Mullinsmcdonough0989
Phenolic compounds are effective means of promoting the release of fishy odor compounds, thereby significantly decreasing the fishy odor of fish products. In this study, the mechanisms underlying the promotion of fishy odor release by three phenolic compounds, rosmarinic acid (RA), carnosic acid (CA), and carnosol (CS), through interactions with the myofibrillar protein (MP) of silver carp were investigated. The addition of phenolic compounds (5, 25 and 125 μmol/g protein) was found to significantly alter the conformation of MP and decrease the fishy odor compound binding sites through the formation of phenolic compound-protein complexes. Of note, both sensory evaluation and gas chromatography analysis revealed a significant facilitation of fishy odor compound release by phenolic compounds in the presence of MP. In MP treated with 125 μmol/g protein of RA, the contents of fishy odor compounds increased from 30% to- 37%, with an increase of fishy odor score of 58%, compared to the un-treated control. Similar changes were observed when treating MP with CA or CS. These changes were likely due to the enhancement of protein-protein interactions caused by phenolic compounds and competition between fishy odor and phenolic compounds for hydrophobic binding sites in MP. The release of fishy odor compounds increased as the amount of phenolic compounds utilized increased with RA being the strongest promoter of fishy odor compounds, followed by CA and CS.To avoid chilling injury (CI) of apricots during storage, 1-2 °C and 4-6 °C storage as controls, the relationship between changes in cell wall characteristics and the occurrences of chilling injury under near-freezing temperature (NFT) storage was studied. NFT-stored improved apricots quality and inhibited CI index, membrane permeability and malondialdehyde (MDA) content; This also significantly inhibited the activity of cell wall modifying enzymes, delaying the solubilization of water-soluble pectin (WSP) and the degradation of cellulose. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging revealed that the density of the middle lamella in stored for 49 d was higher NFT than controlled temperature, delaying cell wall and chloroplast disintegration. Additionally, NFT-stored has no CI during the shelf life, and can be normal after ripening, maintaining higher commodity rate and sensory characteristics. These conclusions show that NFT storage can effectively improve the cold resistance of apricot fruit.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are linked to a range of negative health outcomes. However, the majority of research has been conducted in high-income-countries and little is known about ACE prevalence in low-and-middle-income-countries (LMIC), where the majority of the world's youth reside.
Assess ACE prevalence and demographic correlates in two provinces of the Southeast Asian LMIC Vietnam.
Prevalence of ACE were assessed among 644 Vietnamese high-school students, using the WHO Adverse Childhood Experiences-International Questionnaire.
About 74% of participants reported experiencing at least one ACE, with 27% reporting experiencing three or more ACE. Prevalence of sexual abuse was above 10% for both males and females. Sex differences were non-significant, suggesting child protective services should give consideration to both males and females. Factor analysis identified two patterns of ACE Violence and Aggression in Family and Community, and Family Member Dysfunction. Metabolism inhibitor Three ACE (sexual abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect) did not load on either factor. Thus, at least in our sample, sexual abuse was independent of other ACE, which indicates that it can occur in any context, among children in otherwise well-functioning families, an important consideration for child protective services. The lack of significant sex differences in sexual abuse means that Vietnamese boys need equal consideration for protection and support as girls.
Results indicate that ACE are a prevalent public health problem in Vietnam. Future research evaluating potential ACE risk factors such as authoritarian parenting may be useful to identify possible targets for prevention programs in Vietnam.
Results indicate that ACE are a prevalent public health problem in Vietnam. Future research evaluating potential ACE risk factors such as authoritarian parenting may be useful to identify possible targets for prevention programs in Vietnam.
The diagnosis of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) was recently included into the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Recognizing the need for a brief and specific measure CPTSD symptoms as defined by the ICD-11, Cloitre and her team (2018) developed the original English version of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ). The ITQ is composed of two scales-'post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)' and 'disturbances in self-organization' (DSO), respectively subdivided into three subscales. It was found to be psychometrically valid but has yet to be available in French.
The purpose of this study was to provide a French version of the ITQ and to examine its factorial validity, internal consistency, and convergent validity in a French-speaking Canadian sample.
The sample included 335 French-Canadian adults from the community.
The ITQ was translated in French, back translated into English, and deemed equivalent by the original ITQ's author. Participants answered the French version of the ITQ, as well as measures of convergent validity, via phone interview.
Confirmatory factorial analyses revealed that the French ITQ presented the same factor structure as the original ITQ. Composite reliability scores revealed good internal consistency for both scales, and all but one subscale. Pearson's correlation and Steiger's Z test revealed good convergent validity.
This study supports the factorial validity, internal consistency, and convergent validity of the French version of the ITQ, suggesting that it is a psychometrically sound measure of CPTSD.
This study supports the factorial validity, internal consistency, and convergent validity of the French version of the ITQ, suggesting that it is a psychometrically sound measure of CPTSD.
Few studies have employed person-centered approaches (i.e. latent profile analysis in this study) to investigate the specific patterns of childhood maltreatment in a large sample of Chinese adolescents, and little is known about the predictive validity of latent profile analysis on internalizing problems, compared with multiple individual risk model and cumulative risk model.
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether differential patterns of maltreatment existed by employing latent profile analysis with a sample of 9071 Chinese adolescents, and further examined the predictive validity of latent profile analysis on internalizing problems, relative to the cumulative risk and multiple individual risk model.
Using a stratified sampling approach, 10,515 participants (Mean age=14.24; SD=1.73) were chosen from three different types of middle schools in Chongqing city, China. 9071 valid responses (males=4775; females=4296) were obtained for final analysis.
Participants reported their childhood maltolescents at the risk of developing anxiety and depression symptoms, and the results suggested emotional abuse and emotional neglect are risk factors for higher levels of anxiety and depression among adolescents.
Our findings suggested that the multiple individual risk model is the optimal model for identifying adolescents at the risk of developing anxiety and depression symptoms, and the results suggested emotional abuse and emotional neglect are risk factors for higher levels of anxiety and depression among adolescents.
COVID-19 has seriously altered physicians' approach to patients and diseases, with a tendency to postpone elective procedures. Tonsillectomy, alone or with adenoidectomy, is one of the most common surgeries performed by otolaryngologists. Although they are generally accepted as elective surgeries, they significantly improve the quality of life, and postponing these surgeries for a long time can have deteriorative effects on the patients. We aimed to investigate the presence of SARS CoV-2 in the adenotonsillectomy materials to find out if performing adenotonsillectomy is safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Forty-eight tissue samples from 32 patients that underwent tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy were investigated whose SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test in the samples obtained from nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs were negative within 24h before the operation. While 16 patients underwent only tonsillectomy and one of their tonsils was investigated, 16 of the patients underwent adenotonsillectomy and their adenoid tissues were sent along with one of their tonsils. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was investigated with Real-Time PCR in tissue samples.
Two (4.2%) tissue samples had positive PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2, while 46 of them were negative. One of the positive patients had undergone tonsillectomy with the indication of chronic recurrent tonsillitis, and the other patient had undergone adenotonsillectomy for obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy. PCR test was positive in the adenoidectomy specimen and negative in the tonsillectomy specimen in this patient.
Adenotonsillectomy can be done safely in asymptomatic patients without a history of Covid-19, with a negative PCR test result obtained within the last 24h.
Adenotonsillectomy can be done safely in asymptomatic patients without a history of Covid-19, with a negative PCR test result obtained within the last 24 h.
To identify the factors predicting postoperative recurrence after cold steel excision for the market trader with idiopathic vocal process granulomas (VPGs).
The market traders with idiopathic VPGs who do not respond to medical treatment were treated by cold steel excision. The factors considered likely to affect the recurrence were evaluated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
The total of 80 idiopathic VPGs underwent the cold steel excision. All postoperative 6months, the complete remission rate was 37.5% (30 VPGs) and 50 recurrences developed (62.5%). The recurrence rate was not significantly associated with sex (P=0.119), side (P=0.468), VPG size (P=0.726), LPR (P=0.293), diabetes mellitus (P=0.5611), cerebrovascular disease (P=0.129), or chronic pulmonary disease (P=0.190). Multivariate logistic regression showed that only vocalization frequency (P=0.006) and smoking and alcohol consumption (P=0.001) were independent predictors of recurrence. There was no significant correlation between age and recurrence (P=0.59). However, recurrence was more common in those aged 51-60years than those aged ≥61years (P=0.019). Of the recurrent 49 VPGs treated conservatively via behavioural modification and oral deanxit, the granulomas disappeared spontaneously in 38 (77.6%) within 6-10months and in 11 (22.4%) within 2-3years.
The market traders with VPG would be a high recurrence rate after cold steel excision, the frequency of voice use and smoking and alcohol consumption were significant independent predictors of recurrence. Antidepressant medications and behavioural modification could effectively improve the outcome of VPG.
The market traders with VPG would be a high recurrence rate after cold steel excision, the frequency of voice use and smoking and alcohol consumption were significant independent predictors of recurrence. Antidepressant medications and behavioural modification could effectively improve the outcome of VPG.
