Vanghein9029
Moreover, the potential use of this model for drug testing applications is demonstrated by evaluating the effects of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents that are in current clinical use. The vascular injury-on-a-chip may serve as an enabling platform for preclinical investigation of hematological disorders and emerging therapeutic approaches against them.The beneficial role of subcutaneous adipose tissue in skin rejuvenation derived from its capacity to fill the under-layer volumes but also from its ability to regulate the extracellular matrix production by dermis fibroblasts. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is a commonly used injectable dermal filler showing excellent efficiencies to maintain tissue augmentation even after its biodegradation. To improve their stability, the HA molecules can also be "cross-linked" to each other. The effects of cross-linked HA-based fillers on the dermal structure are well known. For safety reasons, most of the physicians prefer to use the blunt cannula for injections. However, evidences showed that the cannula could not be located in the dermis, but it passes through immediate hypodermis and the long-lasting effect of cross-linked HA-based fillers may be related to its effects on adipose tissue. To test whether cross-linked HA has a direct effect on human adipocytes, we treated isolated adipocytes and precursors cells from human skin donors with cross-linked HA. Biochemical and cellular analysis demonstrated that treatment by cross-linked HA showed beneficial effects on differentiated cell adherence and survival as well as reduced basal and induced lipolysis in fully mature adipocytes. Taken together, these data showed that cross-linked HA promoted cell adherence and preserved the adipogenic capacity of preadipocytes during prolonged cell culture, bringing additional evidences of the beneficial role of cross-linked HA-based fillers in maintenance of the subcutaneous fat mass. This first study could defend a preventive approach to facial volume loss during natural aging.
Programmed death-1 (PD-1) blocking antibodies have been shown to improve progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival in a subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the objective response rate with these agents remains low, and the vast majority of NSCLC patients require alternative combination treatment regimens to prolong their survival. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell infusions combined with PD-1 blocking antibodies in patients with NSCLC.
In this preliminary study, we investigated the safety and immune function effectiveness of PD-1 blockade antibodies pembrolizumab or nivolumab administered in combination with or without autologous CIK cell infusions in 18 patients with advanced NSCLC. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from these patients and the expression level of some cell surface molecules like PD-1 were detected using flow cytometry to reflect the effectiveness ong assessments of this combination in future clinical trials.This paper describes the key basic elements required for a successful multi-parametric MRI data acquisition in awake children with autism. The procedure was designed by taking into account methodological challenges arising from the acquisition of Resting State fMRI (RS fMRI) data, and factors such as cost, time, and staff availability. The ultimate aim was to prepare an imaging preparation protocol with high transferability to the whole autism spectrum, adaptable for use in a multi-site research with multiple time points. As part of a randomized pharmaco-intervention study, 31 children aged 4-10 years with Neurofibromatosis 1 and autism underwent MR imaging at baseline and end of intervention. The protocol consisted of tailored habituation instructions including gradual exposure to scanner noise, a social stories booklet, positive incentive strategies, and Play Therapy support. Success rate for initial acquisition was 71% for GABA+ MR spectroscopy at either location, 87% for perfusion, and 67% for diffusion assessment, and 71% for RS fMRI. Qualitative data indicated that 84% parents found the habituation protocol helpful. LAY SUMMARY Here we describe a protocol for brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) tailored for children with ASD to help reduce stress and avoid sedation during scanning. This procedure can make advanced medical imaging more accessible and promote a better MRI experience for families of children with ASD.Titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) is a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its low cost, natural abundance, nontoxicity, and excellent electrochemical stability. Oxygen vacancies, the most common point defects in TiO2 , can dramatically influence the physical and chemical properties of TiO2 , including band structure, crystal structure and adsorption properties. Recent studies have demonstrated that oxygen-deficient TiO2 can significantly enhance sodium storage performance. Considering the importance of oxygen vacancies in modifying the properties of TiO2 , the structural properties, common synthesis strategies, characterization techniques, as well as the contribution of oxygen-deficient TiO2 on initial Coulombic efficiency, cyclic stability, rate performance for sodium storage are comprehensively described in this review. Finally, some perspectives on the challenge and future opportunities for the development of oxygen-deficient TiO2 are proposed.Designing of multicomponent transition metal oxide system through the employment of advanced atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique over nanostructures obtained from wet chemical process is a novel approach to construct rational supercapacitor electrodes. PI3K inhibitor Following the strategy, core-shell type NiO/Co3 O4 nanocone array structures are architectured over Ni-foam (NF) substrate. The high-aspect-ratio Co3 O4 nanocones are hydrothermally grown over NF following the precision controlled deposition of shell NiO considering Co3 O4 nanocone as host. NiO thickness of 5 nm exhibits the highest specific capacity of 1242 C g-1 (2760 F g-1 ) at current density 2 A g-1 , which is greater than pristine Co3 O4 @NF (1045.8 C g-1 or 2324 F g-1 ). The rate capability with 5 nm NiO/Co3 O4 @NF nanocone structures is about 77% whereas Co3 O4 @NF retains 46 % of capability at 10 A g-1 . The ultrathin ALD 5 nm NiO accelerates both rate capability and 95.5% cyclic stability after 12 000 charge-discharge cycles. An asymmetric device fabricated between 5 nm NiO/Co3 O4 @NF (positive) || activated carbon (negative) achieves an energy density of 81.45 Wh kg-1 (4268 W kg-1 ) with good cycling device stability. Additionally, LEDs can be energized by two ASC device in series. This work opens the path in both advanced electrode material and surface modification of earth-abundant systems for efficient and real-time supercapacitor applications.Hydrogen production by steam electrolysis at intermediate temperatures has potential for both the high energy conversion efficiency and the flexible operability suitable for the utilization of renewable energy resources. Employment of proton-conducting solid acid electrolytes at around 200 °C is considered promising but has rarely been investigated. Here, steam electrolysis was performed at 160-220 °C using a solid acid electrolysis cell (SAEC) composed of a CsH2 PO4 /SiP2 O7 composite electrolyte and Pt/C electrodes. Hydrogen production was successfully demonstrated with Faraday efficiencies around 80 %. Key factors affecting the SAEC stability were investigated in detail for the first time. It was revealed that a certain part of the electrolyte migrated into the porous anode structure during the operation. The migrated electrolyte prevented the gas diffusion and flooded the Pt/C catalyst layer. It was also found that carbonaceous materials in the anode was oxidized, leading to the decrease in the number of electrochemically active sites. Based on the findings, Pt mesh was employed as an alternative anode. The SAEC with the Pt mesh anode showed superior stability, demonstrating the importance of the anode design. The present work provides a comprehensive view of the stability issues, which is essential for the development of durable and practical SAECs.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a valved holding chamber (VHC) is a preferred route of bronchodilator delivery. We have developed a new homemade VHC, made of a paper coffee cup, and a drinking water bottle. This study was conducted to compare the bronchodilator response in children with airway hyperresponsiveness after the use of our homemade VHC and that of a standard commercial one.
In a randomized, two-period, two-sequence crossover trial, we recruited 20 children, aged 6-15 years, who had a greater than 12% increase in FEV
after inhaled salbutamol. They were randomized into Group A and B. Group A used our VHC on the first day and Aerochamber® on the second day. Group B used the same VHCs but in alternate sequence. Spirometries were performed before and after 400 µgof salbutamol, MDI was administered via those VHCs.
Baseline demographic data and spirometric values did not have statistically significant differences between group A and B and between the first and second day (p > .05). After giving salbutamol MDI, both VHCs produced significant increases in FVC, FEV
, and FEF
(p < .005). The improvement in FEV
did not significantly differ between our homemade VHC and Aerochamber® (p > .05).
Our homemade VHC is effective for an MDI bronchodilator delivery. Since it is very cheap and easy to make, it may be used as a disposable device to minimize airborne transmission especially when commercial VHC is not available.
Our homemade VHC is effective for an MDI bronchodilator delivery. Since it is very cheap and easy to make, it may be used as a disposable device to minimize airborne transmission especially when commercial VHC is not available.
Depressive disorders are a common illness worldwide. Major depression is known as a significant predictor of the metabolic syndrome. However, the effects of depression on adipose tissue compartments are controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the state of research on the relationship between patients with depression and adipose tissue compartments as compared to nondepressed individuals.
The PubMed database was searched for human studies that measured adipose tissue compartments such as visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and/or organ-specific adipose tissue measurements using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan and reported the means and a measure of variance separately for depressed individuals and healthy controls. Twelve articles were identified, including a total of 1,141 depressed and 2,545 nondepressed individuals.
Major depressive disorder and self-reported depressive symptoms were associated with elevated visceral adipose tissue and elevated subcutaneous adipose tissue. Subanalyses for gender, age, method of adipose tissue measurement, and method of depression assessment showed elevated visceral adipose in depressed individuals. The results could be replicated when focussing on studies controlling for body mass index (BMI). Regarding other adipose tissue compartments, meta-analysis could not be carried out due to lack of studies.
Depression is associated with enlarged visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Further, especially longitudinal, research is needed to identify the mechanism through which depressive disorders contribute to visceral adiposity.
Depression is associated with enlarged visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Further, especially longitudinal, research is needed to identify the mechanism through which depressive disorders contribute to visceral adiposity.
