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Periodontitis is a chronic infectious oral disease with a high prevalence rate in the world, and is a major cause of tooth loss. Nowadays, people have realized that the local microenvironment that includes proteins, cytokines, and extracellular matrix has a key influence on the functions of host immune cells and periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells during a chronic infectious disease such as periodontitis. The above pathological process of periodontitis will lead to a defect of periodontal tissues. Through the application of biomaterials, biological agents, and stem cell therapy, guided tissue regeneration (GTR) makes it possible to reconstruct healthy PDL tissue after local inflammation control. To date, substantial advances have been made in periodontal GTR. However, the process of periodontal remodeling experiences complex microenvironment changes, and currently periodontium regeneration still remains to be a challenging feat. In this review, we summarized the main challenges in each stage of periodontal regeneration, and try to put forward appropriate biomaterial treatment mechanisms or potential tissue engineering strategies that provide a theoretical basis for periodontal tissue engineering regeneration research.Support for informal dementia care at a local community level is not working for most carers today. Carers looking after a person with dementia have long lamented the absence of an empowered named support and an effectively actioned care plan. Drawing on literary writing and social research, we argue in this article that these challenges have existed since dementia emerged as a major condition in the West during the 1980s. Based on this historical context, we ask Why has this issue persisted over the last four decades? How have healthcare politics and policy initiatives responded to these requests? And what can we learn from this for the current, COVID-19 exacerbated crisis of care? This article focuses on the English context, to discuss these ongoing challenges in the light of a series of policy papers, and to ask what is hampering the implementation of such policy initiatives. In England, local authorities are responsible for dementia support. This article focuses on the situation in a county in the Midlands where one of us (AB) has been lobbying local government for over a decade. The discussion contextualises the lived experience of dementia care within the situation exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, ensuing politics of crises and persistent emphasis on cure over care. We find that the absence on two points centrally challenges care a joined-up approach between health and social care and adequate information on available care support services, accessible through an empowered named contact. To enhance the lived experience of dementia care, consistent provision of individual named support and professional care support, as and when required, should become essential to local implementation of the care policy.Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in children is a rare adverse drug reaction with skin rash, fever, hematologic abnormalities, and multiorgan involvement. The diagnosis is difficult because of its various clinical presentations, nonetheless is extremely important due to the mortality rate. We describe a 14-year-old boy who developed hypersensitivity to either teicoplanin or meropenem therapy. After failing to improve with corticosteroids, he was successfully treated with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). TPE should be considered in the treatment with corticosteroid-resistant DRESS syndrome.Glioma is the foremost recurrent type of brain tumor in humans; in particular, glioblastoma (GBM) is the main form of brain tumor (GBM) that is highly proliferative and impervious to apoptosis. Triphlorethol-A (TA), a phlorotannin isolated from Ecklonia cava, exhibited cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, the exact molecular action of TA in the U251 human GBM cells remains unknown. This may be the first report on the antiproliferative and apoptotic mechanisms of TA on GBM. The cytotoxicity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and cell apoptosis activity of TA have been evaluated by the MTT assay and by DCFH-DA, Rh-123, AO/EB, and western blot analysis. The results obtained showed that TA abridged the viability of U251 cells, while MMP increased apoptosis by increasing the ROS levels in a time-dependent manner. The results showed that a reduction in U251 cell proliferation was associated with the regulation of JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. TA was found to suppress pJAK, pSTAT3, p38 MAPK, and pERK phosphorylation, thereby causing Bax/Bcl-2 imbalance, activating the caspase cascade and cytochrome c, and inducing apoptosis. Our findings showed that the suppression of JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK/ERK signaling by TA results in cell growth arrest and stimulation of apoptosis in GBM cells. These studies justify the protective remedy of TA against GBM.Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) polymers excelling in simple, low-cost and large-area solution process ability have attracted tremendous attention recently, but it remains a great challenge for the design of such materials due to the lack of reliable molecular construction guidelines. Here we perform a systematic computational investigation on the construction of TADF polymers from non-TADF monomers to elucidate the effects of polymerization sites, substituent positions and substituent types. The results indicate that the polymerization of 3,6-carbazole-based monomers with different substituents is efficient to build TADF polymers due to their facile π-conjugation extendability. Especially, polymers with para-phenyl-substituted monomers are promising in light of their separated frontier molecular orbitals for small ΔEST with favorable energy levels, bipolar charge transport properties and relatively strong absorption/emission intensity, which should be highly attractive for experimental investigations. These findings and insights are important in revealing the structure-property relation of TADF polymers made from non-TADF monomers with important clues for understanding the construction mechanism and molecular design principles of TADF polymers.UV-Vis absorption spectra and emission peaks of indole and 7-fluoroindole are measured and it is observed that 7-fluoroindole quenches the fluorescence signals significantly compared to indole. This observation is elucidated via reconstruction of the potential energy surfaces, determination of the conical intersections, and dynamical studies. It is observed that a single fluorine substitution on indole leads to the appearance of several accessible low-energy conical intersections that cause fast nonradiative decay. In this paper, we have investigated the nonradiative processes of Ind and 7F-Ind theoretically using high-level methods, such as EOM-EE-CCSD, SA-CASSCF, MS-CASPT2/6-311++G(d,p) levels of theory, to study these pathways and their feasibility.The assessment of psychomotor development in young children from low- and middle-income countries is impeded due to the lack of tools specifically designed for these resource-constrained contexts. This cross-sectional study aimed at analysing the measurement properties of the Kilifi Developmental Inventory (KDI) in two-year-old children. We administered the KDI to 289 children from Côte d'Ivoire and 230 children from Ghana. The postulated internal structure with two first-order latent variables (locomotor performance and eye-hand coordination) that loaded on a second-order latent variable (psychomotor functioning) was supported. The reliability of most factors and scales was sufficient. Interrater reliability of most items was acceptable. Correlations were weak between the scale scores and age and gender, respectively. The findings are limited by the restricted age range of the sample. Overall, the KDI showed promising measurement properties for the assessment of psychomotor performance in children from sub-Saharan countries.

The Attentional Fixation on Suicide Experiences Questionnaire (AFSEQ) was developed to measure attentional fixation on suicide, a cognitive process characterized by a preoccupation with suicide as a solution. This study investigated a revised version (AFSEQ-R) and examined differences between those who made a recent suicide attempt and those with suicidal ideation (SI).

Participants were 57 inpatients who attempted suicide within 14 days of study participation and 57 inpatients who presented with SI but no suicidal behavior within the past year. Analyses examined the internal reliability, multidimensionality, and construct validity of the AFSEQ-R, and whether attentional fixation moderated the correlation between SI and attempt status.

Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure, and subscale and total scores demonstrated excellent internal consistency. Cognitive Stuckness (and total score) correlated with SI, anxiety, impulsivity, and specific problem-solving deficits, while Cognitive Dysfunction correlated with anxiety and acted as a moderator of the correlation between Stuckness and SI. AFSEQ-R scores did not moderate the relationship between SI and attempt status.

AFSEQ-R is a psychometrically sound and valid measure of attentional fixation. Attentional fixation on suicide is correlated with SI, and prospective studies are needed to uncover its directional effect on suicidal crises.

AFSEQ-R is a psychometrically sound and valid measure of attentional fixation. Attentional fixation on suicide is correlated with SI, and prospective studies are needed to uncover its directional effect on suicidal crises.Little is known about the characteristics of respiratory tract microbiome in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inpatients with different severity. learn more We conducted a study that expected to clarify these characteristics as much as possible. A cross-sectional study was conducted to characterize respiratory tract microbial communities of 69 COVID-19 inpatients from 64 nasopharyngeal swabs and 5 sputum specimens using 16S ribosomal RNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing. The bacterial profiles were analyzed to find potential biomarkers by the two-step method, the combination of random forest model and the linear discriminant analysis effect size, and explore the connections with clinical characteristics by Spearman's rank test. Compared with mild COVID-19 patients, severe patients had significantly decreased bacterial diversity (p-values were less than 0.05 in the alpha and beta diversity) and relative lower abundance of opportunistic pathogens, including Actinomyces, Prevotella, Rothia, Streptococcus, Veillonella. Eight potential biomarkers including Treponema, Leptotrichia, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Parvimonas, Alloprevotella, Porphyromonas, Gemella, and Streptococcus were found to distinguish the mild COVID-19 patients from the severe COVID-19 patients. The genera of Actinomyces and Prevotella were negatively correlated with age in two groups. Intensive care unit admission, neutrophil count, and lymphocyte count were significantly correlated with different genera in the two groups. In addition, there was a positive correlation between Klebsiella and white blood cell count in two groups. The respiratory tract microbiome had significant differences in COVID-19 patients with different severity. The value of the respiratory tract microbiome as predictive biomarkers for COVID-19 severity deserves further exploration.