Kilgorewoodruff5541

This trial is registered with UMIN000023923.

Cigarette smoking and Th2-inflammation are both crucial in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, it is unknown whether smoking can affect the association between Th2-inflammation and small airway obstruction in adults with asthma.

Adults diagnosed with asthma by a pulmonologist according to Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines were recruited from September 2016 to April 2018 to participate in this study. learn more Participants were divided into two groups, the small airway obstruction group (those with FEF25-75% predicted value ≤ 65%) and the normal small airway function group (those with FEF25-75% predicted value > 65%). Final data analysis included 385 and 93 people in the Obstructive Group and the Normal Group, respectively. Total serum IgE level and blood eosinophil count were used as biomarkers of the Th2 phenotype.

The Obstructive Group had a larger fraction of smokers, higher blood eosinophil count, and lower lung function than the Normal Group. Current-smoking status was associated with an increased risk of small airway obstruction (adjusted odds ratio = 4.677, 95% confidence interval [1.593-13.730]); and log-IgE level was associated with a decreased risk of small airway obstruction (0.403 [0.216-0.754]). Smoking status stratified analysis showed an association between log-IgE level and a decreased risk of small airway obstruction only in never-smoker asthmatics (0.487 [0.249-0.954]).

Current-smoking status and total serum IgE are, respectively, associated with small airway obstruction. Smoking status modifies the relationship between Th2 biomarkers and small airway function. These findings contribute to the understanding of risk factors associated with asthma endotyping.

Current-smoking status and total serum IgE are, respectively, associated with small airway obstruction. Smoking status modifies the relationship between Th2 biomarkers and small airway function. These findings contribute to the understanding of risk factors associated with asthma endotyping.

Pulmonary hypertension is a dreaded disease associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The pulmonary hypertension developing due to chronic respiratory disease is a unique subset with symptoms often getting masqueraded by the underlying respiratory condition. The importance of early detection of this complication has been realized worldwide, and recently, the definition of pulmonary hypertension was revised to set the cutoff of mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) at 20 mmHg instead of 25 mmHg at rest. In our study, we have tried to estimate the difference this new definition brings to the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension among interstitial lung disease patients at our centre.

This was a cross-sectional study in which all the patients of ILDs (

 = 239) attending the outdoor and indoor Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, India, for the duration of one year were subjected to transthoracic echocardiography along with measurement of serum pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and troponin T values. The data were analyzed using the different definitions, and the prevalence was compared.

Incidence of pulmonary hypertension among ILD patients at mPAP cutoff ≥ 25 was 28.9%, while that at value ≥20 mmHg, incidence of pulmonary hypertension increased to 46.0%. An increment of 15-20% in incidence of pulmonary hypertension was observed among different types of ILD when cutoff of mPAP was changed.

The new definition helps in a significant increase in the detection of pulmonary hypertension, which certainly helps in earlier detection and better management of patients.

The new definition helps in a significant increase in the detection of pulmonary hypertension, which certainly helps in earlier detection and better management of patients.

We aimed to evaluate prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) findings of patients with a Gleason score (GS) of 6 and effectiveness of MRI based on the final pathology result in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP).

mpMRI findings of 80 patients who had a GS of 3 + 3 and who underwent mpMRI were evaluated retrospectively. The mpMRI were scored according to the PIRADS v2.1 guidelines. The patients were divided into those with a high probability of clinically significant cancer (CSC) (PI-RADS 4-5) and those with a low probability of CSC (PI-RADS 2-3).

Of the 80 patients, 33.8% had PI-RADS 2-3, and 66.2% had PI-RADS 4-5 lesions. There was a significant difference between the groups in prostate specific antigen (PSA) value, PSA density, patient age, and tumour percentage on biopsy. When the pathology results were taken as the gold standard in the group that underwent RP, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of mpMRI were calculated as 94.74%, 100%, and 96.3%, respectively, an increase in the final GS was found in 9 (33.3%) of the 27 patients, and 70.35% of patients were identified as having CSC.

PI-RADS 4-5 scores have high sensitivity and negative predictive value in the diagnosis of CSC. mpMRI is a reliable and non-invasive diagnostic method that can complement biopsy results in decision-making in patients who are initially evaluated as low risk.

PI-RADS 4-5 scores have high sensitivity and negative predictive value in the diagnosis of CSC. mpMRI is a reliable and non-invasive diagnostic method that can complement biopsy results in decision-making in patients who are initially evaluated as low risk.

Our study aimed to compare the sensitivity of T2 relaxometry and positron emission tomography - computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with a history suggestive of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy using video electroencephalography (EEG) as the reference standard.

In our study, 35 patients with a history suggestive of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy were subjected to conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), T2 relaxometry, and PET/CT. The results of each of the studies were compared with video EEG findings. Analyses were performed by using statistical software (SPSS version 20.0 for windows), and the sensitivity of conventional MRI, T2 relaxometry, and PET/CT were calculated.

The sensitivity of qualitative MRI (atrophy and T2 hyperintensity), quantitative MRI (T2 relaxometry), and PET/CT in lateralizing the seizure focus were 68.6% (

= 24), 85.7% (

= 30), and 88.6% (

= 31), respectively.

The sensitivity of MRI in lateralization and localization of seizure focus in temporal lobe epilepsy can be increased by adding the quantitative parameter (T2 relaxometry) with the conventional sequences. T2 Relaxometry is comparable to PET/CT for localization and lateralization of seizure focus and is a useful tool in the workup of TLE patients.

The sensitivity of MRI in lateralization and localization of seizure focus in temporal lobe epilepsy can be increased by adding the quantitative parameter (T2 relaxometry) with the conventional sequences. T2 Relaxometry is comparable to PET/CT for localization and lateralization of seizure focus and is a useful tool in the workup of TLE patients.

Target lesion selection is known to be a major factor for inter-reader discordance in RECIST 1.1. The purpose of this study was to assess whether volumetric measurements of target lesions result in different response categorization, as opposed to standard unidimensional measurements, and to evaluate the impact on inter-reader agreement for response categorization when different readers select different sets of target lesions.

Fifty patients with measurable disease from solid tumours, in which 3 readers had blindly and independently selected different sets of target lesions and subsequently reached clinically significant discordant response categorizations (progressive disease [PD] vs. non-progressive disease [non-PD]) based on RECIST 1.1 analyses were included in this study. Additional volumetric measurements of all target lesions were performed by the same readers in a second read. Intra-reader agreement between standard unidimensional measurements (uRECIST) and volumetric measurements (vRECIST) was asseat a limited set of target lesions may not be sufficiently representative of the whole-body tumour burden.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtype differentiation is of crucial importance in the management and prognosis of these patients. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of unenhanced and cortico-medullary phase contrast-enhanced multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) and T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities in the discrimination of the 3 main subtype RCC patients in correlation with their histopathological findings.

A total of 80 pathologically proven RCC patients who had undergone either partial or total nephrectomy were retrospectively investigated in this study. Their histological subtypes were 54 clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), 15 papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC), and 11 chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (cRCC), based on pathological evaluation. There were 62 male (77.5%) and 18 female (22.5%) patients. Among the 54 ccRCC patients, 29 patients had both non-contrast and cortico-medullary phase CT, 1 had only non-contrast CT, 5 only had cortnd chromophobe subtypes.

The measurement of the attenuation values on cortico-medullary phase MDCT and the mean signal intensity values on FSE T2-weighted MRI can provide useful information in the differentiation of RCC main subtypes. Also, visual assessment of tumours on both modalities can contribute to this issue by providing additional imaging properties.

The measurement of the attenuation values on cortico-medullary phase MDCT and the mean signal intensity values on FSE T2-weighted MRI can provide useful information in the differentiation of RCC main subtypes. Also, visual assessment of tumours on both modalities can contribute to this issue by providing additional imaging properties.

Acute cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare condition that can lead to a serious clinical state; thus, prompt diagnosis and treatment are mandatory. Head computed tomography (CT) plays a crucial role in the initial prompt diagnosis in the emergency setting. The aim of the study was to retrospectively analyse emergency head CT studies and the rate of incorrect diagnoses and main sources of pitfalls.

Retrospective analysis of 31 emergency CT studies (22 without contrast, 19F/12M, age range 4-94 years) of patients with confirmed acute CVT.

Thrombosed dural sinuses were found in 24/31 (77.4%) cases, thrombosed veins in 7/31 (22.6%) cases, no lesions within vessels in 2/31 (6.5%) cases. Haemorrhagic brain lesions were found in 9/31 (29%) cases, hypodense oedema in 6/31 (19.6%) cases, brain swelling in 1/31 (3.2%) cases, and no parenchymal lesions were revealed in 15/31 (48.4%) cases. Correct diagnosis of CVT was established in 15 cases (48.4%); however, it was incorrect in 16 cases (51.6%). Incorrect cases consist of 4 groups 1 - with both vascular and parenchymal lesions that were overlooked (50%), 2 - with vascular lesions only, which were either overlooked, misinterpreted, or covered by artefacts (31.3%,), 3 - with parenchymal lesions only, which were misinterpreted (12.5%), and 4 - with no lesions present in the emergency head CT (6.2%).

The high rate of incorrect diagnoses of acute CVT based on emergency head CT requires constant training of radiologists and their close cooperation with clinicians because a delayed diagnosis may be lethal to the patient.

The high rate of incorrect diagnoses of acute CVT based on emergency head CT requires constant training of radiologists and their close cooperation with clinicians because a delayed diagnosis may be lethal to the patient.