Franksbauer8688

BACKGROUND RNA methylation is a reversible post-transcriptional modification involving numerous biological processes. Ribose 2'-O-methylation is part of RNA methylation. It has shown that ribose 2'- O-methylation plays an important role in immune recognition and other pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE We aim to design a computational method to identify2'-O-methylation. Calpeptin research buy METHOD Different from the experimental method, we propose a computational workflow identifying the methylation site based on the multi-feature extracting algorithm. RESULTS With a voting procedure based on 7 best feature-classifier combinations, we achieved AUC of 0.80 in 10-fold cross-validation. Furthermore, we optimized features and input the optimized features into SVM. As a results, the AUC reached to 0.813. CONCLUSION The RNA sample, especially the negative samples, used in this study are more objective and strict, so we got more representative result than state-of-arts studies. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.OBJECTIVE The world is under the grasp of dangerous post-antibiotics and antimicrobials attack where common infections may become untreatable leading to premature deaths due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). While an estimated 7,00,000 people die annually due to AMR which is a public health threat to all communities in different parts of the world regardless of their economic status. However, this threat is enough in low- and middle-income countries having lack of sanitation and health infrastructure. 68th World Health Assembly endorsed the Global Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance. Consequently, many countries started drafting and committing to National Action Plans against AMR. As strong as National Action Plans are in terms of prescribing rational use of antimicrobials, infection control practices, and related public health measures, without strong health systems, these measures will have a limited impact on AMR in developing countries. METHODS The major reason for AMR is due to microbial quorum sensing (QS) that may sturdy the microbial community to generate inter-communication and virulence effects via quorum sensing mechanisms. Global stewardship to combat antimicrobial resistance is to develop anti-quorum sensing compounds that can inhibit the biosynthetic pathway mediated different quorum sensing targets. RESULTS It may pave an effective attempt to minimize microbial quorum sensing mediated antimicrobial resistance. The present review describes QS mediated various potential target enzymes, its connection to AMR, and to find out the corresponding QS biosynthetic target inhibitors. CONCLUSION These potential inhibitors can be derivatized to design and develop the next-generation antimicrobial agents. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.A number of clinical studies have revealed that there is an association between major depression (MD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Both diseases are shown to affect a large proportion of the global population. More advanced studies in understanding the comorbidity mechanism of these two diseases can shed light on developing new therapies of both diseases. To the best of our knowledge, there have not been any researches in the literature investigating the relationship between MD and GERD using their miRNA biomarkers. We adopt a phylogenetic analysis to analyze their miRNA biomarkers. From our analyzed results, the association of these two diseases can be explored through miRNA phylogeny. In addition to evidence from the phylogenetic analysis, we also demonstrate epidemiological evidence for the relationship between MD and GERD based on Taiwan biobank data. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Chronic consumption of alcohol has an adverse effect on the skeletal system, which may lead to osteoporosis, delayed fracture healing and osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Currently, treatment is limited. It is urgent to determine the underline mechanism and invent new treatment. It is well known that normal bone remodeling relies on the balance between osteoclastmediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Many factors can destroy the balance, including dysfunction of immune system. In this review, we summarized the relevant research in the alcoholic osteopenia with a focus on the abnormal osteoimmunology signals, and provided a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of the alcoholic bone. METHODS We searched PubMed for publications from 1 January 1980 to 1 February 2020 to identify relevant and latest literatures, evaluation and prospect of alcoholic osteopenia were summarized. Detailed search terms were 'alcohol', 'alcoholic osteoporosis', 'alcoholic osteopenia' 'immune', 'osteoimmunology', 'bone remodeling', 'osteoporosis treatment', 'osteoporosis therapy'. RESULTS A total of 135 papers were included in the review. About 60 papers described the mechanisms of alcohol involved in bone remodeling. Some papers were focused on the pathogenesis of alcohol on bone through osteoimmune mechanisms. CONCLUSION There is a complex network of signals between alcohol and bone remodeling, and intercellular communication of osteoimmune may be a potential mechanism for alcoholic bone. Studying the osteoimmune mechanism is critical for drug development specific to alcoholic bone disorder. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Neurotoxic chemical warfare agents can be classified as some of the most dangerous chemicals for humanity. The most effective of those agents are the organophosphates (OPs) capable of restricting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which in turn controls the nerve impulse transmission. When AChE is inhibited by OPs, its reactivation can be usually performed through cationic oximes. However, until today it has not been developed one universal defense agent, with complete effective reactivation activity for AChE inhibited by any of the many types of existing neurotoxic OPs. For this reason, before treating people intoxicated by an OP, it is necessary to determine the neurotoxic compound that was used for contamination, in order to select the most effective oxime. Unfortunately, this task usually requires a relative long time, raising the possibility of death. Cationic oximes also display a limited capacity of permeating the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This fact compromises their capacity of reactivating AChE inside the nervous system. METHODS We performed a comprehensive search on the data about OPs available on the scientific literature today in order to cover all the main drawbacks still faced in the research for the development of effective antidotes against those compounds. RESULTS Therefore, this review about neurotoxic OPs and the reactivation of AChE, provides insights for the new agents' development. The most expected defense agent is a molecule without toxicity and effective to reactivate AChE inhibited by all neurotoxic OPs. CONCLUSION To develop these new agents it is necessary the application of diverse scientific areas of research, especially theoretical procedures as computational science (computer simulation, docking and dynamics); organic synthesis; spectroscopic methodologies; biology, biochemical and biophysical information; medicinal chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Drug-protein complexes is one of the crucial factors when analyzing the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a drug because they can affect the excretion, distribution, metabolism and interaction with target tissues. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of human hemoglobin (Hb) and angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptide (ACEIP) in the absence and presence of different-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF). METHODS Various spectroscopic methods like fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet, circular dichroism and conductometry techniques were applied to investigate Hb-ACEIP interaction in the absence and presence of EMF. RESULT The presented spectroscopic studies indicated that EMF changed the interaction between Hb and ACEIP. The a-helix content of Hb decreased upon binding to ACEIP and conductivity of the solution enhanced upon binding. Based on Stern-Volmer equations, it could be stated that the Hb-ACEIP affinity was higher in the presence of EMF. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that for patients who use the drug to control blood pressure, a low-frequency electromagnetic field would have a positive effect on the uptake of the drug. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. Biomarkers of bone turnover have been used for years in bone disease management, especially to determine response to treatment. They are substances found in biological fluids, produced during the bone remodelling process. Recently, new approaches for the detection of bone physiology and pathology biomarkers have been proposed, among which proteomics, with particular interest in osteoporosis. The objective of this manuscript is to review current knowledge on proteomics applied to osteoporosis in vivo. The analysis of the 14 studies published to date showed a range of proteins whose expression is altered in patients with osteoporosis. The relatively small number of papers depends mainly on high costs and technical limitations; due to the difficulty to collect osteoclasts, most of the studies performed proteomics on peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs), already accepted as an excellent osteoporosis cell model in vivo. Among the identified proteins, the most promising are represented by Gelsolin (GSN), Annexin A2 (ANXA2), and Prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4HB). They have been related to bone mineral density (BMD), sometimes in apparent disagreement (some upregulated and others downregulated in patients with low BMD). Finally, worthy of mention is the application of proteomics in the emerging field of microvesicles (MVs); they are important messengers, widely present in body fluids, and have recently emerged as novel targets for the diagnosis of multiple diseases, among which musculoskeletal diseases. In conclusion, the proteomic field is relatively novel in osteoporosis and has a considerable but theoretical potential; further investigations are needed in order to make proteome-derived markers applicable to clinical practice. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Cardiac involvement has rarely been reported in West Nile (WNV) infection. We report a fatal case of WNV encephalitis associated with an acute anteroseptal ST elevation myocardial infarction. The patient was hospitalized with a fever, headache, nausea and vomiting. The physical examination revealed positive meningeal signs and an altered level of consciousness. High levels of cardiac enzymes (creatine phosphokinase/MB fraction, lactate dehydrogenase, myoglobin and cardiac troponin I) and ST elevation on electrocardiogram were found. Both CSF and urine samples were positive for WNV RNA. This case highlights the need of awareness of the possibility of a WNV-related myocardial infection, including myocardial infarction.