Gilesbarnes7541

Physical activity (PA) is an important element in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. The aims of this study were to assess the percentage of adults with T2DM who perform PA, according to the intensity level and to describe barriers to exercise and the association between metabolic control and other clinical variables.

Multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study. Data were collected through the International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the PA Barrier Questionnaire. Adults (18-65 years old) with T2DM from 17 Argentine diabetes centers were included, from May to July 2018.

A total of 270 men (54.9 ± 9.8 years) and 225 women (55.3 ± 9.6 years) were included. Duration of diabetes 8.2 ± 6.3 years. The BMI in men was 32 ± 10.6 kg/m

, whereas that in women was 32.5 ± 7.2 kg/m

. The last two HbA1c values were 7.6 ± 1.7% and 7.5 ± 1.6. Results also showed that 12.7% had clinical heart disease, 13.7% had nephropathy, 20.8% had neuropathy, 6.1% had diabetic foot and 14.1% had retinopathy. The level of PA was low in 52.3% of the patients studied and moderate in 30.5%. The most frequent barriers were "lack of will" (59.6%) and "lack of energy" (37.2%). The low level of PA was associated with age (OR 1.05 per year of age; p < 0.001), HbA1c (OR 1.16 per 1%; p < 0.05), BMI (OR 1.06 per kg/m

 ; p < 0.001) and sex (OR 1.69 for women; p < 0.01).

PA in a cornerstone in management T2DM. Nevertheless, in this study, 52.3% of T2DM adults showed low level of PA. The main barriers reported were related to low personal motivation. These factors should be taken into account to implement programs to promote physical activity.

PA in a cornerstone in management T2DM. Nevertheless, in this study, 52.3% of T2DM adults showed low level of PA. The main barriers reported were related to low personal motivation. These factors should be taken into account to implement programs to promote physical activity.Free play is important in early childhood and offers physical and mental health benefits. Outdoor play offers opportunity for children to use natural elements and promotes physical activity, among other health benefits, including exploring their environment and taking risks. Risky outdoor play may involve challenges, heights, speed, and the potential for injury, but has been associated with increased physical activity levels, decreased sedentary behaviour, improved mental health, and social benefits. The integration of loose parts, or open-ended, unstructured materials, into play environments, has been associated with positive social behaviours, creativity, and improved problem-solving, confidence, and resilience. As opportunities for risky play in early childhood are determined by adults, including early childhood educators, it is important to understand their perspectives on these types of play. The purpose of this study was to explore early childhood educators' perspectives of risky play, in the context of the Physical Literacy in the Early Years (PLEY) intervention. PLEY was a mixed methods study that aimed to evaluate a loose parts intervention in early childcare settings. This paper used Qualitative Description to explore educators' perspectives. see more Data were collected from 15 focus groups with early childhood educators. Four themes were identified through thematic analysis. The first explains how risky play with loose parts contributes to evolution in educator perceptions; the second describes how educators' perceptions of risk are connected to institutions and systems; the third illustrates how educators developed strategies to facilitate risky play with loose parts; and the fourth demonstrates how educators perceive risky play as beneficial for children's healthy development. This project highlights societal shifts in play and how loose parts and risky play fit into the ongoing evolution in play, from the perspectives of early childhood educators.

Changes in the quality-of-life (QoL) of family caregivers as they care for their loved ones with dementia over time may affect the quality or level of care that these caregivers provide. We do not know if validated instruments exist to directly measure this quality or level of care. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify validated instruments for measuring the quality or level of care provided by family caregivers of persons with dementia.

We will include articles containing a validated instrument or questionnaire designed to measure quality or level of care provided by the aforementioned group of caregivers. The included articles may utilize the tools in primary or secondary data analyses, or evaluate the tools' psychometric properties. The following electronic databases will be searched from inception date to the present Medline, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Central, and PsycINFO. We will also search the gray literature, the reference lists of included articles, and contact experts in the fie develop initiatives that are targeted towards improving the quality or level of care provided by family caregivers.Sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) is one of the most depraved crimes against humanity. When carried out by peacekeepers and humanitarian aid workers, it depicts a catastrophic failure of protection bringing harm to the very people the United Nations and international organizations vow to protect. This paper has highlighted the various allegations and incidents of SEA repeatedly happening in conflict-affected countries. Allegations of SEA have since surfaced related to operations in Bosnia, Cambodia, Somalia, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Kosovo, Cote d'Ivoire, Haiti, Sudan, Guinea and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The symptoms of abuse survivors generally resemble those of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and SEA has significant health consequences and poses a severe threat to public health advancement. Based on the literature review, we propose that international and humanitarian organizations must ensure that these offences do not happen in the future by taking appropriate measures. These organizations must prioritize rigorous training on gender equality and values and include a basic mandatory test on gender equality before joining humanitarian missions. Since humanitarian diplomacy encompasses actions carried out by the humanitarian organizations to acquire space from military and political authorities within to function with integrity, we emphasize that strengthening humanitarian diplomacy can play a pivotal role to train the humanitarian workforce on best practices to reduce SEA. Besides, we further propose that women should be allowed to lead from the front; otherwise, true gender equality and issues relevant to gender, including SEA, will be challenging to attain.