Clevelandcortez8791

The objective of this paper is to review and summarize the antimicrobial efficacy of the acyldepsipeptides and to indicate the prospects of the therapeutic values of these compounds. This work is enriched by the description of the mutations within the clpP1clpP2 and c1pP3clpP4 operons of Streptomyces lividans, which are considered to be the potential mechanism of the acyldepsipeptide (ADEP)-resistance development. The researchers' conclusions demonstrated a significant impact on microorganisms including the destabilization of bacterial cell division in Bacillus subtilis 168, Staphylococcus aureus HG001 and Streptococcus pneumoniae G9A strains. The results of animal studies show higher bactericidal effectiveness of the acyldepsipeptides ADEP-2 and ADEP-4 compared to linezolid. ADEPs may be considered as a very important mechanism of defense against the increasing resistance of microorganisms . They also might prevent or reduce the risk of many epidemiological events.The structural dynamics and conductance of aluminum nanocontacts (NCs) during mechanical breaking was investigated in situ by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. When the minimum cross-sectional width of the NCs was found to decrease to less than 1.3 nm at a bias voltage of 12.9 mV, a large strain was introduced in the minimum cross section region. The critical width of straining increased with bias voltage. Below the critical width, the current density started to decrease.Direct self-assembly of metals with inorganic nanoparticles into hierarchical nanostructures is highly demanded. Here we developed a simple methodology for direct self-assembly of metals (pure or alloy) and nanoparticles into hierarchical metallic nanocomposites core/metal shell nanostructures in immiscible molten salt, driven by the minimization of interfacial energy of the system. Mycophenolic acid morpholinoethyl ester The core metals and nanoparticles firstly assemble into metal-nanoparticle nanocomposite microspheres. The formed nanocomposite microspheres could be utilized as new building blocks for a subsequent self-assembly procedure to be coated form a metal shell. This work provide a novel and simple method to fabricate hierarchical nanocomposites core/metal shell nanostructures for numerous applications.Copper (Cu) nano particles were successfully fabricated at a significantly low temperature through a simple polymer solution route. In the process, the organic-inorganic precursor sols were turned to porous gels exhibiting volume expansion during the drying process. The PVA polymer, as an organic carrier, contributed to make an atom-scale homogeneous copper precursor gel, which resulted in fully crystallized, nano-sized copper powders through a low calcination temperature of 300 °C under Ar-4%H2 atmosphere. Variations in the processing technique, such as the content of PVA and calcination temperature, affected the microstructure and crystallization behavior of the synthesized powders. The copper powder synthesized with the PVA content of 41 ratio showed a crystallite size of about 10 nm or less with a high surface area. In this paper, the PVA solution technique for the fabrication of a nano-sized copper powder is introduced. The effects of the PVA content and calcination conditions on the powder morphology and crystallization are also studied. The characterization of the synthesized powders is conducted by using XRD, DTA/TG, SEM and TEM.A dense nanostructured TaSi2-WSi2 composite was simultaneously synthesized and sintered by the high frequency induction heating method within 2 minutes from mechanically activated powder of Ta, W and Si. A highly-dense TaSi2-WSi2 composite was produced under simultaneous application of a 80 MPa pressure and the induced current. The mechanical properties and microstructure were investigated.The TiO2 powder was prepared from the spent titanium chips by applying the sol-gel method with neutralization by NaOH solution. The prepared TiO2 powder was characterized using a particle size analysis, BET surface area, and XRD analysis. The crystal structure of the TiO2 powder was rutile type, and the powder was obtained to be nanosized. BET surface area of TiO2 powder was 118 m2/g, average particle size was 266.5 nm. The photocatalytic property of the TiO2 powder was evaluated as decomposition rate of methylene blue (MB) by using a liquid phase stirred reactor. Decomposition rate on TiO2 powder (P-25) was 1.5 times higher than that of the prepared TiO2 powder. Decomposition rate on the prepared TiO2 powder was linearly increased with increasing the amount of TiO2 powder, and approached to a specific value. MB concentration and decomposition rate was not correlated within the experimental range. The maximum value of decomposition rate at about pH 8 was 62%.This work investigates the effect of reducing agents and stabilizing agent on the preparation of platinum nanoparticles. We used H2PtCl6 as a precursor and hydrogen and sodium borohydride as reducing agents to prepare colloidal platinum nanoparticles. Polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPs) is used as a stabilizing agent. Hydrogen and sodium borohydride are used as reducing agents. The prepared platinum nanoparticles are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The concentrations of the precursor and the stabilizing agent influence the size of platinum nanoparticles, while the reducing agents influence the morphologies and structures of platinum nanoparticles. Supported platinum catalysts (CPt-NaBH4, CPt-H2) are prepared from colloidal platinum nanoparticles and γ-Al2O3. For comparison, another supported platinum catalyst (IPt) is prepared by the conventional impregnation method with an aqueous H2PtCL6 solution and γ-AL2O3. The catalytic activities of CPts are superior to that of IPt on the basis of benzene conversion.This study investigates the nano pore structure of non-sintering cement (NSC) matrix. The result of pore structure properties showed no considerable difference in the total pore volume, but presented a large distinction in distribution of pore diameter by cement mixing ratio. The pore-diameter of NSC paste shows that occupation ratio of pore diameter below 10 nm was larger and was smaller than ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and blast-furnace slag cement (BSC) at pore diameter of over 10 nm. The reasons are due to the hydrate such as C-S-H gel and ettringite which formed dense nano pore structure of NSC matrix.Iron-based MIL-53 crystals with uniform size were successfully synthesized using a microwave-assisted solvothermal method and characterized by XRD, FE-SEM and DRS. We also investigated the photocatalytic activity of MIL-53(Fe) for the decomposition of methylene blue using H2O2 as an electron acceptor. From XRD and SEM results, the fully crystallized MIL-53(Fe) materials were obtained regardless of preparation method. From DRS results, MIL-53(Fe) samples prepared using microwave-assisted process displayed the absorption spectrum up to the visible region and then they showed the high photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. The MIL-53(Fe) catalyst prepared by two times microwave irradiation showed the highest activity.Recently, fullerene derivatives have received significant attention due to their potential impacts on the development of high performance organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. One of the most successful fullerene derivatives thus far is [6, 6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), which is being used as an electron acceptor material. However, PCBM has some disadvantages concerning its application in OPV cells, such as a weak absorption rate in the visible region and a relatively low LUMO level. In the present work, we synthesized a novel fullerene derivative, called hexyl perylene fullerene (HPF), which contains a hexyl perylene moiety. The HPF molecules showed two absorption peaks at 340 nm and 450 nm corresponding to the fullerene and to the perylene moiety, respectively. 1,8-octanedithiol was used as an additive to improve the compatibility between the poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and the synthesized HPF The characteristics of an OPV cell composed of ITO/PEDOTPSS/P3HTHPF1,8-octanedithiol/Al were investigated.Two different emitting compounds, 1-[1,1';3',1"]Terphenyl-5'-yl-6-(10-[1,1';3',1"]terpheny-5'-yl- anthracen-9-yl)-pyrene (TP-AP-TP) and Poly-phenylene vinylene derivative (PDY 132) were used to white OLED device. By incorporating adjacent blue and yellow emitting layers in a multi-layered structure, highly efficient white emission has been attained. The device was fabricated with a hybrid configuration structure ITO/PEDOT (40 nm)/PDY-132 (8-50 nm)/ NPB (10 nm)/TP-AP-TP (30 nm)/Alq3 (20 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (200 nm). After fixing TP-AP-TP thickness of 30 nm by evaporation, PDY-132 thickness varied with 8, 15, 35, and 50 nm by spin coating in device. The luminance efficiency of the white devices at 10 mA/cm2 were 2.93 cd/A-6.55 cd/A. One of white devices showed 6.55 cd/A and white color of (0.290, 0.331).Polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) have attracted much attention from academia and industry field because of their various applications such as large area flat-panel displays and lightings. In this paper, we suggest new blue emitting polymer based on anthracene, Poly(9-(3-Vinyl-phenyl)-anthracene) (PVPA). From NMR data, vinyl group protons were disappeared and aromatic protons showed broad proton peaks because of polymer characteristics. PVPA had film property well and it exhibited vivid PL maximum values of 431, 455, 482 nm and broad PL spectrum. Three dopants for green, red, yellow were used to PVPA, all energy transfer was happened well. By using rubrene dopant of yellow emission, doped film provided white PL.Novel red light-emitting nanophosphors of SrMoO4Eu3+, Sm3+ were synthesized by a facile sol-gel method. Particles have sizes in the range of 50-80 nm. The structures, morphologies and optical properties of as-prepared products were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and photo luminescent (PL). The results indicate that the red emission intensity was enhanced significantly with the increase of Sm3+ doping concentrations. When the mole fraction of Sm3+ is 2%, the emission intensity of red light is the strongest. It has been found that the incorporation of R+(Li+, Na+) into SrMoO4Eu3+, Sm3+ phosphor could lead to a remarkable increase of photoluminescence. Thus, it is considered to be efficient red-emitting phosphors.In this study, we evaluated the effects of prolonged exposure to two different nano-TiO2 crystal phases under different illumination conditions. Fish (Piaractus mesopotamicus) were exposed for 21 days to 100 mg/L of nano-TiO2 anatase and a mixture of anataserutile (80%20%) under visible light and UV light (UVA and B, 22.47 J/cm2/h). The following oxidative stress biomarkers were mon- itored concentrations of lipid hydroperoxide (LPO), carbonylated proteins (PCO), and specific activ- ities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Other biomarkers as well as specific activities of acid phosphatase (AP), Na+, K(+)-ATPase and metalloth- ionein levels (MT) were also evaluated. Moreover, micronucleus and comet assays were performed to assess genotoxicity. Our results showed low toxicity of nano-TiO2 to fish and lack of titanium accumulation in muscle tissue. However, it was observed the occurrence of sublethal effects that were influenced by nano-TiO2 crystal phase and illumination condition.