Thorperollins5545

Particularly in the case of laccases, the catalytic systems are often complex and additional proteins, substrates, or reaction conditions have a strong influence on activity and regio- and atroposelectivity. Although the field of (selective) enzymatic phenol coupling is still in its infancy, the diversity of enzymes identified recently could make it easier to select suitable candidates for biotechnological development and to approach this challenging reaction through biocatalysis.Correction for 'The evolution of spiropyran fundamentals and progress of an extraordinarily versatile photochrome' by Luuk Kortekaas et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2019, 48, 3406-3424, DOI .Ethylene production is an important and direct indicator related to the development of the petrochemical industry in a country. read more However, the separation and purification of ethylene is an extremely energy-consuming process. In this review, the latest progress in the purification of ethylene using metal organic frameworks (MOFs), a new type of physical adsorbent, is summarized according to four classifications of pore engineering, including pore surface functionalization, molecular sieving, controlled framework softness and dynamic pore-dominated molecular diffusion. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects in this field are also discussed.As we read this text, our eyes dynamically adjust the focal length to keep the image in focus on the retina. Similarly, in many optics applications the focal length must be dynamically tunable. In the quest for compactness and tunability, flat lenses based on metasurfaces were introduced. However, their dynamic tunability is still limited because their functionality mostly relies upon fixed geometry. In contrast, we put forward an original concept of a tunable Optical Magnetic Lens (OML) that focuses photon beams using a subwavelength-thin layer of a magneto-optical material in a non-uniform magnetic field. We applied the OML concept to a wide range of materials and found out that the effect of OML is present in a broad frequency range from microwaves to visible light. For terahertz light, OML can allow 50% relative tunability of the focal length on the picosecond time scale, which is of practical interest for ultrafast shaping of electron beams in microscopy. The OML based on magneto-optical natural bulk and 2D materials may find broad use in technologies such as 3D optical microscopy and acceleration of charged particle beams by THz beams.The ability of the multidentate nucleobases, adenine and thymine, to coordinate polyoxometalate and metal ions leading to the formation of self-assembled nanostructures and their strong cytotoxicity toward cancer cell lines have been demonstrated. A unique synthetic approach is developed to make a series of functional nanoscale hybrid materials consisting of nucleobases (adenine and thymine) and phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) through solid state chemical reaction and self-assembly process. Adenine was protonated through its ring nitrogen, while the ketone group in thymine was protonated during the addition of PMA to these nucleobases. The self-assembled nanostructures formed as a result of the electrostatic interaction between the protonated nucleobases and polyanionic PMA. To promote the base pairing between the nucleobases, chloroaurate ions and silver ions were added to each PMA/adenine and PMA/thymine nanostructures. The complexation between the nucleobases and the added metal ions was found to drive the formation of subsequent self-assembled nanostructures. All the materials were screened for their anticancer activity against breast (MDAMB-231) and prostate (PC-3) cancer cells, and non-cancerous keratinocyte cells HaCaT. PMA/adenine/[AuCl4]- and PMA/thymine/Ag+ nanostructures were found to have strong anti-cancer activity, while PMA/adenine/Ag+, PMA/thymine/[AuCl4]-, and PMA/pdenine, PMA/thymine nanostructures did not exhibit such activity. The unique redox properties of these materials and the self-assembly of the PMA and metal ions were the major factors responsible for the cytotoxicity. This unique approach of making functional nanomaterials incorporate the nucleobase, PMA and metal ions using solid state self-assembly and their anti-cancer applications are considered to be an effective approach for the development of inorganic nucleoside analogue bio-pharmaceutical agents.Phototheranostics represents a promising direction for modern precision medicine, which has recently attracted great research interest from multidisciplinary research areas. Organic optical agents including small molecular fluorophores, semiconducting/conjugated polymers, aggregation-induced emission luminogens, etc. with tuneable photophysical properties, high biosafety and biocompatibility, facile processability and ease of functionalization have delivered encouraging performance in disease phototheranostics. This review summarizes the recent progress of organic phototheranostic agents with an emphasis on the main strategies to manipulate the three excitation energy dissipation pathways, namely, radiative decay, thermal deactivation, and intersystem crossing, with the assistance of a Jablonski diagram, which particularly showcases how the Jablonski diagram has been guiding the design of organic agents from molecule to aggregate levels to promote the disease phototheranostic outcomes. Molecular design and nanoengineering strategies to modulate photophysical processes of organic optical agents to convert the absorbed photons into fluorescent/phosphorescent/photoacoustic signals and/or photodynamic/photothermal curing effects for improved disease phototheranostics are elaborated. Noteworthily, adaptive phototheranostics with activatable and transformable functions on demand, and regulation of excitation such as chemiexcitation to promote the phototheranostic efficacies are also included. A brief summary with the discussion of current challenges and future perspectives in this research field is further presented.The removal of excessive blood lead ions (Pb2+) is very important to human health, but current effective removal technology is still lacking because of the complex existence state of Pb2+ in blood, which can be attributed to the fact that most of the blood Pb2+ is combined with haemoglobin (Hb) located in red blood cells (RBCs). Here, a new type of magnetic mesoporous silica/ε-polylysine nanomotor-based remover (MMS/P NR) with abundant chelation sites was designed, synthesized and used to remove Pb2+ from blood. The magnetic core can make the nanocomposites become nanomotors with autonomous movement under an external variable magnetic field, which can effectively improve the contact probability between the MMS/P NRs and Pb2+-contaminated Hb in RBCs. The amino rich ε-polylysine (ε-PL) was used as the co-template of mesoporous silica. Mesoporous channels can provide a confinement effect for Pb2+-contaminated Hb to stabilize the captured blood Pb2+. The movement behavior of the MMS/P NRs in and out of RBCs and the capture mechanism of Pb2+ in the blood were studied.