Riverscarrillo5177

This scalable synthesis paves the way for the practical application of phosphorene-graphene materials in batteries.Artificial skins with sensing ability have great potential in applications of wearable devices and soft robotics. Inspired by the functions of human skins including sensing stimuli via electrical signal and bruising for injury indication, an ionic conductive and mechanochromic organohydrogel is synthesized and demonstrated as ionic skin (I-skin). The gel consisting of mechanochromophore cross-linked micelles is mechanically robust, stretchable, and deformation durable with minor hysteresis, and it also displays good solvent retention. The change of relative resistance during elongation and compression suggests a high sensitivity. An optical change from pale yellow to bruise-like blue-purple color is observed under a large deformation. The ionic conductive organohydrogel as I-skin is attached to different parts of the human body with movements mimicking various body-bruising scenarios, demonstrating successful perception and visualization of mechanical stimuli. The work vividly presents a strain sensor with the functions of injury visualization and damage warning for mechanical impacts. The I-skin can be potentially used in the applications including prosthetic devices, wearable electronics, and intelligent robots.Developing efficient metal-organic framework (MOF)-based electrocatalysts with improvable activity and persistence toward the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) is attracting great research attention but still remains an enormous challenge. Herein, a facile strategy, hydrangea-shaped nickel hydroxide template-directed synthesis of the hierarchically structured Ni-MOF on the Ni(OH)2 heterocomposite (denoted as Ni-Ni) for efficient MOR, is developed. The unique hierarchical structure and synergistic effect of the heterocomposite afford more exposed active sites, a facile ion diffusion path, and improved conductivity, favorable for improving MOR catalytic performance. Remarkably, the optimized Ni-Ni-2 material delivers an excellent activity with a high peak current density (24.6 mA cm-2). Furthermore, to prove the universality of this strategy, NixCu1-x(OH)2 isometallic hydroxide was used as the precursor, and a series of MOF-74/CuxNi1-x(OH)2 (denoted as Ni-NiCu) heterogeneous materials have been prepared and could be used as an effective electrocatalyst to catalyze MOR. The results indicate that this strategy can be used in the synthesis of other new composite materials with specific hierarchical structures for a more efficient electrocatalytic system.The magnetorheological (MR) performance of suspensions based on magnetic (flaky Sendust (FS))-magnetic (Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2) nanocomposite particles was investigated by using a vibrating sample magnetometer and a rotational rheometer. Flaky Sendust@Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2 nanocomposite particles were fabricated through wet chemical synthesis of Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2 on the surface of FS. The density of the resultant FS@Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2 was less than that of FS due to the pore/void formation in the composite particles. Because of the high saturation magnetization of Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2 (165 emu/g), FS@Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2 (145 emu/g) exhibited greater magnetization than bare FS (130 emu/g), which resulted in the good performance of FS@Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2-based MR fluids the suspension exhibited a remarkably high yield stress, almost one order greater than that of MR fluids based on hierarchically structured (HS) Fe3O4 particles. In addition, the high drag coefficient of FS@Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2 in the liquid medium, in conjunction with its lower density, resulted in a substantially improved long-term stability, better than that of Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2- or FS-based suspensions. Although the density of the FS@Co0.4Fe0.4Ni0.2 nanoparticles is higher than that of HS-Fe3O4 particles, their stability is much better than the stability of HS-Fe3O4 particle's suspension. Manufactured magnetic-magnetic nanocomposite particles provide a feasible MR suspension of high MR performance and long-term stability.Frequently calibrating electrochemical biosensors (ECBs) to obtain acceptable accuracy can be cumbersome for the users. Thus, the achievement of calibration-free operation would effectively lead to commercial applications for ECBs in the real world. Herein, we fabricated a temperature-alternated electrochemical aptamer-based (TAEAB) sensor, producing a cycle of "enhanced-responsive and ∼nonresponsive" state at rapidly alternated interface temperatures (5 and 30 °C, respectively). The ratio of peak currents collected at two temperatures overcomes sensor-to-sensor fabrication variations, obviating sensor calibration prior to use due to its good reproducibility. We then demonstrated the capability of TAEAB sensors for improved, sensitive, and calibration-free measurement of different targets within 7 min, which respectively achieved a detection limit of 0.5 μM procaine in undiluted urine and 1.0 μM adenosine triphosphate in undiluted serum. This generalizable approach ameliorates sensitivity without the complicated amplification step, thus simplifying the operation procedure and reducing the detection time, which will effectively improve the clinical utility of biosensors.In this paper, human platelet 12-lipoxygenase [h12-LOX (ALOX12)], human reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase-1 [h15-LOX-1 (ALOX15)], and human epithelial 15-lipoxygenase-2 [h15-LOX-2 (ALOX15B)] were observed to react with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and produce 17S-hydroperoxy-4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid (17S-HpDHA). The kcat/KM values with DHA for h12-LOX, h15-LOX-1, and h15-LOX-2 were 12, 0.35, and 0.43 s-1 μM-1, respectively, which demonstrate h12-LOX as the most efficient of the three. These values are comparable to their counterpart kcat/KM values with arachidonic acid (AA), 14, 0.98, and 0.24 s-1 μM-1, respectively. Comparison of their product profiles with DHA demonstrates that the three LOX isozymes produce 11S-HpDHA, 14S-HpDHA, and 17S-HpDHA, to varying degrees, with 17S-HpDHA being the majority product only for the 15-LOX isozymes. The effective kcat/KM values (kcat/KM × percent product formation) for 17S-HpDHA of the three isozymes indicate that the in vitro value of h12-LOX was 2.8-fold grearoxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HETE) (Kd = 2.5 μM), and 17S-hydroxy-13Z,15E,19Z-docosatrienoic acid (17S-HDTA) (Kd = 1.4 μM), suggesting a possible regulatory pathway in reducing epoxide formation. Finally, 17S-HpDHA and PDX inhibited platelet aggregation, with EC50 values of approximately 1 and 3 μM, respectively. The in vitro results presented here may help advise in vivo PDX and NPD1 intermediate (i.e., 16S,17S-epoxyDHA) biosynthetic investigations and support the benefits of DHA rich diets.Herein, a novel DNA cascade amplification, including double hairpin DNAs recognition-triggered single-target recycling (D-STR) and concatenated DNA structure-controlled rolling circle amplification (C-RCA), was developed as a signal amplifier to construct a highly specific and ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA fragments detection, which not only revealed tremendous potential in avoiding false positive signals but also obviously promoted the amplification efficiency simultaneously compared to conventional single recognition of the target. Once the target DNA triggered the rolling circle amplification (RCA), the obtained RCA products could be anchored on the Pt-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via the Pt-N bond, capturing massive ruthenium (Ru)-labeled ssDNA as the ECL signal tag to generate remarkable ECL emission. As a result, the proposed biosensor showed highly specific and ultrasensitive detection of the target with the detection limit down to 27.0 aM, which gives great impetus to the development of a novel specific biosensor for practical bioanalysis and diagnostic technologies.Gas-responsive nanochannels have great relevance for applications in many fields. Inspired by CO2-sensitive ion channels, herein we present an approach for designing solid-state nanochannels that allow controlled regulation of ion transport in response to alternate CO2/N2 stimuli. The pillar[5]arene (P5N) bearing diethylamine groups can convert into the water-soluble host P5C, containing cationic tertiary ammonium salt groups after absorbing CO2. Subsequently, the nanochannel walls are tailored using P5N-based host-guest chemistry. The ion transport rate of K+ in the P5N nanochannels under CO2 was 1.66 × 10-4 mol h-1 m-2, whereas that under N2 was 7.98 × 10-4 mol h-1 m-2. Notably, there was no significant change to the ion current after eight cycles, which may indicate the stability and repeatability of CO2-activated ion nanochannels. It is speculated that the difference in ion conductance resulted from the change in wettability and surface charge within the nanochannels in response to the gas stimuli. Achieving CO2-activated ion transport in solid-state nanochannels opens new avenues for biomimetic nanopore systems and advanced separation processes.Hemoglobin vesicles (Hb-V) are artificial red blood cells encapsulating highly concentrated hemoglobin (Hb) in liposomes comprising phospholipids, cholesterol, negatively charged lipids, and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated phospholipids. Safety and efficacy of Hb-V as a transfusion alternative have been extensively studied. For this study, we prepared Hb-V using the kneading method with a rotation-revolution mixer as an alternative to the conventional extrusion method. We optimized the kneading operation parameters to obtain Hb-V with a high yield. Results show that the Hb encapsulation efficiency was increased dramatically up to 74.2%, which is higher than that of the extrusion method (20%) because the kneading method enabled mixing of a highly concentrated carbonylhemoglobin (HbCO) solution (40 g/dL) and a considerably large amount of powdered lipids in only 10 min. The high viscosity of the Hb-lipid mixture paste (ca. 103-105 cP) favorably induces frictional heat by kneading and increases the paste temperature (ca. 60 °C), which facilitates lipid dispersion and liposome formation. During the kneading operation using a thermostable HbCO solution, Hb denaturation was prevented. Hb-V prepared using this method showed no marked changes in particle sizes, Hb denaturation, or Hb leakage from liposomes during two years of long-term storage-stability tests. ML348 chemical structure Collectively, these results demonstrate that the kneading method using a rotation-revolution mixer shows good potential as a new method to produce Hb-V.Mimicking the hierarchical assembly of natural fiber materials is an important design challenge in the manufacturing of nanostructured materials with biomolecules such as peptides. Here, we produce nanofibers with control of structure over multiple length scales, ranging from peptide molecule assembly into supramolecular building blocks called "bundlemers," to rigid-rod formation through a covalent connection of bundlemer building blocks, and, ultimately, to uniaxially oriented fibers made with the rigid-rod polymers. The peptides are designed to physically assemble into coiled-coil bundles, or bundlemers, and to covalently interact in an end-to-end fashion to produce the rigid-rod polymer. The resultant rodlike polymer exhibits a rigid, cylindrical nanostructure confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and, correspondingly, exhibits shear-thinning behavior at low shear rates observed in many nanoscopic rod systems. The rigid-rod chains are further organized into final fiber materials via electrospinning processing, all the while preserving their unique rodlike structural characteristics.