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Water rights trading is an effective way to optimize the allocation of water resources. However, the existing practice of water rights trading in China lacks any consideration of the practical value of the exchanged water. This deficiency may lead to disputes between transferor and transferee during the implementation of the water rights trading contract. This paper puts forward the concept of Standard Water (SW). First, getting the original value of exchanged water by the shadow price model based on input-output table; Second, based on the original value, building the economic profits or costs model to obtain the practical value of exchanged water; Third, establishing SW quantity measurement model according to the principle of rewarding excellence and punishing inferiority, so as to convert the water quantity of exchanged water into SW quantity. With the standardization method, this paper takes the water rights transaction between Dongyang City and Yiwu City in 2000 as an example to carry out case study, and provides policy recommendations. The results show that when the contract requires the provision of 49.999 million m3 water of Class I the quality, if the exchanged water quality provided is in Class II-V, the corresponding SW will be decreased to 48.699-37.399 million m3. The application of this research will be conducive to ensuring the fairness and durability of the water rights trading processes.The aim of this paper is to discuss the unrecognized problem of the scale effect in compressive strength tests determined for cored specimens of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) against the background of available data on the effect for normal-weight concrete (NWAC). The scale effect was analyzed taking into consideration the influence of slenderness (λ = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) and diameter (d = 80, 100, 125, and 150 mm) of cored specimens, as well as the type of lightweight aggregate (expanded clay and sintered fly ash) and the type of cement matrix (w/c = 0.55 and 0.37). The analysis of the results for four lightweight aggregate concretes revealed no scale effect in compressive strength tests determined on cored specimens. Neither the slenderness, nor the core diameter seemed to affect the strength results. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/azd9291.html This fact should be explained by the considerably better structural homogeneity of the tested lightweight concretes in comparison to normal-weight ones. Nevertheless, there were clear differences between the results obtained on molded and cored specimens of the same shape and size.The main coffee diterpenes cafestol, kahweol, and 16-O-methylcafestol, present in the bean lipid fraction, are mostly esterified with fatty acids. They are believed to induce dyslipidaemia and hypercholesterolemia when taken with certain types of coffee brews. The study of their binding to serum albumins could help explain their interactions with biologically active xenobiotics. We investigated the interactions occurring between cafestol and 16-O-methylcafestol palmitates with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), Human Serum Albumin (HSA), and Fatty Free Human Serum Albumin (ffHSA) by means of circular dichroism and fluorimetry. Circular Dichroism (CD) revealed a slight change (up to 3%) in the secondary structure of fatty-free human albumin in the presence of the diterpene esters, suggesting that the aliphatic chain of the palmitate partly occupies one of the fatty acid sites of the protein. A warfarin displacement experiment was performed to identify the binding site, which is probably close but not coincident with Sudlow site I, as the affinity for warfarin is enhanced. Fluorescence quenching titrations revealed a complex behaviour, with Stern-Volmer constants in the order of 103-104 Lmol-1. A model of the HSA-warfarin-cafestol palmitate complex was obtained by docking, and the most favourable solution was found with the terpene palmitate chain inside the FA4 fatty acid site and the cafestol moiety fronting warfarin at the interface with site I.The machinability of composite materials depends on reinforcements, matrix properties, cutting parameters, and on the cutting tool used (material, coating, and geometry). For new composites, experimental studies must be performed in order to understand their machinability, and thereby help manufacturers establishing appropriate cutting data. In this study, investigations are conducted to analyze the effects of cutting parameters and drill bit diameter on the thrust force, surface roughness, specific cutting energy, and dust emission during dry drilling of a new hybrid biocomposite consisting of polypropylene reinforced with miscanthus fibers and biochar. A full factorial design was used for the experimental design. It was found that the feed rate, the spindle speed, and the drill bit diameter have significant effects on the thrust force, the surface roughness, and the specific cutting energy. The effects of the machining parameters and the drill bit diameter on ultrafine particles emitted were not statistically significant, while the feed rate and drill bit diameter had significant effects on fine particle emission.The work examines the effect of rhenium addition on the structure and properties of Cu-2Ni-1Si alloys. The aim of this work was to answer the question of how the addition of rhenium will affect the strengthening mechanisms of rhenium-modified, saturated, plastically deformed and aged Cu-2Ni-1Si alloys. How will this affect the crystallization process? What effect will it have on the properties? Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analysis of chemical composition in microareas (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EDS), light microscopy, measurements of microhardness and conductivity of the alloys were used for the investigations. Research on chemical and phase composition were carried out with application of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Modification with rhenium has caused an increase in hardness as a result of precipitation of small phases with rhenium. As the effect of supersaturation, cold plastic treatment as well as aging small phases with rhenium with a size of 200 nm to 600 nm causes both reinforcement of the alloy and makes recrystallization impossible.