Jochumsensteensen1771
gait, and cardiopulmonary function tests among Chinese community-dwelling older adults, which calls for the future intervention.
Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome (MCR), slow gait speed (SG) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are known to be harbingers of dementia. MCR is known to be associated with a 3-fold increased risk of future dementia, while SG can precede cognitive impairment.
We aim to determine the prevalence and demographics of MCR, slow gait alone (SG-A) and subjective cognitive decline alone (SCD-A) in community-dwelling older adults and association with physical, functional, cognition and psychosocial factors.
A total of 509 participants were classified into four groups according to presence of SG and/or SCD. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with SG-A, SCD-A and MCR.
The prevalence of MCR was 13.6%, SG-A 13.0% and SCD-A 35.0%. Prevalence of MCR doubled every decade in females with 27.7% of female ≥ 80 years old had MCR. Almost 4 in 10 had no SG or SCD (SG+SCD negative). MCR and SG-A groups were significantly older, had higher body mass index (BMI), lower education, loweood predictor of negative outcomes and should be considered as the 'sixth' vital sign. Long term prospective studies are needed to evaluate i) the conversion to dementia in different ethnic groups and ii) effect of targeted physical and / or dual task exercise on delaying the conversion to dementia and / or improvement in physical measures and reduction of disability.
Both MCR and SG-A are associated with global cognitive decline especially in the non-memory domains and lower functional scores. Gait speed is a good predictor of negative outcomes and should be considered as the 'sixth' vital sign. Long term prospective studies are needed to evaluate i) the conversion to dementia in different ethnic groups and ii) effect of targeted physical and / or dual task exercise on delaying the conversion to dementia and / or improvement in physical measures and reduction of disability.
To examine whether neighborhood social cohesion can alleviate the negative impact of low subjective social status on feelings of loneliness.
Cross-sectional study.
Community, Hong Kong.
Older people who participated in a cohort study on osteoporosis and general health in Hong Kong (MrOs study).
Data were sourced from the 14-year follow-up data of the MrOs study. Loneliness was measured using the 6-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Neighborhood social cohesion was measured by the Hong Kong version of Neighborhood Cohesion Instrument. Linear regression models were used to examine the associations between neighborhood social cohesion and loneliness, controlled for age, sex, marital status, educational level, lifestyle, number of diseases, and maximum lifetime income. The analyses were stratified by subjective social status as measured by a 10-rung self-anchoring scale.
1,037 participants with a mean age of 83 years were included in the study, of whom 72%, 83%, and 64% were classified as at riske associations became insignificant when controlling for maximum lifetime income.
Neighborhood social cohesion may operate differently in different social ranking groups. Interventions to alleviate feelings of loneliness should be subjective social status specific.
Neighborhood social cohesion may operate differently in different social ranking groups. Interventions to alleviate feelings of loneliness should be subjective social status specific.
The aim of this study was to compare a short and a long version of an intrinsic capacity index and test their cross-sectional association with relevant health outcomes in older adults.
Cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data of the FraDySMex study.
543 community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older living in 2 municipalities in Mexico City, from which 435 had complete data on the variables of interest.
The intrinsic capacity indices were obtained using principal components analysis. The performance of the indices was tested respective to frailty, IADL and ADL.
The short and long versions of the IC index performed well for assessing functional status. Using biometrical variables like the phase angle, grip strength and gait speed measured by the GAIT rite improved the index performance vis a vis IADL disability (Lawton), but not to the other evaluated outcomes.
Both the long and short versions of the intrinsic capacity indices tested were able to classify older adults according to their functional status and were associated with relevant health outcomes.
Both the long and short versions of the intrinsic capacity indices tested were able to classify older adults according to their functional status and were associated with relevant health outcomes.
Osteosarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome defined by the concomitant presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis (loss of bone mineral density (BMD)) and sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and/or function), which increases the risk of falls, fractures, and premature mortality.
To examine the efficacy of non-pharmacological (exercise and/or nutritional) interventions on musculoskeletal measures and outcomes in osteosarcopenic adults by reviewing findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
This review was registered at PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020179292) and conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic databases were searched for RCTs assessing the effect of at least one non-pharmacological intervention (any form of exercise and/or supplementation with protein, vitamin D, calcium or creatine) on any musculoskeletal measure/outcome of interest (BMD, bone strength/turnover, muscle mass and strength, physical performance, falls/fractures) in adults with osteosarcopenia as defined by anys of protein, vitamin D, calcium, or creatine against a control/placebo in this high-risk population.
Chronic RT is safe and effective at potentiating gains in muscle mass, strength, and quality, and increasing or maintaining BMD in older osteosarcopenic adults. No RCT has examined the effects of protein, vitamin D, calcium, or creatine against a control/placebo in this high-risk population.
The co-occurrence of chronic diseases in the elderly is a common problem. check details However, the relationship between comorbidities and the prognosis of elderly patients with COVID-19 was not clear. This study was supposed to describe the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with COVID-19 infection from Sichuan province and the effects of comorbidity.
A retrospective study.
COVID-19 patients from Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu between December 16, 2019 and February 26, 2020 were included in this study. link2 Patients were divided into elderly group (≥60 years old) and non-elderly group (< 60 years old).
Elderly patients with COVID-19 indicated relatively higher proportion of comorbidities, and the most common were atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (56.5%), hypertension (43.5%) and chronic pulmonary disease (21.7%). The proportion of severe cases was higher in elderly group than that in non-elderly group (73.9% and 42.2%, respectively, P=0.012). During hospitalization, elderly patients indicated relatively higher proportion of complications, such as shock (21.7%), respiratory failure (21.7%). The proportion of patients with a decreased number of CD8+ lymphocytes (82.6%) and B lymphocytes (77.8%) in elderly patients was significantly higher than that in non-elderly group (48.9% and 44.8%, respectively). All 3 deaths were elderly patients with comorbidities and the cell counts of T lymphocyte subsets, B and NK cells of them were significantly decreased at admission.
Elderly patients with COVID-19 had a high proportion of severe cases and comorbidities, more likely to show low immune function, and indicate higher proportion of complications.
Elderly patients with COVID-19 had a high proportion of severe cases and comorbidities, more likely to show low immune function, and indicate higher proportion of complications.
While assessment of sarcopenia has drawn much attention, assessment of low muscle power has not been studied widely. This is, to a large extend, due to a more difficult assessment of power in practice. We aimed to compare the associations of low power and sarcopenia with functional and performance measures.
We designed a retrospective and cross-sectional study. Community-dwelling outpatient older adults applied to a university hospital between 2012 and 2020 composed the population. We estimated body composition by bioimpedance analysis. Other measures were handgrip strength, timed-up-and-go-test (TUG), usual gait speed (UGS), activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) tests. We assessed muscle power by a practical equation using a 5-repetition sit-to-stand power test. We adjusted the power by body weight and defined low muscle power threshold as the lowest sex-specific tertile. We noted demographic characteristics, number of medications, and diseases. We defined sanctionality and performance measures more than sarcopenia. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine whether it predicts future impairment in ADL, IADL, and performance measures.
Low muscle power detected by simple and practically applicable CSST (Chair Sit To-Stand Test) power test was a convenient measure associated with functional and performance measures. It was related to functionality and performance measures more than sarcopenia. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine whether it predicts future impairment in ADL, IADL, and performance measures.
The purpose of this article is to present six-year findings of the Missouri Quality Initiative (MOQI) to reduce unnecessary hospitalizations for long-stay nursing home residents.
A CMS funded demonstration project analyzed over 6-years using a single group design.
The setting was 16 Midwestern US nursing homes ranging in size between 121 and 321 beds located in urban and rural areas in one geographic region. The sample of eligible residents averaged from 1819 in 2014 to 1068 in 2019.
Resident data were analyzed using descriptive methods of aggregate facilities' hospital transfer rates per 1000 resident days and changes per year of average hospital transfer rates. Individual facility transfer rates were grouped by level of performance (best, mixed, and low). Leadership turnover and engagement were also described.
Full-time advanced practice registered nurses (APRN) and an operations support team focused on reducing unnecessary hospitalizations for long-stay nursing home residents.
Total transfers fThe MOQI intervention achieved improved outcomes over six-years in the majority of nursing homes in the project. The embedded APRN's daily focus on project goals supported by a multi-disciplinary operations team facilitated success. link3 Facility leadership stability and engagement in the project likely contributed to outcomes. Full-time presence of APRNs coupled with an operations' support team improved nursing homes outcomes, however Medicare currently restricts APRNs hired by nursing homes from billing Medicare for direct care services. This unnecessary restriction of practice discourages nursing homes from hiring APRNs and should be abolished.
