Prattbentsen6760

The use of aural thermometry as a method for accurately measuring internal temperature has been questioned. No researchers have examined whether aural thermometry can accurately measure internal body temperature in patients with exertional heat stroke (EHS).

To examine the efffectiveness of aural thermometry as an alternative to the criterion standard of rectal thermometry in patients with and those without EHS.

Cross-sectional study.

An 11.3-km road race.

A total of 49 patients with EHS (15 men [age = 38 ± 17 years], 11 women [age = 28 ± 10 years]) and 23 individuals without EHS (10 men [age = 62 ± 17 years], 13 women [age = 45 ± 14 years]) who were triaged to the finish-line medical tent for suspected EHS.

Rectal and aural temperatures were obtained on arrival at the medical tent for patients with and those without EHS and at 8.3 ± 5.2 minutes into EHS treatment (cold-water immersion) for patients with EHS.

The mean difference between temperatures measured using rectal and aural thermometers iality.

(1) To assess the effectiveness of the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) and the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) to detect differences in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) between pediatric patients with dentofacial deformities and controls. (2) To assess for correlations between scores from the OQLQ and COHIP domains with the type and severity of the skeletal mal-relationship. (3) To assess if the COHIP and OQLQ were identifying unique or overlapping OHRQoL concerns.

Subjects were under age 18, presented with a dentofacial deformity, and completed both surveys. Matched controls completed the same. Severity for conditions was recorded via overjet, overbite, and ANB values and subjects were classified as skeletal Class I, II, or III.

Enrollment yielded 30 subjects and 31 controls. For the OQLQ, significant differences between subjects and controls were found for the Facial Esthetics domain, Oral Function domain, and total score. For the COHIP, significant differences were found for the Social/Emotional Well-Being and Self-Image domains plus total score. There were no significant correlations between the severity of the condition as measured by overjet and reported OHRQoL for any domains.

The OQLQ and COHIP are effective at detecting significant OHRQoL differences between pediatric patients with dentofacial deformities and controls. Although there is some overlap in the results, the instruments appear to identify different OHRQoL concerns.

The OQLQ and COHIP are effective at detecting significant OHRQoL differences between pediatric patients with dentofacial deformities and controls. Although there is some overlap in the results, the instruments appear to identify different OHRQoL concerns.CRISPR base editing technology is a promising genome editing tool as (i) it does not require a DNA template to introduce mutations and (ii) it avoids creating DNA double-strand breaks, which can lead to unintended chromosomal alterations or elicit an unwanted DNA damage response. Given many cancers originate from point mutations in cancer-driving genes, the application of base editing for either modelling tumour development, therapeutic editing, or functional screening is of great promise. In this review, we summarise current DNA base editing technologies and will discuss recent advancements and existing hurdles for its usage in cancer research.

Processed nerve allograft (PNA) is an alternative to autograft for the reconstruction of peripheral nerves. We hypothesize that peripheral nerve repair with PNA in a military population will have a low rate of meaningful recovery (M ≥ 3) because of the frequency of blasting mechanisms and large zones of injury.

A retrospective review of the military Registry of Avance Nerve Graft Evaluating Utilization and Outcomes for the Reconstruction of Peripheral Nerve Discontinuities database was conducted at the Walter Reed Peripheral Nerve Consortium. All adult active duty military patients who underwent any peripheral nerve repair with PNA for complete nerve injuries augmented with PNA visit were included. Motor strength and sensory function were reported as a consensus from the multidisciplinary Peripheral Nerve Consortium. Motor and sensory testing was conducted in accordance with the British Medical Research Council.

A total of 23 service members with 25 nerve injuries (3 sensory and 22 mixed motor/sensory) underwent reconstruction with PNA. The average age was 30 years and the majority were male (96%). The most common injury was to the sciatic nerve (28%) from a complex mechanism (gunshot, blast, compression, and avulsion). The average defect was 77 mm. Twenty-four percent of patients achieved a meaningful motor recovery. Longer follow-up was correlated with improved postoperative motor function (r = 0.49 and P = .03).

The military population had complex injuries with large nerve gaps. Despite the low rate of meaningful recovery (27.3%), large gaps in motor and mixed motor/sensory nerves are difficult to treat, and further research is needed to determine if autograft would achieve superior results.

Therapeutic, Level III.

Therapeutic, Level III.

Current guidelines lack consensus regarding the treatment of patients who may not benefit from dialysis; this lack of consensus may be associated with the substantial variation in dialysis use and outcomes across health care facilities.

To assess the degree to which variation in dialysis use and mortality was associated with patient rather than facility characteristics and to distinguish which features identified the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities with high rates of dialysis use.

This cohort study analyzed data of veterans with stage 3 or 4 chronic kidney disease that progressed to kidney failure between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2014. These patients received care from VA facilities across the US. Data sources included laboratory and administrative records from the VA, Medicare, and United States Renal Data System. Data analysis was conducted from August 1, 2019, to September 1, 2020.

The primary exposure was the VA facility in which patients received most of their care befoals, and preferences of older adults with kidney failure.

Simple measures of hypertension treatment, such as achievement of blood pressure (BP) targets, ignore the intensity of treatment once the BP target is met. High-intensity treatment involves increased treatment burden and can be associated with potential adverse effects in older adults. A method was previously developed to identify older patients receiving intense hypertension treatment by low BP and number of BP medications using national Veterans Health Administration and Medicare Part D administrative pharmacy data to evaluate which BP medications a patient is likely taking on any given day.

To further develop and validate a method to more precisely quantify dose intensity of hypertension treatment using only health system administrative pharmacy fill data.

Observational, cross-sectional study of 319 randomly selected older veterans in the national Veterans Health Administration health care system who were taking multiple BP-lowering medications and had a total of 3625 ambulatory care visits from July manage, and optimize hypertension treatment in older adults.

After neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), pathologic complete response (pCR) is an optimal outcome and a surrogate end point for improved disease-free and overall survival. To date, surgical resection remains the only reliable method for diagnosing pCR.

To evaluate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided biopsy for diagnosing a pCR after NAC compared with reference-standard surgical resection.

Single-arm, phase 1, nonrandomized controlled trial in a single tertiary care cancer center from September 26, 2017, to July 29, 2019. The median follow-up was 1.26 years (interquartile range, 0.85-1.59 years). Selisistat datasheet Data analysis was performed in November 2019. Eligible patients had (1) stage IA to IIIC biopsy-proven operable invasive breast cancer; (2) standard-of-care NAC; (3) MRI before and after NAC, with imaging complete response defined as no residual enhancement on post-NAC MRI; and (4) definitive surgery. Patients were excluded if they were younger than 18 years, had a medical reason precluding studive cancer; and 6 of 20 (30%) had triple-negative cancer. Surgical pathology demonstrated a pCR in 13 of 20 (65%) patients and no pCR in 7 of 20 patients (35%) when pCR definition 1 was used. Results of MRI-guided biopsy had a negative predictive value of 92.8% (95% CI, 66.2%-99.8%), with accuracy of 95% (95% CI, 75.1%-99.9%), sensitivity of 85.8% (95% CI, 42.0%-99.6%), positive predictive value of 100%, and specificity of 100% for pCR definition 1. Only 1 patient had a false-negative MRI-guided biopsy result (surgical pathology showed <0.02 cm of residual invasive cancer).

This study's results suggest that the accuracy of MRI-guided biopsy to diagnose a post-NAC pCR approaches that of reference-standard surgical resection. MRI-guided biopsy may be a viable alternative to surgical resection for this population after NAC, which supports the need for further investigation.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03289195.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03289195.

Many studies have evaluated the long-term benefits of aspirin use; however, the association of aspirin use with cancer incidence and survival in older individuals remains uncertain. Additional population-based evidence of this association is necessary to better understand any possible protective effects of aspirin in older adults.

To investigate the association of aspirin use with risk of developing new cancers and site-specific cancer-associated survival in bladder, breast, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, and uterine cancers.

This cohort study used data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Participants were aged 65 years or older at baseline (1993-2001) or reached age 65 during follow-up. Data analysis was conducted from January to June 2020.

Incidence of and survival from the investigated cancer types. Univariable and multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression modeling, adjusting for covariates. Multiva was observed.

In the current study, any aspirin use and aspirin use at least 3 times/week was associated with improved bladder and breast cancer survival. Associations between aspirin use and incidence of any of the investigated cancers or between aspirin use and esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, or uterine cancer survival were not observed.

In the current study, any aspirin use and aspirin use at least 3 times/week was associated with improved bladder and breast cancer survival. Associations between aspirin use and incidence of any of the investigated cancers or between aspirin use and esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, or uterine cancer survival were not observed.

Understanding mechanisms associated with prolonged cognitive health in combination with exceptional longevity might lead to approaches to enable successful aging.

To investigate trajectories of cognitive functioning in centenarians across domains, and to examine the association of these trajectories with factors underlying cognitive reserve, physical health, and postmortem levels of Alzheimer disease (AD)-associated neuropathology.

This cohort study used neuropsychological test data and postmortem neuropathological reports from Dutch centenarians who were drawn from the 100-plus Study between January 2013 and April 2019. Eligible participants self-reported being cognitively healthy, which was confirmed by a proxy. Data analysis was performed between June 2019 and June 2020.

Age, sex, APOE ε genotype, factors of cognitive reserve, physical health, and AD-associated neuropathology (ie, amyloid-β, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuritic plaques).

In annual visits (until death or until participation was no longer possible), centenarians underwent an extensive neuropsychological test battery, from which an mean z score of global cognition, memory, executive functions, verbal fluency, visuospatial functions, and attention/processing speed was calculated.