Averydriscoll3104
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease that usually occurs in children under 5 years and is caused by a group of enteroviruses. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD clusters from 2016 to 2020 in Tongzhou, Beijing, and explored the genetic evolution of CV-A6. The HFMD case information came from the Information System of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), as well as the clusters information verification and on-site investigation by Tongzhou CDC. ARIMA model was applied to forecast HFMD clusters in 2020. Totally 440 HFMD clusters were reported during 2016-2020. The large peak of the clusters occurred in April-July, followed by a smaller peak in October-November during 2016-2019. However, in 2020, the two peaks disappeared. The main site of HFMD clusters was childcare facilities (65.0%) and mostly occurred in urban areas (46.1%). The detection rate of CV-A6 was the highest (36.1%), and cases with CV-A6 infection had the highest proportion of fever. The phylogenetic analysis based on CV-A6 VP1 gene showed that the predominant strains mainly located in Group F during 2016-2017, while changed into Group A during 2018-2020. HFMD clusters presented seasonality, mainly located in childcare facilities and urban areas, and CV-A6 was the major causative agent. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce HFMD clusters.
To date, the treatment option for tachyarrhythmia is classified into drug therapy, catheter ablation, and implantable device therapy. However, the efficacy of the antiarrhythmic drugs is limited. Although the indication of catheter ablation is expanding, several fatal tachyarrhythmias are still refractory to ablation. LJI308 Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator increases survival, but it is not a curable treatment. Therefore, a novel therapy for tachyarrhythmias refractory to present treatments is desired. Gene therapy is being developed as a promising candidate for this purpose, and basic research and translational research have been accumulated in recent years.
This paper reviews the current state of gene therapy for arrhythmias, including susceptible arrhythmias, the route of administration to the heart, and the type of vector to use. We also discuss the latest progress in the technology of gene delivery and genome editing.
Gene therapy is one of the most promising technologies for arrhythmia treatment. However, additional technological innovation to achieve safe, localized, homogeneous, and long-lasting gene transfer is required for its clinical application.
Gene therapy is one of the most promising technologies for arrhythmia treatment. However, additional technological innovation to achieve safe, localized, homogeneous, and long-lasting gene transfer is required for its clinical application.
Reablement services are intended to make a difference in the daily lives of older adults. Outcomes are often described in terms of independence, improving quality of life, improving ADL functioning, or reducing services. However, little is known if the older adults or next-of-kin experience these outcomes when talking about participating in reablement services.
This study aims to explore how older adults, next-of-kin, and professionals narrate the reablement recipients' possible outcomes as gains and changes in everyday life during and after the reablement period.
This meta-synthesis included 13 studies. Data were analyzed with a meta-ethnographic approach, searching for overarching metaphors, in three stages.
The metaphor 'the jigsaw puzzle of activities for mastering daily life again' illustrates that re-assembling everyday life after reablement is not a straightforward process of gains and changes but includes several daily activities that must be organized and fit together. To obtain a deeper understanding of the participants' gains, and changes after reablement, we use the theoretical framework of 'doing, being, becoming, and belonging'.
The findings indicate the complexity of reablement services as well as the need for a holistic approach.
Outcome measures should be meaningful for reablement recipients.
Outcome measures should be meaningful for reablement recipients.Invited for this month's cover is the group of Prof. Yusuke Ishigaki at Hokkaido University, Japan. The cover picture shows a cyclic voltammogram drawn in the style of an ink painting, along with the structures of cationic species composed of pure hydrocarbons. The sunrise, a metaphor for X-rays irradiated on cations, is reminiscent of the dawn of redox chemistry of hydrocarbons. Elucidation of their redox properties should provide important insights into the development of organic electronic devices. The cover was designed by YAP Co., Ltd. More information can be found in the Review by T. Harimoto and Y. Ishigaki.Pistachio is one of the valuable, very nutritious, and high-energy fruits that is mainly dried and used as a snack due to problems with storage. Therefore, to investigate on how to extend clustered fresh pistachios' shelf-life, the effects of various packaging and storage conditions on the pistachios are presented in this study. Thus, clustered in-hull fresh pistachios were packaged in (a) Polyethylene film, 45 µm in thickness; (b) polypropylene/polyethylene/polyamide/polyethylene/aluminum foil multilayer film, 90 µm in thickness; (c) both films with alcoholic paper; in air, and under two gas mixtures of 88%N2 + 10%CO2 + 2%O2 and 83%N2 + 15%CO2 + 2%O2 . Samples were refrigerated at 5 ± 1°C for 3 months. Quality factors such as moisture content, weight loss, respiration rate, pH, texture, and appearance of the samples were monitored for fresh pistachio kernels and clustered pistachios. Data were analyzed in a completely randomized design using one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the shelf-life of MAP samples drastically increased compared to the control (packages without gaseous and alcoholic paper). A comparison of means among the groups suggests that the multilayer bags of fresh clustered pistachios with a mixture of 83%N2 + 15%CO2 + 2%O2 for a 3-month storage period is a particularly effective treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATION It is the first time that fresh pistachio is packaged in clusters (bundle). It seems that the packaging of fresh pistachio clusters, in addition to the benefits mentioned in this paper has a psychological effect on the consumer in terms of the naturalness of this product and has added value due to being considered an organic, luxurious, and delicacy food product. Therefore, in this study, the active MAP method that includes the technique of injecting carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen into the packaging was used to investigate its effects on the properties and shelf-life of raw clustered pistachios for fresh consumption.
Consumer engagement is an important element for developing and maintaining value-based healthcare standards. Occupation-based practice in the context of a group has been adopted by inpatient rehabilitation clinicians, but little research has explored if these groups are valuable and useful to patients.
To explore the experiences of patients participating in an occupation-based group intervention for instrumental activities of daily living to understand its value and usefulness in an inpatient rehabilitation setting.
Interpretive description guided the development of the study. Semi-structured interviews were completed with 15 participants of an occupation-based group, the LifeSkills group. Comparative analysis was used to analyse the data and develop themes.
Five themes were reported by participants choice and control, confidence through doing, a real-world connection, the power of the therapeutic relationship and the impact of the shared experience.
In line with current rehabilitation literature, patient experiences around client-centredness, occupational engagement in a 'real-world' environment, and valued relationships can be facilitated through an occupation-based group. This study supports the implementation of valued-based healthcare in understanding patient perceptions of occupation-based interventions into rehabilitation; ensuring that the right intervention is being used at the right time for the right patient.
In line with current rehabilitation literature, patient experiences around client-centredness, occupational engagement in a 'real-world' environment, and valued relationships can be facilitated through an occupation-based group. This study supports the implementation of valued-based healthcare in understanding patient perceptions of occupation-based interventions into rehabilitation; ensuring that the right intervention is being used at the right time for the right patient.
Three-dimensional (3D) visualization of multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) in fluorescence microscopy can rapidly provide qualitative morphological information about the architecture of these cellular aggregates, which can recapitulate key aspects of their in vivo counterpart.
The present work is aimed at overcoming the shallow depth-of-field (DoF) limitation in fluorescence microscopy while achieving 3D visualization of thick biological samples under study.
A custom-built fluorescence microscope with an electrically focus-tunable lens was developed to optically sweep in-depth the structure of MCTS. Acquired multifocus stacks were combined by means of postprocessing algorithms performed in the Fourier domain.
Images with relevant characteristics as extended DoF, stereoscopic pairs as well as reconstructed viewpoints of MCTS were obtained without segmentation of the focused regions or estimation of the depth map. The reconstructed images allowed us to observe the 3D morphology of cell aggregates.
Computational multifocus fluorescence microscopy can provide 3D visualization in MCTS. This tool is a promising development in assessing the morphological structure of different cellular aggregates while preserving a robust yet simple optical setup.
Computational multifocus fluorescence microscopy can provide 3D visualization in MCTS. This tool is a promising development in assessing the morphological structure of different cellular aggregates while preserving a robust yet simple optical setup.
There is increasing evidence that estrogen is responsible for improved outcomes in female kidney transplant recipients. Although the exact mechanism is not yet known, estrogen appears to exert its protective effects by ameliorating ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). In this study, we have examined whether the beneficial effects of exogenous estrogen in renal IRI are replicated by therapy with any one of several selective estrogen receptor modulators.
C57BL/6 adult mice underwent standardized warm renal ischemia for 28 min after being injected with the selective estrogen receptor modulators, raloxifene, lasofoxifene, tamoxifen, bazedoxifene, or control vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide), at 16 and 1 h before IRI. Plasma concentrations of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were assessed 24, 48, 72, and 96 h post-IRI. Tissue was collected 30 d postischemia for fibrosis analysis using Sirius Red staining.
Raloxifene treatment in female mice resulted in significantly lower blood urea nitrogen and creatinine after IRI and significantly lower fibrosis 30 d following IRI.
