Mortonwestermann2998

achieve the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets of ceftazidime and avibactam against CRKP carrying blaOXA-48 .

To assess generalized (GD) and focal ellipsoid zone disruption (FD) in patients with symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (sVMA) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) following ocriplasmin.

OZONE was a Phase 4, retrospective study of patients with sVMA treated with a single intravitreal injection of ocriplasmin (0.125 mg). Data from adult patients with at least 6-month follow-up after ocriplasmin were included. SD-OCT was performed at baseline (within 30 days before ocriplasmin), before Day 21 post-injection (early observation, EO), and by last observation (LO) which was maximally 6 months post-injection. The main outcome measure was the development of new and the evolution of existing FD/GD at EO and LO.

The study enrolled 134 eyes/patients from 22 sites in the USA. At baseline, 87 eyes (64.9%) had FD, 21 eyes (15.7%) had GD and 26 eyes (19.4%) had no FD/GD. Among the eyes without FD/GD at baseline, 13 (50%) and 8 (30.8%) developed FD or GD, respectively, by EO. By LO, FD/GD improvetural history of this disorder. It is hypothesized that the status of the EZ at baseline is a contributing, ocriplasmin independent modulator of subsequent EZ changes after ocriplasmin. Prospective analyses which include a sham control group would be required to test this hypothesis.

To report the subjective assessment of topical self-administered, cadaver-derived corneal epithelial stem cell supernatant for treatment of severe dry eye disease (DED).

Thirty-four eyes of 17 patients with advanced DED as defined by Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED

) questionnaire ≥14, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI©) score ≥40 and documented attempt of at least six conventional dry eye therapies were enrolled into a prospective clinical trial at a single private practice institution. Treatment consisted of patient self-administered topical instillation of the corneal epithelial stem cell-derived product four times daily in both eyes for 12 weeks. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were taken with the SPEED

questionnaire (the main outcome variable), OSDI© score and visual analog score (VAS; UNC Dry Eye Management Scale©), and objective clinical measurements were taken with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal topographic index measurements and tear film osmolaristem cell-derived supernatant that can be self-administered by the patient shows promise at improving patient symptoms and quality of life in the setting of severe DED that is unresponsive to conventional therapies.

The study was undertaken for regulatory purposes to establish clinical biosimilarity and interchangeability of a ranibizumab biosimilar with reference product.

A total of 159 subjects with neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were dosed with ranibizumab. Initial double blind period of 16 weeks was followed by open-label phase till week 24. Efficacy assessment was performed at weeks 1, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 based on best corrected visual acuity. Change in central macular thickness was assessed by optical coherence tomography from baseline to week 24. Immunogenicity assessment was done in both arms at baseline, week 16 and week 24. Safety evaluation included clinical and ophthalmic examination, adverse events, vital signs, laboratory parameters and immunogenicity in both treatment arms.

In the biosimilar test arm, 104 (98.11%) and 105 (99.06%) patients lost fewer than 15 letters in visual acuity at week 16 and week 24, respectively, compared with 53 (100%) at both follow-ups in reference arm. In the test arm, 27 (25.47%) and 34 (32.08%) patients gained at least 15 letters in visual acuity till week 16 and week 24 respectively, compared with 17 (32.08%) and 23 (43.30%) in the reference arm. In the test arm, mean change in central macular thickness at 24 weeks was -89.93 µm against -64.42 µm in the reference arm. Difference was statistically not significant for any endpoint at 16 and 24 weeks for the primary and secondary endpoints.

The evaluation of efficacy, safety and immunogenicity was concluded to show no meaningful clinical difference for biosimilar ranibizumab with the reference product.

The evaluation of efficacy, safety and immunogenicity was concluded to show no meaningful clinical difference for biosimilar ranibizumab with the reference product.

Trachoma is the second leading cause of blindness in the world affecting the poorest communities. Despite many interventions undertaken on prevention and control for trachoma, Ethiopia has failed to achieve the 2020 elimination goal.

To assess knowledge, attitude, practice and its associated factors toward trachoma infection among people living in Arba Minch Zuria district Gamo zone, Southern Ethiopia.

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to June 2020. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire from 796 randomly selected individuals. Epi Info version 7 was used to enter and clean the data and exported to SPSS V20 for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression analysis model was fitted to identify factors associated with the outcome variables.

Among 796 interviewed participants, 611 (76.8%) had inadequate knowledge toward trachoma infection and 244 (30.7%) had unfavorable attitude. Individuals who had no formal education (AOR=0.36e knowledge about trachoma infection. Awareness creation through community mobilization and sensitization should be strengthened.

Considerable numbers of people have unfavorable attitude and inadequate knowledge about trachoma infection. Awareness creation through community mobilization and sensitization should be strengthened.

To study the effectiveness and safety of upper and lower eyelid treatment with combined application of three modes of 2940-nm erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (ErYAG) and 1064-nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (NdYAG) lasers in patients with baggy eyelids (formed by intraorbital fat herniation) who exhibited meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

In this prospective cohort study, patients with baggy eyelid who exhibited MGD received combined laser treatment at baseline, as well as at the 4-, 8-, and 12-week follow-ups. The primary endpoint was meibum quality score at 16- and 24-week follow-ups; secondary endpoints were ocular surface index scores, tear film lipid layer thicknesses, tear break up times (TBUTs), Oxford scheme grades, and meibography grades at 16- and 24-week follow-ups. Adverse events, uncorrected visual acuities, best-corrected visual acuities, and intraocular pressures were also recorded.

Sixteen patients (four men and 12 women; mean age, 56.38 ± 8.64 years) were included. selleck screening library Meibum quality scores at the 16-week follow-up were significantly lower than scores at baseline (p=0.043) and at the 24-week follow-up (p=0.015). TBUT was significantly exacerbated at the 24-week follow-up, compared with baseline (p=0.001) and the 16-week follow-up (p=0.006). There were no significant changes in other parameters. All adverse events were mild and resolved without additional treatment.

Combined application of three modes of 2940-nm ErYAG and 1064-nm NdYAG lasers on upper and lower eyelids significantly improved meibum quality in patients with MGD; it ameliorated symptoms and signs of dry eye disease at 4 weeks after completion of laser treatment.

Combined application of three modes of 2940-nm ErYAG and 1064-nm NdYAG lasers on upper and lower eyelids significantly improved meibum quality in patients with MGD; it ameliorated symptoms and signs of dry eye disease at 4 weeks after completion of laser treatment.

To compare the visual performance of the AcrySof IQ PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens and the TECNIS Symfony extended depth-of-focus lens at near and distance visual ranges.

A total of 146 patients (221 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification and cataract extraction and received either a PanOptix or Symfony lens from January 2019 to July 2020 were included in the study (83 PanOptix non-toric, 30 PanOptix toric, 70 Symfony non-toric, and 38 Symfony toric). Uncorrected distance (UDVA), uncorrected near (UNVA), and corrected distance (CDVA) visual acuity were assessed at one-day, one-month, and three-months postoperatively. Averages of UDVA, UNVA, and CDVA were taken to evaluate which lens was superior at near and distance visual ranges. Secondary outcome measures including glare, halo, dryness, and problems with night vision were documented at each postoperative visit.

At one month postoperatively, the average UNVA was 0.16 ± 0.14 logMAR in the PanOptix group and 0.21 ± 0.14 logMAR in the Symfony group (er UNVA compared to the TECNIS Symfony extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens at one-month postoperatively, though this difference was not seen at three months postoperatively. There is no statistically significant difference in UDVA and CDVA between the two groups at postoperative day one, one-month, and three-months.

To evaluate the long-term predictive value of the need to treat patients referred by optometric practitioners, regarding glaucoma, in Malmö, Sweden, using intraocular pressure (IOP) as the primary referral criterion.

This retrospective study included 94 of 108 (87%) individuals referred to the Skåne University Hospital in Malmö, Sweden, for elevated IOP during 2012-2013. Data were extracted from patient records by the end of 2019. Positive outcome was defined as glaucoma, treated suspected glaucoma or treated ocular hypertension (OH) at referral or during the follow-up period. Positive predictive values (PPV) were calculated using different hypothetical thresholds for age and IOP-levels. Long-term follow-up was used to evaluate whether the first visit diagnoses would change over time, and if this would affect the effectiveness of the referrals.

Elevated IOP was the only referral criterion in 84% (n=79). In 28 patients (35%) among the IOP-only referrals, no ocular disease was found, and 26 patients (33%). The long-term follow-up allowed us to verify the applicability of higher hypothetical threshold requirements on age and IOP for glaucoma referrals from optometric practices.

To examine the neuroprotective effect of minocycline on retinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats and investigate its possible mechanism of action.

Retinal IR injury was established by increasing the intraocular pressure in rats up to 110mmHg for 60 min. The animals with retinal IR injury were intraperitoneally injected with 22.5 mg/kg minocycline twice a day for 14 days. The control group received the same amount of saline. Subsequently, funduscopic examination, retinal thickness measurement, retinal microvascular morphology, full-field electroretinography (ERG), retinal apoptotic cell count, and remaining retinal ganglion cell (RGC) count were performed. The expression of iNOS, Bax, Bcl2, IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α, caspase-3, GFAP, Iba-1, Hif-1α, and Nrf2 was examined with real-time PCR and western blotting.

Minocycline treatment prevented IR-induced rat retinal edema and retinal cells apoptosis at the early stage and alleviated retina atrophy, blood vessel tortuosity, functional photoreceptor damage, and RGC degeneration at the late stage of the IR injury.