, mass spectrometry (MS)-based phytochemical analysis was carried out to investigate the bioactive ingredients of the herb.
A ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to photodiode array detection (PDA) and electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS) system was used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemicals. The chromatographic separation was achieved on the Acquity BEH C18 column (150 × 2.1mm, 1.7μm) using a gradient system consisting of three solvents, acetonitrile, methanol, and 0.1% formic acid, used at a flow rate of 0.300 ml/min.
Sixteen bioactive ingredients (gallic acid, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, catechin, procyanidin dimer, epicatechin, procyanidin trimer, isoorientin, orientin, vitexin, isovitexin, quercetin-mono-O-glycoside, isoqueng to further exploration of its biological activity. In addition, analytical methods can be used for the rapid identification and quantification of bioactive ingredients in C. scarabaeoides.
The Breast-Q questionnaire reduction module is an established tool for outcomes after reduction mammoplasty.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assess key parameters affecting pre- and postoperative scores, with specific foci on patient characteristics and tissue resection weights.
This study was conducted per PRISMA guidelines. PUBMED, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched. All studies published before August 1st, 2021, were assessed for eligibility by two independent reviewers. Inclusion criteria were prospective or retrospective studies in six languages that reported quality of life after reduction mammoplasty using the Breast-Q questionnaire reduction module. Quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale. Analysis was performed per Cochrane Collaboration and the Quality of Reporting of Meta-analyses (QUOROM) guidelines.
28 papers were included in the systematic review, 13 for preoperative meta-analysis, and 17 for postoperative meta-analysis. Postoperatesection weights, warranting further inquiry of insurance-defined resection requirements.
