Hovgaardstrickland9397

Incineration is not a final disposal method for sludge management since a significant amount of ash is generated. Although some published literature reported on the use of sewage sludge ashes (SSAs) as a cement replacement, none of them referred to the air pollution control unit of the incinerator where the SSA is collected. The properties of SSAs from different air pollution control units were investigated with the purpose of usage as a cement replacement in the present study. The SSA samples obtained from multi-cyclone units (MC-SSA), where SSA is collected at the bottom of the unit with the help of inertia and centrifugal forces, and baghouse dust filters (BHD-SSA), where SSA is collected at the fabrics of the unit, of the sludge incinerator were analyzed for chemical and physical characteristics, including heavy metal leaching, mineralogy (XRD), and particle morphology (scanning electron microscopy). Mortar samples were prepared with 15 and 30% of MC-SSA and BHD-SSA additions and analyzed for workability, of BHD-SSA mortars by 6% (47.65 MPa). The freeze-thaw resistance and water adsorption capacity of SSA mortars were comparable with that of the cement mortars. It was inferred that the contribution of SSA substitution to the strength development was influenced by hydraulic activity more than pozzolanic activity.Graphical abstract.The Huai River Basin (HRB) has experienced significant climate and land use and land cover changes (LUCC) which have impacted the water cycle in recent times. However, little is understood about the impact of climate change and LUCC affecting evapotranspiration (ET). Thus, we investigate how surface ET response to climate change and LUCC in the HRB for the period from 2001 to 2014. ET and land cover types products (i.e., MOD16 and MCD12Q1, respectively) from MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) were employed in this research. Celastrol mw Water balance method and D20 pan evaporation data (Epan) as well as eddy covariance (EC) measurements were used to validate the MOD16 product, and the Theil-Sen's slope estimator and Mann-Kendall (M-K) test were adopted to estimate the magnitude and significance of ET trends. Moreover, daily meteorological data of 137 weather stations from 2001 to 2014 were also employed to explore the correlation mechanism between ET and meteorological factors. The results showed that tuild-up lands>barren. link2 Results of the study also suggest water conditions (precipitation (Pre) and relative humidity (RH) decrease) are major controlling factors in the decline of ET. Overall, the LUCC has a smaller influence on ET than climate change in the HRB. This research will provide a better insight into climate change and LUCC impacts on water resources.In this research work, the conventional single slope still (CSS) with egg shells of breed Gallus gallus domesticus cascara as sensible heat storage (SHS) material are studied experimentally to enhance the yield. In this experimental investigation, the proposed single slope still (PSS) with SHS material was made in comparison with the CSS to evaluate the productivity of fresh water under the same ambient conditions. Comparatively, this PSS has higher thermal conductivity than the CSS. The yield obtained from the PSS is 2.46 L/m2, while the yield from the CSS is 2.07 L/m2. The average rate at which the rise of output fresh water obtained from the PSS is 18% more than the fresh water output obtained from the CSS. The daily energy efficiency of the PSS is 26.07%, and for the CSS, it is only 22.25%. The daily exergy efficiency of the PSS is 2.36%, and for the CSS, it is only 1.67%. Since using the egg shell will employ as organic waste management and modification in this still is economical, less initial, and maintenance cost.Seasonal and regional distributions of 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface waters from four different main water functional regions of the Baiyangdian Lake were analyzed through GC/MS/MS during spring and summer season. The aim was to identify their possible pollution sources and evaluate their health risk for human and ecotoxicological risk for aquatic organisms. link3 Results showed that the range of total PAH concentration is 35.38-88.06 ng/L (average 46.57 ng/L) in spring and 25.64-301.41 ng/L (average 76.23 ng/L) in summer. PAH contamination was observed slightly lower in the summer season from the pollution characteristics of water bodies in most areas of the Baiyangdian Lake, and the levels of PAH pollution in the water body of urban residential regions and rural residential regions were relatively higher than those in tourist regions and low human disturbance regions. Source analysis based on diagnostic ratios confirmed that combustion sources and petroleum sources were two main sources foelation to regional anthropogenic activities, and provided corresponding risk management strategies for human and aquatic organisms.The present work is a preliminary study on the potential of low-frequency ultrasound irradiation coupled with O3 process for the disinfection of a primary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant preserving nutrient levels (in particular nitrogen and phosphorous), for its possible reuse in civil, industrial, and agricultural sectors. The treated water could be reused, after appropriate dilution, contributing to the circular economy perspective and reducing the need for both chemical fertilizer addition and freshwater supply. The effect of different specific ultrasonic energies and ozone doses was assessed on a bench-top system, composed of an ultrasonic reactor and a semi-batch ozonation vessel. The results showed that the combined US-O3 process produces a good removal efficiency regarding soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand, sCOD (ca. 60%), anionic surfactants (ca. 50%), and formaldehyde (ca. 50%), and an optimal abatement for Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS, > 90%). The process also reached high disinfection performances, obtaining 4 logs for E. coli and 5 log abatement for Total Coliforms. The high removal efficiency is matched by an outstanding retention of nutrients (total nitrogen and orthophosphate) highlighting a high potential value for agricultural reuse of the treated primary effluent, with possible significant saving of chemical fertilizers. It was concluded that low-frequency ultrasound pre-treatment, combined with ozonation, could be a useful process for primary effluent recovery for several purposes. Further studies are expected to be planned and executed to evaluate system scale-up feasibility.Organoarsenic compounds are widely used in chicken feed for control of coccidial parasite, quick weight gain, and for imparting attractive color to the chicken flesh. A study was conducted to assess the level of arsenic in both chicken feed and flesh. Chicken feed was collected from 10 farm houses and total arsenic was estimated. The quantitative estimation suggests that the four levels of chicken feed contain different quantities of arsenic load. The results demonstrated that feed at stages III and IV levels contain 0.01 mg/g and 0.018 mg/g of arsenic respectively. However, at stages I and II levels, the feed contains 0.005 mg/g and 0.0052 mg/g of arsenic respectively. Proceeding similarly, chicken flesh was collected from ten vendors in the local markets of Burdwan. The experimental results revealed that deposition of arsenic in different parts of chicken body is not same. The highest accumulation was recorded in the flesh of chest followed by stomach, whereas flesh of the legs and heart showed lower levels of arsenic accumulation. A comprehensive calculation was thereafter done to assess the total amount of arsenic ingestion through consumption of chicken. If a person takes 60.0 g of chicken flesh (leg, breast, muscles, and stomach) everyday, then the person may consume 0.186-0.372 μg of arsenic per day. This study therefore clearly suggests that excessive consumption of poultry chicken may prove to be fatal. However, further research is necessary to confirm the present findings. To the best of our knowledge, this is probably the first report on the likelihood of arsenic contamination in the flesh of different body parts of poultry chicken from Eastern India.

The aim was to evaluate the impact of diabetes on the outcome of periodontal treatment based on massive data analyses.

Data originated from the database of a major German National Health Insurance. Patients who underwent periodontal treatment were allocated to four groups according to their medical condition type 1 diabetes (D1), type 2 diabetes with the intake of oral anti-diabetics (D2M), type 2 diabetes without the intake of oral anti-diabetics (D2), and a control group without diabetes (ND). Four-year Kaplan-Meier survival analyses on the patient level and multivariate regression analyses were conducted for tooth extraction.

Of 415,718 patients, 4139 matched the criteria for D1, 22,430 for D2M, and 23,576 for D2. At 4 years, the cumulative survival rate (no extraction) was 51.7% in the D1 group, 54.0% in the D2M group, and 57.7% in the D2 group. The ND control group had a significantly higher survival rate of 65.9% (P < 0.0001). In the multivariate analyses, both diabetes types were significantly associated with further tooth loss after periodontal treatment.

The diagnosis of diabetes type 1 or 2 seems to be associated with a higher risk of tooth loss after periodontal treatment.

The long-term prognosis of teeth in diabetes patients should be judged carefully.

The long-term prognosis of teeth in diabetes patients should be judged carefully.

Juvenile obesity is a complex clinical condition that is present more and more frequently in the daily orthodontic practice. Over-weighted patients have an impaired bone metabolism, due in part to their increased levels of circulating adipokines. Particularly, leptin has been reported to play a key role in bone physiology. Leptin is ubiquitously present in the body, including blood, saliva, and crevicular fluid. If, and to what extent, it could influence the reaction of cementoblasts during orthodontic-induced forces is yet unknown.

OCCM-30 cementoblasts were cultivated under compressive forces using different concentrations of leptin. The expression of ObR, Runx-2, Osteocalcin, Rank-L, Sost, Caspase 3, 8, and 9 were analyzed by RT-PCR. Western blots were employed for protein analysis. The ERK1/2 antagonist FR180204 (Calbiochem) was used and cPLA2 activation, PGE2, and cytochrome C release were further evaluated.

In vitro, when compressive forces are applied, leptin promotes ERK1/2 phosphorylation, as well as upregulates PGE2 and caspase 3 and caspase 9 on OCCM cells. Blockade of ERK1/2 impairs leptin-induced PGE2 secretion and reduced caspase 3 and caspase 9 expression.

Leptin influences the physiological effect of compressive forces on cementoblasts, exerting in vitro a pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effect.

Our findings indicate that leptin exacerbates the physiological effect of compressive forces on cementoblasts promoting the release of PGE2 and increases the rate of cell apoptosis, and thus, increased levels of leptin may influence the inflammatory response during orthodontically induced tooth movement.

Our findings indicate that leptin exacerbates the physiological effect of compressive forces on cementoblasts promoting the release of PGE2 and increases the rate of cell apoptosis, and thus, increased levels of leptin may influence the inflammatory response during orthodontically induced tooth movement.